【摘要】：隨棄式自吸過濾式呼吸器隨著產(chǎn)品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的提升在我國的發(fā)展十分迅速。采用紡粘噴熔工藝制成駐極體無紡布濾料有過濾效率高呼吸阻力小的特點。呼吸器適合性技術(shù)在我國也已受到關(guān)注。但我國呼吸器佩戴者的作業(yè)環(huán)境仍待改善,呼吸器在污染物和汗液影響下后是否仍能為勞動者提供防護(hù),這方面的研究尚待完善。 鑒于隨棄式自吸過濾呼吸器種類繁多,參照GB2626-2006標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對于呼吸器過濾效率的測試方法,測試了目前主流品牌口罩的性能差異,并選擇性能最優(yōu)的產(chǎn)品作為選定樣本,進(jìn)行后續(xù)研究。實驗將選定樣本完全浸潤人工汗液,并測試不同浸潤時間樣本的過濾效率變化。同時測試未浸潤呼吸器與被完全浸潤呼吸的適合性差異。并通過實驗估算了汗液浸潤時間與呼吸器更換時間的關(guān)系。 實驗結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)呼吸器在被汗液浸潤后,隨著浸潤時間的延長,過濾效率出現(xiàn)顯著下降。在8h浸潤后,其最大穿透率已經(jīng)接近標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求的下限值。同時呼吸器適合性性能也因為汗液附著于濾料導(dǎo)致呼吸阻力上升,使得適合因數(shù)顯著下降。通過實驗?zāi)M得出結(jié)論,佩戴者在高勞動強(qiáng)度以及高溫高濕工作環(huán)境下,呼吸器性能,尤其是適合性受到汗液影響顯著,呼吸器浸潤超過4h后,其呼吸阻力增加明顯,應(yīng)考慮提前更換呼吸器,或減小勞動強(qiáng)度,增加休息時間,并避免汗液對于隨棄式呼吸器的過多浸潤影響。同時對于呼吸器管理優(yōu)選方法進(jìn)行了推薦,對目前呼吸器管理上的崗位職責(zé)分配合理性進(jìn)行了分析。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of product standards, disposable self-suction filter respirators are developing rapidly in China. Electret non-woven filter material made by spunbonded spray-melting process has the characteristics of high filtration efficiency and low respiratory resistance. Respirator suitability technology has also been paid attention to in our country. However, the working environment of the wearer of respirator in our country still needs to be improved, and the study on whether the respirator can still provide protection for the laborer under the influence of pollutants and sweat remains to be improved. In view of the wide variety of disposable self-suction filter respirators, referring to the GB2626-2006 standard for testing the filtering efficiency of respirators, the performance differences of the current mainstream brand masks were tested, and the best performance products were selected as the selected samples. Carry out a follow-up study. Samples were selected to fully infiltrate artificial sweat, and the filtration efficiency of samples with different infiltration time was tested. At the same time, the suitability of uninfiltrated respirator and fully infiltrated breathing was tested. The relationship between perspiration infiltration time and respirator replacement time was estimated by experiments. The experimental results showed that the filtration efficiency decreased significantly with the increase of soaking time when the respirator was soaked in sweat. After 8 h infiltration, the maximum penetration rate is close to the lower limit required by the standard. At the same time, the adaptability of respirator is also due to the increase of respiratory resistance caused by perspiration attached to the filter material, which makes the fitness factor decrease significantly. The experimental results show that under the conditions of high labor intensity and high temperature and humidity, the performance of respirator, especially its suitability, is significantly affected by sweat, and the respiratory resistance of the wearer increases significantly after being soaked for more than 4 hours. We should consider changing respirator in advance, reducing labor intensity, increasing rest time, and avoiding excessive infiltration of perspiration on disposable respirator. At the same time, the author recommended the method of superior selection of respirator management, and analyzed the rationality of post responsibility assignment in the management of respirator at present.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TD774

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