發(fā)布時間：2018-04-17 04:08

  本文選題：富水破碎巖體 + CGM注漿材料��； 參考：《山東大學》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國地下工程建設深度的增加、設計容量的增大,大批交通隧道、礦山井巷和城市地下空間工程投入建設,面臨的水文地質(zhì)條件日趨復雜,時常遭遇由富水破碎地層引起的突涌水、塌方等地質(zhì)災害,對生命財產(chǎn)安全和工程建設造成了極大威脅。因此,富水破碎巖體的注漿治理理論與技術成為地下工程建設中亟需解決的關鍵科學問題。本文針對富水破碎地層的水文地質(zhì)特點和注漿治理時材料性能存在的不足,結合工程實踐經(jīng)驗,充分利用冶金廢棄物鋼渣微粉作為主要原材料研發(fā)了一種適用富水破碎巖體注漿治理的新型水泥基復合材料(CGM),顯著降低了注漿材料制備成本,提高了注漿工程的經(jīng)濟性。通過室內(nèi)系統(tǒng)的材料性能試驗和富水破碎巖體注漿模擬試驗,對比分析了CGM注漿材料性能的優(yōu)越性,結合掃描電鏡分析及X射線測試技術,從微觀角度分析了水泥基注漿材料結石體巖-漿膠結界面模式及劃分依據(jù),揭示了注漿加固作用機理。實現(xiàn)了CGM注漿材料工業(yè)化生產(chǎn),并開展了工程現(xiàn)場應用試驗,取得了一系列研究成果。(1)基于水泥基材料復合技術原理,利用正交試驗法與析因?qū)嶒灧ù_定了CGM注漿材料的優(yōu)選配比組成為：熟料-75.33%,鋼渣微粉-5.09%,羥基高聚物-3.67%,羥基氯化物-0.15%,硫酸鹽-5.60%,超塑化劑-2.03%,多聚鋁酸鹽-1.52%,硅化物-7.61%,根據(jù)各組分作用機理提出了最佳含量選取原則。(2)根據(jù)富水破碎巖體注漿治理材料特點,通過室內(nèi)系統(tǒng)性能試驗確定了CGM漿液凝結時間、力學性能的主要影響因素及其作用規(guī)律。CGM注漿材料采用混合粉磨工藝制備時粉磨時間不宜超過45min,在5-40°C溫度范圍內(nèi),能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)漿液初凝時間在39-85min,終凝時間在69～141min范圍的有效調(diào)控。鋼渣微粉含量可根據(jù)工程設計需求進行動態(tài)調(diào)整,在滿足結石體強度要求的同時,可降低材料制備成本和提高工程經(jīng)濟性。(3)采用與傳統(tǒng)水泥材料對比試驗的方法,分析了CGM注漿材料結石體體積和漿液黏度變化機理,確定了材料組分、水灰比、溫度等因素對結石體體積穩(wěn)定性和漿液黏度的影響規(guī)律,并對漿液的穩(wěn)定性和抗分散性進行了測試,實現(xiàn)了漿液性能的動態(tài)調(diào)控。CGM材料制備漿液時,優(yōu)選水灰比為0.8：1-1.2：1,漿液結石體具有微膨脹特性,黏度受溫度影響弱,穩(wěn)定性強,抗?jié)B性好,在水流速為0.5m/s時,水灰比1.2：1時,結石體留存率為72%,顯著高于傳統(tǒng)水泥材料。(4)開展了CGM注漿材料結石體耐久性評價。通過深入分析氯離子和硫酸根離子對材料結石體的作用機理,將侵蝕類型進行了劃分,確定了CGM注漿材料組分與漿液制備條件對結石體抗侵蝕性能的影響。與傳統(tǒng)水泥材料相比,CGM注漿材料中氯離子主要以化合態(tài)存在,游離態(tài)含量低,發(fā)生氯離子侵蝕破壞概率�。辉诹蛩猁}環(huán)境中,早期CGM注漿材料結石體表面可以形成保護層,抵抗硫酸根離子進入,后期鋼渣微粉和硅化物水化吸收活性鈣離子,防止結石體內(nèi)部生產(chǎn)石膏或鈣礬石等礦物引起結石體開裂,提高材料耐久性。(5)采用自主設計的室內(nèi)注漿模擬試驗平臺,開展了富水破碎巖體注漿加固模擬試驗,從微觀角度揭示了注漿加固作用機理。確定影響注漿治理效果的主控因素為注漿材料,其次為注漿壓力和充填介質(zhì)。對于水泥類材料,巖-漿界面水化礦物越多,晶體取向性越強,膠結強度越高。巖-漿界面膠結模由巖石巖性決定,致密度高的灰?guī)r類巖石近似為Ollivier-Grandet模型,類似于砂巖的多孔隙巖石則符合Zimbelinan模型。注漿過程中巖石表面會發(fā)生物理化學變化,在界面區(qū)域產(chǎn)生類巖石礦物,提高膠結強度,改善注漿加固效果。(6)實現(xiàn)了CGM注漿材料的工業(yè)化試驗生產(chǎn),開展了CGM注漿材料現(xiàn)場應用試驗,驗證了新材料具有顯著的性能優(yōu)越性。研究成果在新陽能源有限公司西翼運輸巷道圍巖破碎區(qū)域涌水治理工程中進行應用,取得了良好的效果,產(chǎn)生了顯著的經(jīng)濟和社會效益,具有廣闊的工程應用前景。
[Abstract]:With the increasing depth of underground engineering construction in our country, increasing the design capacity, a large number of traffic tunnel, mine roadway and city underground engineering construction investment, hydrogeological conditions are becoming more and more complex, often encounter water inrush caused by broken water rich strata, landslides and other geological disasters, which caused a great threat to the safety of life and property and the construction of the project. Therefore, the water rich broken rock grouting theory and technology has become a key scientific problem in urgent need of construction of underground engineering solution. Aiming at shortcomings of the broken water rich strata hydrogeological characteristics and grouting material performance, combined with the practical engineering experience, the new cement based composite materials to make full use of metallurgical waste slag powder as the main raw materials research and development of a suitable water rich broken rock grouting (CGM), significantly reduced the grouting material preparation cost, improve the injection The economy of slurry engineering. Through indoor system material performance test and water rich rock mass grouting simulation test, comparative analysis of the superiority of the performance of CGM grouting material, using scanning electron microscopy and X ray testing technology, from the microscopic point of view of the stone cement based grouting material - rock slurry cementing interface model and the basis of classification. The mechanism of grouting reinforcement was revealed. To achieve the CGM grouting materials for industrial production, and the application of the project site to carry out the test, made a series of research results. (1) the principle of cement-based composite materials based on the technique of using the method of orthogonal experiment with factorial experiment method to determine the optimal ratio of CGM grouting material is composed of -75.33% clinker. Steel slag powder -5.09%, hydroxyl polymer -3.67%, hydroxy chloride -0.15%, -5.60% sulfate, -2.03% super plasticizer, poly aluminate -1.52%, -7.61% silicide, according to each component mechanism provided The principle of choosing the best content. (2) according to the water rich broken rock grouting material characteristics, CGM slurry setting time was determined by the indoor system performance test, the mechanical properties of the main influence factors and their effects of.CGM grouting material mixed by grinding process during the preparation of powder grinding time should not exceed 45min at 5-40 DEG C temperature range inside, can realize the grout initial setting time in 39-85min, the final setting time in 69 ~ 141min range. The effective control of steel slag powder content can be dynamically adjusted according to the needs of engineering design, to meet the requirements of the concretion strength at the same time, can reduce the preparation cost of the material and improve the economy of project. (3) using the method with the traditional cement material contrast test, analysis of the CGM grouting material stone volume and slurry viscosity variation mechanism, material composition was determined, water cement ratio, temperature and other factors on the volume stability of slurry and stones Influence of viscosity, and stability of slurry and dispersion resistance were tested, realizing the sizing performance and dynamic regulation of.CGM prepared slurry, preferably water cement ratio of 0.8:1-1.2:1 grout with micro expansion properties, viscosity temperature influence is weak, strong stability, good anti permeability, the water flow rate 0.5m/s, water cement ratio 1.2:1, stone retention rate was 72%, significantly higher than that of traditional cement materials. (4) the CGM grouting material concretion durability evaluation. Through in-depth analysis of chloride and sulfate ions on material stone body mechanism, the erosion types were classified and identified effect of CGM grouting material components and slurry preparation conditions on properties of anti erosion stone body. Compared with the traditional cement materials, CGM grouting material in chloride mainly in the combined state of existence, the free state content is low, occurrence of chloride ion erosion damage probability is small ; in sulfate environment, can form a protective layer of CGM grouting material stone surface resistance of sulfate ions into the early, late, slag powder and silicide hydration activity of calcium absorption, prevent stone body or gypsum minerals such as ettringite cracking stone body, improve the durability of material. (5) by indoor grouting independent design of the simulation platform, the simulation test of grouting reinforcement of water breaking mechanism of grouting reinforcement was revealed from the micro perspective. To determine the main effect of controlled grouting effect factors of grouting materials, grouting pressure and the filling medium for cement materials, rock mineral water slurry - interface more crystal the orientation of the stronger, higher bonding strength. Rock slurry interface cementation die determined by rock lithology, caused by limestone high density approximation for the Ollivier-Grandet model, similar to the porous sandstone Rock is in accordance with the Zimbelinan model. In the process of grouting rock occurs on the surface of physical and chemical changes, like rocks and minerals in the interface region, improve bonding strength, improve the grouting reinforcement effect. (6) the industrial test production of CGM grouting material, carried out the test application of CGM grouting material, verify that the new material has superior performance significant. Application of research results in the new energy Co. Ltd. broken Yang West Wing transport roadway area water gushing treatment project, and achieved good results, resulting in significant economic and social benefits, have a wide application prospect.

【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TD745.2
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本文編號：1761985