本文選題：化工園區(qū)　切入點：擴散模型　出處：《廣州大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來，化工園區(qū)發(fā)展迅速，但常常受到突發(fā)性安全事故的影響，化工行業(yè)的危險性較其他行業(yè)要大，發(fā)生事故的后果也往往比較嚴重。危險化學(xué)品泄露事故頻發(fā)，給社會和生態(tài)環(huán)境帶來了極大的危害。有毒氣體泄漏事故具有突發(fā)性，難以控制。論文介紹了危險化學(xué)品及化學(xué)品事故的特點，并對化學(xué)品事故進行了統(tǒng)計分析。 氣體擴散模型能夠描述泄漏物在大氣中的擴散行為，本文對泄漏源和氣體擴散模型理論進行了簡要介紹。氣體擴散模型種類繁多，本文重點選取了發(fā)展較成熟或研究較熱的幾類，包括Sutton模型、高斯模型、Pasquill-Gifford模型和具有代表性的重氣擴散模型。經(jīng)過比較，高斯擴散模型模式簡單、易于計算，具有較高的時空分辨率和相當?shù)木�，使用范圍廣，本文關(guān)注于研究用于描述連續(xù)釋放源泄漏出的氣體的穩(wěn)態(tài)濃度的高斯煙羽模型。 高斯煙羽模型是在一定的假設(shè)條件下成立的，，模型被應(yīng)用于處理復(fù)雜問題時，模擬精度會大為降低，誤差較大。因此，在實際應(yīng)用中，模型的改進工作是必不可少的。本文結(jié)合清遠華僑工業(yè)園區(qū)化工基地的實際情況和模型成立的假設(shè)條件，對模型在源強、有效高度、風(fēng)速、反射作用的影響等方面進行了改進，有效地提高了模型的模擬精度。 氣體擴散模型與管理系統(tǒng)必須借助一定的技術(shù)手段。以VisualC++6.0為開發(fā)平臺，實現(xiàn)了高斯煙羽模型與GIS的集成，開發(fā)出了基于GIS的事故后果的三維模擬和可視化系統(tǒng)，實現(xiàn)了有毒氣體擴散的動態(tài)仿真，能夠較好地預(yù)測出污染物的濃度分布，使事件的影響范圍、危害程度、發(fā)展趨勢變得一目了然。應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)實例分析了一定氣象條件、地理條件、泄露源強、氣體類型和泄露方式下，有毒氣體泄漏后濃度的分布情況，即便于平時應(yīng)急預(yù)案制定，又可為即時的應(yīng)急指揮提供輔助決策。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the chemical industry park has developed rapidly, but it is often affected by the sudden safety accidents. The chemical industry is more dangerous than other industries, and the consequences of the accidents are often more serious.Dangerous chemical leakage accidents occur frequently and bring great harm to society and ecological environment.The accident of toxic gas leakage is unexpected and difficult to control.This paper introduces the characteristics of hazardous chemicals and chemical accidents, and makes statistical analysis of chemical accidents.The gas diffusion model can describe the diffusion behavior of the leak in the atmosphere. The theory of the leakage source and the gas diffusion model is briefly introduced in this paper.There are many kinds of gas diffusion models. In this paper, several kinds of gas diffusion models are selected, including Sutton model, Pasquill-Gifford model and representative heavy gas diffusion model.By comparison, Gao Si's diffusion model is simple, easy to calculate, has high space-time resolution and considerable accuracy, and has a wide range of applications.This paper focuses on the Gao Si plume model, which is used to describe the steady state concentration of the gas released from the continuous emission source.Gao Si's smoke plume model is established under certain assumptions. When the model is used to deal with complex problems, the simulation accuracy will be greatly reduced and the error will be large.Therefore, in practical application, the improvement of the model is essential.Based on the actual situation of the chemical industry base in Qingyuan overseas Chinese Industrial Park and the hypothetical conditions for the establishment of the model, this paper improves the model in the aspects of source strength, effective height, wind speed and the effect of reflection, and effectively improves the simulation accuracy of the model.The gas diffusion model and management system must rely on certain technical means.On the platform of VisualC 6.0, the integration of Gao Si smoke plume model and GIS is realized, and the 3D simulation and visualization system of accident consequence based on GIS is developed, and the dynamic simulation of toxic gas diffusion is realized.The concentration distribution of pollutants can be predicted well, so that the influence range, harm degree and development trend of the event become clear at a glance.The distribution of the concentration of toxic gas after leakage under certain meteorological conditions, geographical conditions, strong leakage sources, gas types and leakage modes is analyzed by an example of the system, even if the emergency plan is formulated in peacetime.It can also provide immediate emergency command to assist decision-making.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TQ086.5

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