本文選題：礦井救災(zāi) + 救生艙�。� 參考：《西安科技大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：在我國煤礦事故頻繁發(fā)生，而且由于事故救災(zāi)措施及設(shè)施不完善，經(jīng)常造成重大人員傷亡。因此，為了避免事故造成人員傷亡，國家安全生產(chǎn)總局提出了在礦井下建立礦井救災(zāi)“六大避難系統(tǒng)”，礦用救生艙就是其中之一。然而礦用救生艙內(nèi)的空調(diào)系統(tǒng)還沒有一個統(tǒng)一方案。本文在查閱相關(guān)國內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，對8人礦井固定救生艙中的空調(diào)系統(tǒng)做了比較深入的研究，為礦用救生艙內(nèi)空調(diào)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計提供了選擇依據(jù)。 首先，對礦用救生艙內(nèi)空調(diào)負(fù)荷進(jìn)行了分析，并提出了可行的計算方法，對所研究的救生艙而言，在96h艙內(nèi)得熱量為7.1×105KJ，散濕量為96.12kg，耗氧量為1234.3mol，放出CO_2量為1028.57mol。 其次，從保證艙內(nèi)空氣品質(zhì)出發(fā)，對艙內(nèi)的CO_2、CO的處理方法及供氧方式進(jìn)行研究。研究表明：從經(jīng)濟(jì)上和占用救生艙內(nèi)有效容積考慮，選用Na2O2吸收法處理CO_2比較合理；處理CO采用活性炭和稀釋相結(jié)合的方法；供氧方式優(yōu)先選用壓風(fēng)管道，若壓風(fēng)管道破壞，則采用化學(xué)供氧和儲存氧相結(jié)合的方法；過渡艙內(nèi)設(shè)置空氣幕保證艙內(nèi)正壓。 第三，提出了救生艙的6種空調(diào)系統(tǒng)方案，包括防爆空調(diào)系統(tǒng)（方案I），CO_2空調(diào)系統(tǒng)（方案II），NH_3系統(tǒng)（方案III），固體吸附系統(tǒng)（方案IV），冰蓄冷系統(tǒng)（方案V）以及渦流管制冷系統(tǒng)（方案VI）。 第四，從安全、經(jīng)濟(jì)、占用救生艙內(nèi)有效容積、可靠運(yùn)行等方面研究了上述各方案的特征。得出單獨(dú)利用渦流管制冷技術(shù)需求壓縮空氣量過于龐大，不適宜單獨(dú)應(yīng)用于救生艙制冷技術(shù)；從安全角度分析，CO_2，NH_3系統(tǒng)在使用時要注意防漏，使用這兩種方案時，需考慮可能帶來的影響；固體吸附及蓄冷空調(diào)技術(shù)是比較好的方案，通過對除方案VI外各空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的現(xiàn)值成本分析，得出PCI=59193.6元，PCII=74289.8元，PCIII=19667.9元，PCIV=47606.98元，PCV=76719.97元，可以看出PCI最低其次是PCIV。從安全、占有救生艙內(nèi)有效容積及現(xiàn)值成本綜合考慮分析，最佳方案為固體吸附制冷系統(tǒng)。
[Abstract]:Coal mine accidents occur frequently in our country and often cause heavy casualties due to imperfect disaster relief measures and facilities. Therefore, in order to avoid casualties caused by accidents, the State Administration of Safety and production has proposed the establishment of "six refuge systems" for mine disaster relief under the mine, among which mine lifebuoys are one of them. However, there is no unified scheme for air conditioning system in mine lifebuoys. On the basis of consulting relevant domestic and foreign literature, this paper makes a deep research on the air conditioning system in the fixed lifebuoy of 8 people mine, which provides the basis for the selection of the air conditioning system design in the mine lifebuoy cabin. Firstly, the air conditioning load in mine lifebuoy is analyzed, and a feasible calculation method is put forward. For the cabin studied, the heat is 7.1 脳 10 ~ 5KJ, the moisture dissipation is 96.12 kg, the oxygen consumption is 1234.3 mol, and the CO_2 is 1028.57 mol in 96 h cabin. Secondly, in order to ensure the air quality in the cabin, the treatment method and oxygen supply method of CO2CO in the cabin are studied. The results show that it is reasonable to choose Na2O2 absorption method to treat CO_2 in terms of economy and effective volume in the cabin, to treat CO by combining activated carbon with dilution, and to use pressurized air pipe as the first way of oxygen supply, if the pressurized air pipe is destroyed, The method of chemical oxygen supply and storage oxygen is adopted, and the positive pressure in the cabin is ensured by air curtain in the transition chamber. Thirdly, six schemes of air conditioning system for the lifebuoy are proposed, including the explosion-proof air conditioning system (I / O / C / 2) system (scheme II / I / NH / 3 system), the solid adsorption system (scheme IV / V), the ice storage system (scheme VV) and the vortex tube refrigeration system (scheme VI). Fourthly, the characteristics of the above schemes are studied from the aspects of safety, economy, effective volume occupied in lifebuoy, reliable operation and so on. It is concluded that the amount of compressed air required for refrigeration by vortex tube alone is too large to be applied to the refrigeration technology of lifebuoys alone. From the point of view of safety, it is necessary to pay attention to leakage prevention in the use of the CO2T / NH3 system, and when using these two schemes, The technology of solid adsorption and cold storage air conditioning is a better scheme. By analyzing the present value cost of air conditioning system except for scheme VI, it is concluded that PCI=59193.6 yuan / PCIII (74289.8 yuan) or PCIII19667.9 yuan / PCVV / 47606.98 yuan / PCV $76719.97 is the lowest. Considering the safety, effective volume and present value cost, the best scheme is solid adsorption refrigeration system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TD774

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