本文選題：石化裝置 + 事故統(tǒng)計(jì)��； 參考：《中國(guó)石油大學(xué)（華東）》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：石化行業(yè)的生產(chǎn)安全，不僅關(guān)系著國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，而且與人們的生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)安全息息相關(guān)。石油化工能否安全生產(chǎn)，裝置安全起決定性作用。石化裝置結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，工作環(huán)境惡劣并且生產(chǎn)介質(zhì)一般具有很高的危險(xiǎn)性，因此在生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中具有較高的事故發(fā)生率。在計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)日益發(fā)達(dá)的今天，國(guó)內(nèi)外石化企業(yè)越來(lái)越重視風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制軟件在石化生產(chǎn)中的應(yīng)用。以此為背景，本課題的主要目的是開(kāi)發(fā)一個(gè)集石化裝置事故統(tǒng)計(jì)和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制功能于一體的軟件系統(tǒng)，以降低石化裝置的事故發(fā)生率和減少事故損失。 本文調(diào)研了國(guó)內(nèi)外大量與石化裝置風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制和裝置事故統(tǒng)計(jì)相關(guān)的文獻(xiàn)。在此基礎(chǔ)之上，以現(xiàn)有國(guó)內(nèi)外風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制軟件為參考，為滿足石化裝置風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制的需求，設(shè)計(jì)并完成了石化裝置風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制軟件，并結(jié)合數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)相關(guān)知識(shí)設(shè)計(jì)出合理的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)結(jié)構(gòu)。 本軟件系統(tǒng)共分為系統(tǒng)管理、裝置信息、安全評(píng)價(jià)、安全教育和事故案例五大模塊。事故案例模塊以其他行業(yè)的事故數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)模式為參考，，并結(jié)合石化裝置的特點(diǎn)，確定了適合石化裝置的事故分類方法和事故統(tǒng)計(jì)形式。為了使風(fēng)險(xiǎn)辨識(shí)更有條理性，石化裝置信息采用工藝流程圖和設(shè)備詳細(xì)信息相結(jié)合的展現(xiàn)形式，其中設(shè)備的詳細(xì)信息包括操作條件、介質(zhì)、隱患和曾發(fā)生的事故案例等。安全評(píng)價(jià)模塊在最常用的兩種評(píng)價(jià)方法(危險(xiǎn)度評(píng)價(jià)法、道化學(xué)火災(zāi)爆炸危險(xiǎn)指數(shù)評(píng)價(jià)法)和三種事故后果模擬模型(池火災(zāi)模型、沸騰液體擴(kuò)展蒸汽爆炸模型和蒸汽云爆炸模型)的基礎(chǔ)之上，優(yōu)化了評(píng)價(jià)方法，確定了合理的事故后果模擬模型。安全教育模塊主要是生產(chǎn)中涉及到的法律法規(guī)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范和典型事故案例視頻。 由于催化裂化裝置是石油化工裝置中的骨干裝置，本文特選取催化裂化裝置作為典型實(shí)例對(duì)軟件的功能和作用進(jìn)行了測(cè)試和評(píng)價(jià)，并取得了良好的效果。證明該軟件系統(tǒng)能夠?qū)κa(chǎn)裝置進(jìn)行合理的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)辨識(shí)和安全評(píng)價(jià)，從而較大限度的降低裝置事故發(fā)生率，減少損失，保障石化裝置的安全運(yùn)行。
[Abstract]:The production safety of petrochemical industry is not only related to the development of national economy, but also closely related to people's life and property safety. The safety of plant plays a decisive role in the safety of petrochemical industry. Petrochemical plant has complex structure, bad working environment and high risk of production medium, so it has a high accident rate in production process. With the development of computer technology, domestic and foreign petrochemical enterprises pay more and more attention to the application of risk control software in petrochemical production. Under this background, the main purpose of this paper is to develop a software system which integrates the functions of accident statistics and risk control in petrochemical plant, in order to reduce the accident rate and reduce the accident loss of petrochemical plant. In this paper, a large number of literatures related to petrochemical plant risk control and plant accident statistics have been investigated at home and abroad. On this basis, taking the existing risk control software at home and abroad as a reference, to meet the demand of petrochemical plant risk control, a petrochemical unit risk control software is designed and completed, and a reasonable database structure is designed by combining the relevant knowledge of database. The software system is divided into five modules: system management, installation information, safety evaluation, safety education and accident cases. Based on the accident database model of other industries and the characteristics of petrochemical units, the accident classification method and accident statistical form suitable for petrochemical units are determined in the accident case module. In order to make risk identification more orderly, petrochemical plant information is presented in combination of process flow chart and equipment detail information, including operating conditions, medium, hidden trouble and accident cases. Safety assessment module in the most common two evaluation methods (hazard assessment method, road chemical fire explosion risk index evaluation method) and three accident consequences simulation model (pool fire model), Based on the expanded steam explosion model and cloud explosion model of boiling liquid, the evaluation method is optimized and a reasonable simulation model of accident consequence is established. Safety education module is mainly involved in the production of laws and regulations, standards and typical accident cases video. Since the FCC unit is the backbone of the petrochemical unit, this paper selected the FCC unit as a typical example to test and evaluate the function and function of the software, and achieved good results. It is proved that the software system can carry out reasonable risk identification and safety evaluation of petrochemical production units, thus greatly reducing the accident rate, reducing losses and ensuring the safe operation of petrochemical plants.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)石油大學(xué)（華東）
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TQ086;TE65

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