【摘要】：煤炭開采對地下水的影響是一個持續(xù)且動態(tài)的過程。煤炭開采破壞了原有地層中的含(隔)水層,改變了天然地下水的補徑排平衡狀態(tài),導(dǎo)致其影響區(qū)內(nèi)地下水位下降、含水層疏干,使本已脆弱的地下水系統(tǒng)變得日趨復(fù)雜。近年來,隨著煤炭開采規(guī)模的擴大和開采深度的加深,煤層頂、底板灰?guī)r含水層的突水事故頻發(fā)。因此,研究煤層開采條件下巖溶地下水滲流場的變化規(guī)律,預(yù)測礦井涌水量,對于安全采煤具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。本文在充分分析國內(nèi)外礦井涌水量預(yù)測成果的基礎(chǔ)上,以山西省某煤礦為研究對象,進行了礦井涌水量的數(shù)值模擬研究。 借助以往的水文地質(zhì)勘探、抽水試驗、水化學(xué)特征等基礎(chǔ)資料,綜合分析了研究區(qū)地質(zhì)和水文地質(zhì)條件；結(jié)合礦井充水水源和充水通道的分析,將研究區(qū)概化為非均質(zhì)各向異性的三維滲流系統(tǒng),建立了以石炭系太原組灰?guī)r和奧陶系峰峰組灰?guī)r為含水介質(zhì)的巖溶地下水水流數(shù)學(xué)模型。通過對模型空間與時間的離散、定解條件的確定、源匯項的處理和水文地質(zhì)分區(qū)參數(shù)的初步確定,應(yīng)用有限差分數(shù)值法,對模型參數(shù)進行了識別和驗證,最終建立起可以用于預(yù)測研究區(qū)巖溶涌水量的數(shù)值模擬模型。 采用突水系數(shù)法分別確定了2#煤層底板太原組灰?guī)r及11#煤層底板峰峰組灰?guī)r含水層的突水危險性分區(qū),2#煤層底板太原組灰?guī)r及11#煤層底板峰峰組灰?guī)r突水危險性區(qū)面積分別占研究區(qū)總面積的3.74%和11.26%。為了安全生產(chǎn),必須對巖溶含水層進行疏干降壓。論文采用大井法和數(shù)值模擬模型預(yù)測了巖溶水位達到安全水頭時所需要的時問及礦井涌水量。研究表明：開采2#煤層時,采用大井法估算的礦井涌水量為99.36m3/h,數(shù)值法計算的礦井涌水量為140.4m3/h,且太灰含水層水位在疏降70天時低于臨界水位；開采11#煤層時,采用大井法估算的礦井涌水量為400.41m3/h,數(shù)值法計算的礦井涌水量為396m3/h,且奧灰含水層水位在疏降90天時已低于臨界水位。預(yù)測結(jié)果可作為研究區(qū)制定有效的防治水措施和安全生產(chǎn)的依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:The influence of coal mining on groundwater is a continuous and dynamic process. Coal mining destroys the aquifer in the original stratum and changes the balance state of recharge and discharge of natural groundwater. As a result, the groundwater level in the affected area decreases and the aquifer drains, the already fragile groundwater system becomes more and more complex. With the enlargement of coal mining scale and the deepening of coal mining depth, water inrush accidents occur frequently in the limestone aquifer of coal seam roof and floor. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the variation law of karst groundwater seepage field under the condition of coal seam mining and predict mine water inrush for safe coal mining. Based on the results, a numerical simulation study of mine water inflow is carried out in a coal mine in Shanxi province.
The geological and hydrogeological conditions in the study area are comprehensively analyzed with the aid of the basic data of hydrogeological exploration, pumping test and hydrochemical characteristics, and the three-dimensional seepage system with heterogeneous anisotropy is generalized by combining the analysis of mine water-filling source and water-filling channel, and the limestone of Carboniferous Taiyuan Formation and the peak of Ordovician Formation are established. The mathematical model of groundwater flow in karst area with limestone as aquifer is established. The parameters of the model are identified and validated by finite difference numerical method through the discretization of space and time, the determination of solution conditions, the treatment of source and sink terms and the preliminary determination of hydrogeological zoning parameters. Numerical simulation model of water inflow volume.
The dangerous zoning of water inrush of Taiyuan Formation limestone and 11# Fengfeng Formation limestone aquifer on the floor of 2# coal seam is determined by the method of water inrush coefficient. The dangerous zones of water inrush of Taiyuan Formation limestone on the floor of 2# coal seam and 11# coal seam in Fengfeng Formation limestone on the floor of 11# coal seam account for 3.74% and 11.26% of the total area of the study area respectively. The paper predicts the time needed when the karst water level reaches the safe water head and the mine water inflow. The research shows that the mine water inflow estimated by the large well method is 99.36 m3/h, the mine water inflow calculated by the numerical method is 140.4 m3/h, and the Taihuai aquifer is too lime. The water level is lower than the critical water level at 70 days of dredging, the mine water inflow estimated by large well method is 400.41m3/h, the mine water inflow calculated by numerical method is 396m3/h, and the water level of Ordovician limestone aquifer is lower than the critical water level at 90 days of dredging. The basis for it.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TD742

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