本文選題：深孔預(yù)裂爆破 + 滲透性��； 參考：《西安科技大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國煤層開采深度的增加，煤層滲透性隨之減小，從而嚴(yán)重制約了煤層瓦斯抽采率和抽采效果，煤礦安全形勢越來越嚴(yán)峻。本文通過理論分析、實(shí)驗(yàn)室試驗(yàn)和數(shù)值模擬分析相結(jié)合的方法系統(tǒng)地研究深孔預(yù)裂爆破致裂機(jī)理、提高煤層瓦斯抽采和促進(jìn)安全快速掘進(jìn)的作用機(jī)理。并結(jié)合潞安集團(tuán)五陽煤礦的現(xiàn)場實(shí)測數(shù)據(jù)，確定適合采掘工作面鉆孔布置及爆破參數(shù)的最優(yōu)方案。針對低透氣性高瓦斯煤層瓦斯抽采難題，本文提出采取深孔預(yù)裂爆破配合巷幫預(yù)抽瓦斯的技術(shù)。 首先，分析本課題研究所涉及到的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀，煤樣的全應(yīng)力應(yīng)變過程的滲透性試驗(yàn)表明裂隙的產(chǎn)生對滲透率的提高有極大作用，煤巖的主裂隙是突然產(chǎn)生并擴(kuò)展的，并伴隨滲透率的陡然增加，在滲透率峰值點(diǎn)滲透率增加41.4%~65%。 其次，深入討論深孔預(yù)裂爆破增透強(qiáng)化抽采瓦斯技術(shù)措施的方案設(shè)計(jì)，尤其是對粉碎圈半徑、裂隙圈半徑的理論計(jì)算，確定爆炸能量和裂隙發(fā)育之間的關(guān)系，深孔預(yù)裂爆破對巷幫和頂部的影響進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的分析研究。 最后，比較爆破前后鉆孔瓦斯抽采濃度和抽放量，在同等條件下，提高鉆孔瓦斯抽采濃度和瓦斯抽放量，大大縮短抽放時間；爆破后煤層頂板破壞情況與爆破前相比變化不大，表明爆破對煤層頂板影響較小。 從現(xiàn)場試驗(yàn)的效果看，深孔預(yù)裂爆破試驗(yàn)增透效果顯著提高了煤體透氣性，，提高瓦斯抽采濃度和抽采量，最佳的抽采半徑區(qū)域?yàn)?～5m，表明對于低透氣性煤層進(jìn)行深孔預(yù)裂爆破增透抽采瓦斯是一種行之有效的方案。
[Abstract]:With the increase of coal seam mining depth in China, the permeability of coal seam decreases, which seriously restricts the coal seam gas extraction rate and extraction effect, and the coal mine safety situation is becoming more and more serious.In this paper, the mechanism of deep-hole pre-splitting blasting is systematically studied by means of theoretical analysis, laboratory test and numerical simulation analysis, so as to improve the mechanism of coal seam gas extraction and safe and fast driving.Combined with the field measured data of Wuyang Coal Mine of Lu'an Group, the optimum scheme for drilling arrangement and blasting parameters of mining face is determined.In view of the difficult problem of gas extraction in coal seam with low permeability and high gas permeability, this paper puts forward the technology of deep hole pre-splitting blasting combined with roadway pre-drainage.First of all, the present research situation at home and abroad involved in this research is analyzed. The permeability tests of coal samples in the process of full stress and strain show that the formation of fractures plays a great role in the increase of permeability, and the main fractures of coal and rock are suddenly produced and expanded.With the sudden increase of permeability, the permeability increases by 41.4% at the peak of permeability.Secondly, the scheme design of deep hole pre-splitting blasting anti-reflection and intensified gas drainage is discussed, especially the theoretical calculation of the radius of comminuted ring and crack circle, and the relationship between explosion energy and crack development is determined.The effect of deep hole pre-splitting blasting on the side and top of roadway was analyzed and studied in detail.Finally, the concentration and quantity of gas drainage in borehole before and after blasting are compared. Under the same conditions, the concentration and quantity of gas drainage in borehole are increased, and the drainage time is greatly shortened, and the failure of roof of coal seam after blasting has little change compared with that before blasting.It shows that blasting has little influence on coal seam roof.From the effect of field test, the antireflection effect of deep-hole pre-splitting blasting test has significantly improved the gas permeability of coal body, the concentration of gas extraction and the amount of gas extraction.The optimum extraction radius is 3 ~ 5 m, which indicates that it is an effective scheme to carry out deep-hole pre-splitting blasting in low-permeability coal seam.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TD712

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