【摘要】：中庭建筑自20世紀80年代被建筑師越來越多地采用，其貫穿性給人們帶來美好視覺享受的同時，也使火災煙氣蔓延不受限制，給人民生命財產安全帶來巨大威脅。鑒于前人對中庭煙氣控制的研究較少考慮環(huán)境的影響，本文將對其影響進行分析和研究。 本文介紹了中庭火災危險性和煙氣控制方法，根據文獻資料分析歸納了性能化安全疏散指標，并以大空間實驗廳為原型，建立建筑模型對中庭煙氣行為進行模擬分析和研究。首先，，分析了室內溫度對早期火災煙氣上升高度及火災過程中建筑內溫度改變的影響，理論計算表明，30m以下、溫度梯度不超過1℃/m的中庭，發(fā)生2MW以上功率的火災，煙羽流通�？梢缘竭_頂棚。模擬計算表明，室內溫度越高、溫度梯度越大，對火災早期煙氣上升的阻礙作用越大。其次，分析了外界風對自然排煙的影響，結果表明，垂直風使較高處煙氣溫度下降，使較低處煙氣溫度上升，平行風使中庭內煙氣溫度整體下降。垂直風速超過3m/s，煙氣層下降速度加快。羽流傾斜角度隨垂直風速增大而增大，風速為5m/s，羽流嚴重傾斜，幾乎貼近地面。超過一定速度的外界風會降低排煙效率，并使較低位置CO和CO_2濃度減小，卻基本不會改變環(huán)境中O_2含量，而使能見度條件有明顯改善。最后通過工程案例的模擬分析發(fā)現，在保證排煙量的前提下，考慮環(huán)境條件的影響，采取自然排煙方式亦可以滿足人員疏散要求，實現良好的排煙效果。
[Abstract]:Atrium architecture has been used more and more by architects since 1980s. The penetration of atrium architecture not only brings beautiful visual enjoyment to people, but also makes fire smoke spread unrestrained and brings great threat to the safety of people's life and property. In view of the previous research on atrium smoke control less consideration of the impact of the environment, this paper will analyze and study its impact. In this paper, the fire hazard and smoke control methods in atrium are introduced, and the performance-based safety evacuation index is summarized according to the literature data, and the building model is established to simulate and study the smoke behavior in atrium, taking the large space laboratory as the prototype. Firstly, the influence of indoor temperature on the rising height of flue gas and the change of building temperature during early fire is analyzed. The theoretical calculation shows that fire occurs in atrium with temperature gradient below 30 m and temperature gradient less than 1 鈩

本文編號：2161159