本文選題：校車安全 + 管理��； 參考：《江西師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)前我國有越來越多的兒童乘坐各種非正規(guī)的校車，往返于學(xué)校與家庭之間。這些校車既不能滿足兒童身心需要，又不能保障他們的生命安全。近年來頻繁發(fā)生的校車安全事故，也一再引起人們對校車安全事故的關(guān)注。政府相關(guān)部門為應(yīng)對校車安全問題，及時采取了措施進行治理。然而，基礎(chǔ)教育階段校車安全隱患依然存在，校車安全問題尚未從根本上得到治理。 我國校車安全管理既有國家部門立法，也有地方性政策法規(guī)進行規(guī)范，但這些政策法規(guī)仍有缺失，且執(zhí)行不力。同時，筆者選取了近年來發(fā)生的、具有代表性的兩起校車安全事故，以及江西省高安市藍天幼兒園進行個案考查，來了解當(dāng)前我國基礎(chǔ)教育階段校車安全管理現(xiàn)狀。以上研究表明，我國校車安全安全管理存在如下問題：相關(guān)主體責(zé)任不明；校車使用許可制度缺失；校車司機聘用制度存在漏洞；校車超載超速現(xiàn)象嚴重；民辦園校車管理不規(guī)范。究其因，主要是因為校車立法缺失執(zhí)行不力，校車安全缺乏經(jīng)費保障，以及公眾校車安全意識薄弱。 美國在校車安全管理上堅持人本理念，，注重公益支持；從聯(lián)邦政府、州政府到地方政府，都進行了較為完備的校車立法，并且形成了聯(lián)邦、州，以及地方政府三級共同管理的校車安全管理體制。從美國校車安全管理中，可以總結(jié)出我國基礎(chǔ)教育階段校車安全管理可資借鑒的經(jīng)驗。 為改善我國基礎(chǔ)教育階段校車安全管理，首先，應(yīng)加大政府的主導(dǎo)力度，把校車納入公共服務(wù)體系，建立完善校車法律體系，嚴格校車安全監(jiān)管制度，建立校車財政保障機制；其次，應(yīng)充分發(fā)揮市場機制的作用，確立合理的商業(yè)運營模式，落實校車運營商資助政策；最后，還要強化公眾校車安全意識，重視校車安全教育宣傳，充分發(fā)揮各類媒體宣傳功能，建立校車安全研究協(xié)會。
[Abstract]:At present, more and more children travel between school and family on various kinds of informal school buses. These school buses can neither meet the physical and mental needs of children nor guarantee their safety. In recent years, the frequent school bus safety accidents have also aroused people's attention to school bus safety accidents. Relevant government departments to deal with school bus safety issues, timely measures to deal with. However, the hidden dangers of school bus safety still exist in the basic education stage, and the safety problem of school bus has not been fundamentally dealt with. The safety management of school bus in our country is not only regulated by national department legislation but also regulated by local policies and regulations, but these policies and regulations are still lacking, and the enforcement is weak. At the same time, the author selected two representative school bus safety accidents in recent years, as well as Gaoan City, Jiangxi Province Blue Sky Kindergarten case study, in order to understand the current situation of school bus safety management in the basic education stage of our country. The above research shows that the safety management of school bus in China has the following problems: the responsibility of relevant subjects is unclear; the system of school bus use permit is missing; the system of employing school bus drivers has loopholes; the phenomenon of overloading and speeding of school bus is serious; The management of private-run school bus is not standardized. The main reason is the lack of enforcement of school bus legislation, the lack of funding protection for school bus safety, and the lack of public awareness of school bus safety. The United States adheres to the concept of humanism in the management of school bus safety and pays attention to public welfare support. From the federal, state to local governments, the United States has carried out relatively complete school bus legislation, and has formed a federal, state, And the local government three-level joint management of school bus safety management system. From the safety management of American school bus, we can sum up the experience of school bus safety management in the basic education stage of our country. In order to improve the school bus safety management in the basic education stage of our country, firstly, we should strengthen the leading force of the government, bring the school bus into the public service system, establish and perfect the school bus law system, strictly supervise the school bus safety system, and establish the school bus financial guarantee mechanism. Secondly, we should give full play to the role of the market mechanism, establish a reasonable business operation model, and implement the school bus operator subsidy policy. Finally, we should strengthen the public awareness of school bus safety and attach importance to the school bus safety education and publicity. Give full play to all kinds of media publicity function, set up school bus safety research association.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：U492.8

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本文編號：2055063