本文選題：救生艙　切入點(diǎn)：環(huán)境　出處：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：煤炭生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中礦難事故頻發(fā)，安全問(wèn)題已經(jīng)成為困擾我國(guó)煤礦行業(yè)的最大問(wèn)題，在此背景下，礦用可移動(dòng)式救生艙應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。礦難事故時(shí)，很可能會(huì)發(fā)生爆炸、沖擊、火災(zāi)等現(xiàn)象，礦井內(nèi)會(huì)產(chǎn)生高溫環(huán)境且會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量有毒、有害氣體。救生艙內(nèi)避難人員自身代謝會(huì)不斷產(chǎn)生熱量和水分，蓄電池、空氣凈化設(shè)備等的工作也會(huì)釋放大量的熱量。因此，救生艙內(nèi)會(huì)形成一個(gè)高溫、高濕的環(huán)境，如何解決密閉隔熱空間中的高溫、高濕問(wèn)題成為研究的重點(diǎn)。 本文對(duì)目前礦用可移動(dòng)式救生艙內(nèi)常用的三種空調(diào)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了分析，通過(guò)對(duì)比普通空調(diào)制冷、CO_2相變制冷以及空調(diào)蓄冰制冷的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，表明在救生艙內(nèi)特殊環(huán)境中蓄冰空調(diào)是解決艙內(nèi)高溫、高濕問(wèn)題的較為理想的方案。根據(jù)這一方案，文中對(duì)12人型標(biāo)準(zhǔn)救生艙內(nèi)的產(chǎn)熱、散濕量進(jìn)行了計(jì)算，從而為救生艙內(nèi)蓄冰柜的設(shè)計(jì)以及干燥劑的用量提供了理論依據(jù)。經(jīng)計(jì)算表明，在艙內(nèi)配備一定數(shù)量的干燥劑配合冰蓄冷降溫除濕完全可以將艙內(nèi)的濕度控制在人體可接受范圍內(nèi)。 本文針對(duì)救生艙內(nèi)狹小的空間，對(duì)救生艙的送風(fēng)方案進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)，并利用Airpak軟件中的室內(nèi)零方程模型對(duì)救生艙內(nèi)不同送風(fēng)方案下的氣流組織進(jìn)行了模擬，通過(guò)分析艙內(nèi)的溫度場(chǎng)、速度場(chǎng)、空氣齡值、不均勻系數(shù)以及通風(fēng)效率等相關(guān)參數(shù)，，確定了貼附射流為救生艙內(nèi)較為理想的送風(fēng)方式。對(duì)救生艙內(nèi)貼附射流送風(fēng)方式在不同送風(fēng)參數(shù)下進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬，為了利用有限的冷量和能量使艙內(nèi)的溫濕度達(dá)到人體可接受范圍內(nèi)，對(duì)艙內(nèi)人員靜坐區(qū)域豎向切面的溫度場(chǎng)、速度場(chǎng)進(jìn)行了模擬分析，研究了區(qū)域溫度分布和速度分布對(duì)人體的影響，確定了合適的送風(fēng)溫度和送風(fēng)速度。
[Abstract]:In the process of coal production, mine accidents occur frequently, and safety problems have become the biggest problem puzzling the coal mine industry in our country. Under this background, the mine movable lifebuoy has emerged as the times require.In mine accidents, explosion, shock, fire and other phenomena may occur, and high temperature environment and a large number of toxic and harmful gases will be produced in the mine.The savior's own metabolism will produce heat and moisture continuously. The work of battery and air purifying equipment will also release a lot of heat.Therefore, there will be a high temperature and high humidity environment in the lifebuoy. How to solve the high temperature and high humidity problem in the airtight heat insulation space becomes the focus of the research.In this paper, three kinds of air conditioning systems commonly used in mine movable lifebuoys are analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages of phase change refrigeration and ice storage refrigeration of ordinary air conditioners are compared.It shows that ice storage air conditioning in special environment is an ideal solution to the high temperature and humidity problem in the cabin.According to this scheme, the heat production and moisture dissipation in the 12-man standard lifebuoy are calculated, which provides a theoretical basis for the design of the freezer and the amount of desiccant in the tank.It is shown by calculation that the humidity in the cabin can be controlled within the acceptable range of human body with a certain amount of desiccant and ice storage cooling and dehumidification.Aiming at the narrow space in the lifebuoy, the air supply scheme of the lifebuoy is designed in this paper, and the airflow distribution under different air supply schemes in the lifebuoy is simulated by using the indoor zero equation model in the Airpak software.By analyzing the temperature field, velocity field, air age value, non-uniform coefficient and ventilation efficiency of the cabin, it is determined that the attached jet is an ideal air supply mode in the lifebuoy.In order to make use of the limited cooling capacity and energy to make the temperature and humidity of the cabin within the acceptable range of human body, the vertical tangent temperature field of the sitting area of the occupants in the cabin is simulated numerically under different air supply parameters.The effects of regional temperature distribution and velocity distribution on human body are studied and the appropriate air temperature and velocity are determined.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TD774

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