本文選題：無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò) + 人員定位　； 參考：《華中科技大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來，我國煤炭產(chǎn)業(yè)在能源領(lǐng)域所起作用越來越多重要，煤礦生產(chǎn)的安全問題也日益受到各方面的關(guān)注。基于我國煤礦分布特征和生產(chǎn)條件，煤炭開采中人工作業(yè)所占的比例大，因此無論從日常生產(chǎn)的管理效率出發(fā)，還是從礦難發(fā)生時的救援出發(fā)，煤炭企業(yè)需要了解作業(yè)人員在煤礦井下的準(zhǔn)確位置分布。目前大部分煤礦使用的安全生產(chǎn)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)并不能滿足企業(yè)的需要，，因此設(shè)計具有準(zhǔn)確性與實時性的井下人員定位系統(tǒng)具有重要意義。 基于上述情況，本文對適用于井下的人員定位技術(shù)進行研究，設(shè)計符合要求的井下人員定位系統(tǒng)。煤礦井下屬于封閉環(huán)境，且地形復(fù)雜、環(huán)境干擾嚴(yán)重，在實現(xiàn)人員的定位的同時，也需要對環(huán)境參數(shù)進行監(jiān)控。本文選用無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)進行煤礦的安全監(jiān)控與人員定位，充分發(fā)揮其集無線通信、數(shù)據(jù)采集與信息處理等功能于一體，具有自組織性的特點。通過對不同條件下無線信號在室內(nèi)衰減程度的分析，利用無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的接收信號強度標(biāo)識進行定位，并針對巷道的一維特性，對加權(quán)質(zhì)心定位算法進行改進，在保證良好定位效果的同時減少了節(jié)點布置密度，降低算法復(fù)雜度和系統(tǒng)成本。 利用無線信號進行定位，無法避免環(huán)境因素的干擾，為了進一步提高定位精度，引入屬于自主性定位的慣性導(dǎo)航技術(shù)作為定位輔助，保證定位系統(tǒng)能在井下惡劣的環(huán)境運行。本文主要設(shè)計具有實時性的姿態(tài)方位參考系統(tǒng)，并基于人員行走的姿態(tài)特征，根據(jù)腳部姿態(tài)角變化，設(shè)計零速修正技術(shù)，克服慣性導(dǎo)航中誤差積累的問題，使其適用于人員定位，從而提高無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)定位的效果。 最后，本文對井下人員定位系統(tǒng)提出整體設(shè)計方案，給出本文定位方法的軟件與硬件模塊的實現(xiàn)，并設(shè)計定位系統(tǒng)地面監(jiān)控與數(shù)據(jù)庫部分，構(gòu)成完整的煤礦井下人員定位系統(tǒng)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China's coal industry plays a more and more important role in the field of energy, and the safety of coal production has been paid more and more attention. Based on the distribution characteristics and production conditions of coal mines in China, the proportion of manual work in coal mining is large. Therefore, whether from the efficiency of daily production management or from the rescue of mine accidents, Coal enterprises need to know the exact location of workers in the coal mine. At present, most of the safety production monitoring systems used in coal mines can not meet the needs of enterprises, so it is of great significance to design the accurate and real-time positioning system for underground personnel. Based on the above situation, this paper studies the personnel positioning technology suitable for underground, and designs the downhole personnel positioning system that meets the requirements. The underground coal mine belongs to the closed environment, and the topography is complex, and the environment interference is serious, so it is necessary to monitor and control the environmental parameters while realizing the positioning of the personnel. In this paper, wireless sensor network is used for coal mine safety monitoring and personnel positioning, and its functions such as wireless communication, data acquisition and information processing are brought into full play. It has the characteristics of self-organization. By analyzing the attenuation degree of wireless signal in the room under different conditions, using the received signal strength mark in wireless sensor network to locate, and aiming at the one-dimensional characteristic of roadway, the weighted centroid localization algorithm is improved. At the same time, the node layout density is reduced, the algorithm complexity and the system cost are reduced. In order to further improve the positioning accuracy, the inertial navigation technology, which belongs to autonomous positioning, is introduced to ensure the positioning system can operate in a bad environment. In this paper, a real-time attitude azimuth reference system is designed. Based on the attitude characteristics of human walking and the change of foot attitude angle, a zero-speed correction technique is designed to overcome the problem of error accumulation in inertial navigation. It is suitable for personnel positioning, so as to improve the effect of wireless sensor network location. Finally, this paper puts forward the overall design scheme of the downhole personnel positioning system, gives the realization of the software and hardware modules of the positioning method in this paper, and designs the surface monitoring and database part of the positioning system, which constitutes a complete underground personnel positioning system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TD76

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