【摘要】：火旋風(fēng)是火災(zāi)中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的特殊火現(xiàn)象,極具破壞性,其研究是火災(zāi)科學(xué)重要研究領(lǐng)域之一。模擬試驗(yàn)是火旋風(fēng)研究的有效方法,但目前國(guó)內(nèi)鮮見(jiàn)有火旋風(fēng)模擬試驗(yàn)設(shè)備產(chǎn)品。研制具有自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的火旋風(fēng)模擬試驗(yàn)設(shè)備,對(duì)火旋風(fēng)試驗(yàn)研究有著重要的應(yīng)用意義。本文基于具體技術(shù)需求,研制大型火旋風(fēng)模擬試驗(yàn)整機(jī)設(shè)備,實(shí)現(xiàn)了火旋風(fēng)模擬功能,及溫度與流速的自動(dòng)、準(zhǔn)確測(cè)量功能。高溫環(huán)境下溫度、流速的定距測(cè)量是設(shè)備研制的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一。傳統(tǒng)進(jìn)給機(jī)構(gòu)極易因嚴(yán)重受熱變形而失效。設(shè)計(jì)了由步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng),由梯形絲杠傳動(dòng)副實(shí)現(xiàn)進(jìn)給運(yùn)動(dòng),外防護(hù)套與螺母固接同步沿軸向進(jìn)給的密封式進(jìn)給機(jī)構(gòu)。在滿足進(jìn)給精度的同時(shí),實(shí)現(xiàn)了機(jī)構(gòu)的高溫防護(hù)。對(duì)機(jī)構(gòu)的受熱變形進(jìn)行了有限元分析,驗(yàn)證了設(shè)計(jì)的合理性。以伺服主軸電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng),應(yīng)用單排四點(diǎn)接觸球式回轉(zhuǎn)支承傳動(dòng),實(shí)現(xiàn)了設(shè)備主回轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng);選用42CrMo作為回轉(zhuǎn)支承基體材料,替代了傳統(tǒng)50Mn材料,并采用銅隔離塊替代傳統(tǒng)尼龍隔離塊,提升了回轉(zhuǎn)支承的極限轉(zhuǎn)速。改進(jìn)傳統(tǒng)紗幕組件支撐內(nèi)置結(jié)構(gòu),采用外置方式支撐紗幕組件,進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大了紗幕組件的視場(chǎng)范圍,并有效解決了內(nèi)置支桿影響流場(chǎng)的問(wèn)題。對(duì)紗幕組件撓度進(jìn)行了動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真,驗(yàn)證了設(shè)計(jì)的合理性。完成了控制系統(tǒng)的研發(fā)工作。完成了控制系統(tǒng)邏輯分析與PLC梯形圖程序設(shè)計(jì)工作,完成了控制柜設(shè)計(jì)、控制電路設(shè)計(jì)。應(yīng)用SIMENTIC S7-1200 PLC以及觸摸屏實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)伺服主軸電機(jī)與步進(jìn)電機(jī)的控制以及人機(jī)交互界面設(shè)計(jì)。對(duì)關(guān)鍵零部件進(jìn)行了工藝分析,制定了設(shè)備本體裝配工藝,完成了設(shè)備裝配與初步調(diào)試工作。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,該設(shè)備達(dá)到了技術(shù)參數(shù)要求,運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定可靠。
[Abstract]:Fire whirlwind is a special fire phenomenon which often occurs in fire, and its research is one of the important research fields of fire science. Simulation test is an effective method for fire cyclone research, but there are few products of fire cyclone simulation test equipment in China. The development of fire cyclone simulation test equipment with independent intellectual property rights is of great significance for fire cyclone test research. Based on specific technical requirements, a large scale fire cyclone simulation test equipment is developed in this paper. The function of fire cyclone simulation and automatic and accurate measurement of temperature and velocity are realized. The distance measurement of temperature and velocity is one of the key technologies in the equipment development. Traditional feed mechanism is prone to failure due to severe thermal deformation. A hermetic feed mechanism is designed, which is driven by step motor, actuated by trapezoidal lead screw transmission pair, and the outer protective sleeve is coupled with nut to feed along the axial direction synchronously. At the same time, the high temperature protection of the mechanism is realized. The finite element analysis of the thermal deformation of the mechanism is carried out, and the rationality of the design is verified. The main rotary movement of the equipment is realized by using the single row four-point contact ball rotary bearing drive driven by the servo spindle motor, and the 42CrMo is used as the base material of the rotary support instead of the traditional 50Mn material. The copper block is used to replace the traditional nylon block to increase the limit speed of the rotary bearing. By improving the built-in structure of the traditional yarn curtain assembly and adopting the external support mode, the field of view of the yarn curtain assembly is further expanded, and the problem of the influence of the built-in support rod on the flow field is effectively solved. The dynamic simulation of the deflection of the yarn screen assembly is carried out, and the rationality of the design is verified. The research and development of the control system has been completed. The logic analysis of control system and the program design of PLC trapezoid diagram are completed. The control cabinet and control circuit are designed. SIMENTIC S7-1200 PLC and touch screen are used to realize the control of servo spindle motor and step motor, as well as the design of man-machine interface. The process analysis of the key parts is carried out, the assembly process of the equipment body is established, and the assembly and preliminary debugging of the equipment are completed. The test results show that the equipment meets the requirements of technical parameters and runs stably and reliably.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X932

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