本文選題：聯(lián)防模式 + 溢油　； 參考：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)今時(shí)代，隨著全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的推進(jìn)，海洋運(yùn)輸已然成為貨物貿(mào)易的重要運(yùn)輸方式之一。然而，由于進(jìn)出港船舶數(shù)量的增加，船舶種類的復(fù)雜性與多樣性的發(fā)展，港口、航道、錨地等的通航環(huán)境變得愈加復(fù)雜，從而導(dǎo)致船舶溢油污染海洋事故時(shí)有發(fā)生。發(fā)生污染事故后不僅危及了船舶自身航行、貨物的安全，還對(duì)水域環(huán)境造成嚴(yán)重以至于無法復(fù)原的危害，，同時(shí)，也會(huì)給社會(huì)帶來嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。因此，建立既能滿足采取有效的措施防止水上溢油事故的發(fā)生，在事故發(fā)生后啟動(dòng)合理的應(yīng)急預(yù)案及時(shí)調(diào)集相關(guān)的人員、設(shè)備，確保將造成的危害降到最低，又能滿足在進(jìn)行溢油應(yīng)急設(shè)備配備時(shí)不造成物資、財(cái)產(chǎn)的浪費(fèi)的區(qū)域溢油應(yīng)急聯(lián)防體系，有著十分重大的意義。 目前，國內(nèi)還沒有針對(duì)溢油應(yīng)急聯(lián)防模式下的應(yīng)急設(shè)備配備要求、配備方式及方法給出明確的技術(shù)性文件，解決如何進(jìn)行應(yīng)急設(shè)備資源的優(yōu)化、整合和統(tǒng)一調(diào)配使用的問題，本文針對(duì)此類問題展開研究，探尋溢油應(yīng)急設(shè)備配備時(shí)避免財(cái)物的浪費(fèi)，同時(shí)滿足港口實(shí)際生產(chǎn)的要求的方法。 本文從區(qū)域溢油應(yīng)急聯(lián)防模式的確立著手，概述了廣義聯(lián)防體和狹義聯(lián)防體的區(qū)分，提出了聯(lián)防單元的概念；在此基礎(chǔ)上利用了溢油模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)，確定了聯(lián)防范圍；確定聯(lián)防范圍后，將影響聯(lián)防溢油量的各因子量化，并且建立了層次分析模型，采用加權(quán)求和的方法，求出聯(lián)防區(qū)域的溢油量；利用溢油事故的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素、應(yīng)急響應(yīng)效率、以及區(qū)域環(huán)境敏感區(qū)等為約束性條件，確定區(qū)域內(nèi)需配備的設(shè)備數(shù)量及配備方式，最后，利用相關(guān)算法，確定聯(lián)防體系中溢油應(yīng)急設(shè)備的存放地點(diǎn)，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)聯(lián)防體系的整體優(yōu)化。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, with the development of global economic integration, ocean transportation has become one of the most important transportation modes in goods trade.However, due to the increase of the number of ships in and out of ports and the development of the complexity and diversity of ship types, the navigable environment of ports, waterways and anchorages becomes more and more complex, which leads to marine accidents caused by oil spills from ships.After the pollution accident, it not only endangers the ship's own navigation and the safety of the cargo, but also causes serious damage to the water environment, which can not be recovered, and at the same time, it will bring serious economic losses to the society.Therefore, the establishment can not only satisfy the need to take effective measures to prevent oil spills from happening on the water, but also start a reasonable emergency plan after the accident to mobilize relevant personnel and equipment in a timely manner to ensure that the harm caused is minimized.And it is of great significance to meet the regional oil spill emergency prevention system which does not cause material and property waste when the oil spill emergency equipment is equipped.At present, China has not provided clear technical documents on the requirements, methods and methods of emergency equipment equipment under the oil spill emergency joint defense mode, so as to solve the problem of how to optimize, integrate and unify the emergency equipment resources, so as to solve the problem of how to optimize, integrate and unify the emergency equipment resources.In this paper, we study this kind of problems, and explore the methods to avoid the waste of property when oil spill emergency equipment is equipped, and to meet the requirements of actual production in port at the same time.This paper begins with the establishment of regional oil spill emergency joint prevention mode, summarizes the distinction between generalized joint defense body and narrow joint defense body, and puts forward the concept of joint defense unit, on the basis of which the joint defense range is determined by using oil spill simulation experiment.After determining the range of joint prevention, the factors that affect the amount of oil spill are quantified, and the analytic hierarchy process model is established. The method of weighted summation is used to calculate the amount of oil spill in the joint prevention area, and the risk factors of oil spill accident are used to improve the efficiency of emergency response.And the sensitive area of regional environment is the binding condition to determine the quantity and mode of equipment to be equipped in the area. Finally, the storage location of the oil spill emergency equipment in the joint prevention system is determined by using the relevant algorithms.Achieve the overall optimization of the joint defense system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U698.7

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