本文選題：DEM + 地形識別��； 參考：《桂林電子科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在災害救援過程中,為保證救援效率,縮短抵達時間并便于開展救災工作,需要在受災點周圍選擇一塊平坦區(qū)域作為工作場地,并在受災點和平坦區(qū)域間規(guī)劃合理的救援路線。盡管借助電子地圖如百度、高德地圖等可以方便地搜索路線,但災害可能會毀壞道路,且一些偏遠地區(qū)的電子地圖也并不完善,這使得電子地圖無法提供合適的路線。此時,以數(shù)字高程模型(Digital Elevation Model,DEM)為依據,找到一條新的通行路線是救援的關鍵。針對上述問題,本文基于DEM數(shù)據,在研究現(xiàn)有的平坦區(qū)域查找和尋路算法的基礎上,針對災害救援中的區(qū)域選擇和路徑規(guī)劃需求,結合了地形識別、A*尋路算法和地理信息系統(tǒng)(Geographic Information System,GIS),提出了一種平坦區(qū)域的查找算法和一種基于DEM數(shù)據的A*尋路算法,并依托NASA發(fā)布的World Wind數(shù)字地球的Java版本作為二次開發(fā)的平臺,設計并實現(xiàn)了救援工作開展區(qū)域選擇及救援路徑規(guī)劃軟件。主要工作如下:(1)針對平坦區(qū)域查找的問題,提出利用0/1矩陣的最大全1子矩陣查找算法解決。其思路是首先采用坡度或高程標準差運算對感興趣區(qū)(Region Of Interest,ROI)中的DEM數(shù)據進行地形平坦度計算,再通過給定的閾值生成與規(guī)則網格DEM數(shù)據對應的0/1矩陣,最后通過查找0/1矩陣的最大全1子矩陣實現(xiàn)平坦區(qū)域的查找。(2)針對路徑規(guī)劃的問題,提出一種基于規(guī)則網格DEM數(shù)據的A*尋路新算法,以距離與坡度作為評價函數(shù)中的指標,通過對評價函數(shù)的設計,一方面消除距離與坡度不同量綱帶來的影響,另一方面滿足一個約束條件即:路徑中的坡度不應超過救援設備(車輛)或救援人員的最大爬坡能力,在此前提下,救援路徑的距離應當盡可能短。在此基礎上,設計了基于分辨率的完備性函數(shù)g(n)的動態(tài)計算模型;并進一步構建了基于坡度和距離的啟發(fā)性函數(shù)h(n)。仿真測試結果表明,新構建的A*算法在龐大的DEM數(shù)據中能夠快速搜索出一條合適的路徑,具有較高的搜索效率。(3)基于World Wind開發(fā)平臺,針對災害救援需求設計和實現(xiàn)了災害救援規(guī)劃軟件原型,該軟件功能包括數(shù)據處理、基于0/1矩陣的平坦區(qū)域選擇、基于設計的新A*算法的路線搜索、以及搜索的區(qū)域和路徑在數(shù)字地球中以3D的形式顯示等功能。
[Abstract]:In the process of disaster rescue, in order to ensure the efficiency of rescue, shorten the arrival time and facilitate the disaster relief work, it is necessary to select a flat area around the disaster site as the work site, and to plan a reasonable rescue route between the disaster spot and the flat area. Although electronic maps such as Baidu and Amap can be used to easily search for routes, disasters may destroy roads and some remote areas may not be able to provide the right route because of their imperfections. On the basis of Digital Elevation Model (DEM), finding a new route is the key to rescue. In view of the above problems, based on the DEM data, based on the existing flat area search and path finding algorithm, this paper aims at the needs of regional selection and path planning in disaster relief. In this paper, a flat region search algorithm and an A * path finding algorithm based on DEM data are proposed by combining terrain recognition algorithm with Geographic Information system. Based on the Java version of World Wind Digital Earth released by NASA as the secondary development platform, the software of region selection and rescue path planning for rescue work is designed and implemented. The main work is as follows: (1) to solve the problem of flat region search, we propose to solve the problem by using the maximum total 1 submatrix of 0 / 1 matrix. The idea is to calculate the terrain flatness of the DEM data in the region of interest by using the slope or elevation standard deviation operation, and then to generate the 0 / 1 matrix corresponding to the regular grid DEM data by the given threshold. Finally, to solve the problem of path planning, a new path finding algorithm based on regular grid DEM data is proposed, in which distance and slope are used as indexes in evaluation function. Through the design of evaluation function, on the one hand, the influence of different dimensions of distance and slope is eliminated, on the other hand, a constraint condition is satisfied: the slope in the path should not exceed the maximum climbing ability of rescue equipment (vehicle) or rescuer. On this premise, the distance of the rescue route should be as short as possible. On this basis, the dynamic computing model of completeness function based on resolution is designed, and the heuristic function based on slope and distance is constructed The simulation results show that the newly constructed A * algorithm can quickly search a suitable path in the huge DEM data, and has a higher searching efficiency. It is based on the World Wind development platform. The software prototype of disaster relief planning is designed and implemented for disaster relief needs. The functions of the software include data processing, flat area selection based on 0 / 1 matrix, route search based on the new A* algorithm. And search areas and paths in digital Earth in the form of 3D display and other functions.
【學位授予單位】：桂林電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X4;P208

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 王學武;嚴益鑫;顧幸生;;基于萊維飛行粒子群算法的焊接機器人路徑規(guī)劃[J];控制與決策;2017年02期

2 彭理群;吳超仲;黃珍;楚文慧;賀宜;;考慮駕駛意圖與動態(tài)環(huán)境的汽車避碰路徑規(guī)劃[J];交通運輸系統(tǒng)工程與信息;2016年06期

3 陳靈;王森;胡豁生;麥當勞 麥爾·克勞斯;費敏銳;;保證智能輪椅平滑通過狹窄通道的路徑曲率優(yōu)化算法[J];自動化學報;2016年12期

4 周平;唐新明;曹寧;王霞;李國元;張恒;;SRTM約束的無地面控制立體影像區(qū)域網平差[J];測繪學報;2016年11期

5 徐華龍;殷大發(fā);;礦山三維可視化監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)設計與實現(xiàn)[J];煤礦安全;2016年07期

6 沈笑云;趙元浩;秦芹;周波;徐天宇;褚世超;;通用航空搜救系統(tǒng)設計與實現(xiàn)[J];計算機工程與設計;2016年07期

7 魏祥泉;黃建明;顧冬晴;陳鳳;;火星車自主導航與路徑規(guī)劃技術研究[J];深空探測學報;2016年03期

8 胡自和;劉坡;龔建華;王群;;基于虛擬地球的臺風多維動態(tài)可視化系統(tǒng)的設計與實現(xiàn)[J];武漢大學學報(信息科學版);2015年10期

9 張慧;榮學文;李貽斌;李彬;丁超;張俊文;張勤;;四足機器人地形識別與路徑規(guī)劃算法[J];機器人;2015年05期

10 耿麗麗;甘泉;楊雪;張偉;;測繪應急數(shù)據管理平臺的設計與實現(xiàn)[J];測繪通報;2015年08期

，

本文編號：1900048