【摘要】：當前粉塵危害問題依然嚴重,粉塵導致的生產(chǎn)事故及塵肺病患者人數(shù)增加、環(huán)境粉塵治理刻不容緩。粉塵檢測作為粉塵治理的前端重要工作,是不可或缺的重要一環(huán)�，F(xiàn)場工作表明濕度對直讀式粉塵檢測儀具有影響,這也是直讀式粉塵濃度檢測技術亟待解決的難題。本文在分析比較目前粉塵濃度檢測方法的基礎上,通過對基于β射線法和光散射法的測塵進行誤差分析,得出了濕度對粉塵濃度檢測的影響規(guī)律,提出了測塵中和測塵后的兩類濕度校正的方法,主要研究成果如下:(1)理論研究方面。根據(jù)β射線和光散射理論吸收理論,建立了粉塵濃度與檢測因素的數(shù)學模型,分析出可導致直讀式粉塵濃度檢測結果改變的因素,分析了各因素的實際含義和引入誤差的可能性大小,為研究濕度對粉塵濃度檢測儀器檢測結果的影響規(guī)律提供了參考依據(jù)。(2)影響規(guī)律方面。為了在研究濕度因素之前消除其他因素對實驗結果造成的影響,實驗分析驗證了溫度、風速、粉塵類型等對檢測結果的影響程度。實驗表明,合理控制這些變量能夠影響實驗結果,從而得到了環(huán)境濕度對直讀式粉塵濃度檢測的影響變化規(guī)律。(3)改進措施方面。基于現(xiàn)有除濕技術,提出了消除濕度導致的直讀式測塵誤差校正方法,實現(xiàn)對直讀式測塵結果的校正。通過檢測過程中的消除方法和測后校正公式消除方法進行誤差的消除或結果的校正,實現(xiàn)從不同階段消除濕度的影響;根據(jù)實驗和應用效果,比較了測中和測后消除的除濕程度,并提出了應用于實際的可行性。課題的實施基于實驗室粉塵濃度標定系統(tǒng)所搭建的實驗環(huán)境,分析了濕度因素對測塵的影響規(guī)律;對所提出的濕度校正對策措施進行了效果對比。論文研究證明:基于β射線法和光散射法的直讀式粉塵濃度檢測儀會受環(huán)境濕度的影響,導致測塵誤差;且相對濕度從50%RH開始,粉塵濃度誤差呈現(xiàn)增大趨勢。比較兩種對濕度進行校正的方法的效果。測中消除法能一定程度降低濕度對直讀式粉塵濃度檢測的影響,且具有較好的重復性。
[Abstract]:At present, the dust hazard problem is still serious, the number of dust accidents and pneumoconiosis patients increases, the environmental dust treatment is urgent. As a front-end work of dust treatment, dust detection is an indispensable important link. The field work shows that the humidity has influence on the direct reading dust detector, which is also a difficult problem to be solved in the direct reading dust concentration detection technology. Based on the analysis and comparison of the present methods of dust concentration measurement, the influence of humidity on dust concentration detection is obtained by analyzing the error of dust measurement based on 尾 ray method and light scattering method. Two methods of humidity correction after dust neutralization are proposed. The main results are as follows: (1) theoretical research. According to the absorption theory of 尾 ray and light scattering theory, a mathematical model of dust concentration and detection factors is established, and the factors that can lead to the change of the results of direct reading dust concentration detection are analyzed. The actual meaning of various factors and the possibility of introducing errors are analyzed, which provides a reference for the study of the influence of humidity on the test results of dust concentration detection instruments. (2) the influence law. In order to eliminate the influence of other factors on the experimental results before the humidity factor was studied, the influence of temperature, wind speed and dust type on the test results was analyzed and verified. The experimental results show that reasonable control of these variables can affect the experimental results, and the influence of environmental humidity on direct reading dust concentration detection is obtained. (3) improvement measures. Based on the existing dehumidification technology, a correction method of direct reading dust measurement error caused by humidity is proposed to correct the results of direct reading dust measurement. The effect of humidity can be eliminated from different stages by eliminating the error or correcting the result by eliminating the error in the process of detection and the method of eliminating the correction formula after the measurement, according to the effect of experiment and application, The dehumidification degree of neutralization and post-test is compared, and the feasibility of applying it to practice is put forward. Based on the experimental environment set up by the calibration system of dust concentration in laboratory, the effect of humidity factors on dust measurement is analyzed, and the effect of humidity correction countermeasures is compared. The paper proves that the direct reading dust concentration detector based on 尾 ray method and light scattering method will be affected by environmental humidity, which will lead to dust measurement error, and the dust concentration error will increase from relative humidity to 50%RH. Compare the effects of two methods for humidity correction. The method of elimination in measurement can reduce the effect of humidity on the direct reading dust concentration to a certain extent and has good repeatability.
【學位授予單位】：重慶科技學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X964

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