【摘要】：本文介紹的液態(tài)烴具有極高的易燃易爆性，分布于煉油廠的主要裝置，本文以吉林石化公司煉油廠液態(tài)烴系統(tǒng)為例，旨在通過對吉林石化公司煉油廠液態(tài)烴系統(tǒng)運行狀況進(jìn)行全方位的安全分析評價，制定安全穩(wěn)定運行的綜合技術(shù)措施，確保液態(tài)烴系統(tǒng)安全穩(wěn)定長周期運行。從本篇論文三方面進(jìn)行闡述：第一部分說明煉油廠基本的液態(tài)烴系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成及液態(tài)烴在煉油廠的分布情況，主要目的是闡述在應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)安全分析方法時，要根據(jù)液態(tài)烴系統(tǒng)中不同的裝置和單元以及分析評價的目的，采用不同的適用的評價方法，同時通過應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)安全分析評價方法識別出煉油廠液態(tài)烴系統(tǒng)的主要危險源和危害，為下一步采用和制定綜合安全技術(shù)措施提供依據(jù)。第二部分為液態(tài)烴系統(tǒng)的主要事故類型和原因分析，在第一部分液態(tài)烴系統(tǒng)危險源分析的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行事故類型和原因分析，可以看出煉油廠各液態(tài)烴的生產(chǎn)儲存單元均構(gòu)成重大危險源，而且系統(tǒng)的設(shè)備管線泄漏是造成事故的主要原因，此部分主要結(jié)合國內(nèi)外相關(guān)事故案例進(jìn)行事故類型和原因分析。第三部分為液態(tài)烴系統(tǒng)安全穩(wěn)定運行綜合技術(shù)措施，從設(shè)計、施工、日常運行管理、設(shè)備維護(hù)、應(yīng)急處理等幾方面闡述保證液態(tài)烴系統(tǒng)安全穩(wěn)定運行的安全技術(shù)措施。 液態(tài)烴系統(tǒng)安全穩(wěn)定長周期運行對煉油廠具有重大意義，是工廠獲得長期良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會效益的重要保證。本文通過對吉林石化公司煉油廠液態(tài)烴系統(tǒng)運行狀況的調(diào)查、分析，運用系統(tǒng)安全評價的方法，進(jìn)行危險、有害因素的識別及其危險度的評價，查找該系統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)運行中存在的隱患并判定其危險程度，提出合理可行的安全對策及建議，以提高液態(tài)烴系統(tǒng)的本質(zhì)安全程度，使系統(tǒng)在生產(chǎn)運行期內(nèi)的安全風(fēng)險控制在安全、合理、可接受的程度內(nèi)。煉油廠液態(tài)烴系統(tǒng)存在的危害是巨大的，但通過科學(xué)有效的管理，采取可靠的安全技術(shù)措施，，上述危害是可以消除和控制的，完全可以實現(xiàn)液態(tài)烴系統(tǒng)安全、穩(wěn)定、長周期運行。
[Abstract]:The liquid hydrocarbon introduced in this paper has very high flammable and explosive properties and is distributed in the main units of the refinery. This paper takes the liquid hydrocarbon system in the refinery of Jilin Petrochemical Company as an example. The purpose of this paper is to make comprehensive technical measures for the safe and stable operation of the liquid hydrocarbon system in Jilin Petrochemical Company through the comprehensive safety analysis and evaluation of the operation condition of the liquid hydrocarbon system in order to ensure the safe and stable long period operation of the liquid hydrocarbon system. In the first part, the composition of the basic liquid hydrocarbon system and the distribution of the liquid hydrocarbon in the refinery are described. The main purpose is to explain the application of the system safety analysis method. According to the different units and units in the liquid hydrocarbon system and the purpose of the analysis and evaluation, different applicable evaluation methods should be adopted. At the same time, the main dangerous sources and hazards of the liquid hydrocarbon system in the refinery should be identified by the application of the system safety analysis and evaluation method. For the next step to adopt and formulate comprehensive safety technical measures to provide the basis. The second part is the main accident type and cause analysis of liquid hydrocarbon system. Based on the analysis of hazard source of liquid hydrocarbon system in the first part, the accident type and cause analysis are carried out. It can be seen that every production and storage unit of liquid hydrocarbon in refinery is a major hazard source, and the leakage of equipment and pipeline in the system is the main cause of the accident. This part mainly analyzes the type and cause of the accident combined with the related accident cases at home and abroad. The third part is the comprehensive technical measures for the safe and stable operation of the liquid hydrocarbon system. From the aspects of design, construction, daily operation management, equipment maintenance, emergency treatment and so on, the paper expounds the safety technical measures to ensure the safe and stable operation of the liquid hydrocarbon system. The safe and stable long period operation of liquid hydrocarbon system is of great significance to the refinery and is an important guarantee for the plant to obtain long-term good economic and social benefits. Based on the investigation and analysis of the operation status of the liquid hydrocarbon system in Jilin Petrochemical Company Refinery, the method of system safety evaluation is used to identify the dangerous and harmful factors and to evaluate the risk degree. In order to improve the essential safety degree of liquid hydrocarbon system, the hidden trouble in production and operation of the system is found out and the dangerous degree is judged. The reasonable and feasible safety countermeasures and suggestions are put forward in order to improve the essential safety degree of the liquid hydrocarbon system and to control the safety risk of the system in the production and operation period. Within a reasonable and acceptable degree. The harm of liquid hydrocarbon system in refinery is great, but through scientific and effective management and reliable safety and technical measures, the above hazards can be eliminated and controlled, and the safety and stability of liquid hydrocarbon system can be completely realized. Long period operation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)（華東）
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TE687

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