本文選題：甲烷氣體　切入點(diǎn)：差分吸收法　出處：《燕山大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：保證煤礦安全生產(chǎn)一直是我國(guó)能源產(chǎn)業(yè)的工作重點(diǎn)，然而瓦斯爆炸事故頻發(fā)給國(guó)家造成了重大財(cái)產(chǎn)損失和嚴(yán)重威脅人民的生命安全。目前國(guó)內(nèi)用于測(cè)定和標(biāo)定瓦斯?jié)舛鹊姆治鰞x大多數(shù)實(shí)時(shí)性、穩(wěn)定性和靈敏度等方面都有待提高，而國(guó)外一些大型廠家和研發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)在這方面已經(jīng)有了相對(duì)成熟的產(chǎn)品，但是價(jià)格昂貴�；诩淄闅怏w對(duì)紅外輻射的選擇性吸收原理以及吸收強(qiáng)度是甲烷濃度的函數(shù)這一關(guān)系，進(jìn)行了甲烷濃度檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。 通過(guò)分析和比較多種氣體濃度檢測(cè)方法，根據(jù)檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的測(cè)量要求和應(yīng)用環(huán)境，選擇紅外吸收原理作為本檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的理論方法。比較白熾燈、發(fā)光二極管、半導(dǎo)體激光器的各項(xiàng)性能，，光源采用白熾燈IRL715，發(fā)出的光覆蓋從可見(jiàn)光到5μm的波段。分析了探測(cè)器的性能指標(biāo)，選用的是熱釋電探測(cè)器PYS3228，其內(nèi)部集成了兩個(gè)將紅外輻射能量轉(zhuǎn)化為電壓信號(hào)的焦熱電元件，在封裝外殼開(kāi)了兩個(gè)窗口，在兩個(gè)焦熱電元件前分別裝配了兩個(gè)窄帶濾光片，中心波長(zhǎng)分別為3.31μm和4μm。 根據(jù)所選光源和探測(cè)器的特點(diǎn)，設(shè)計(jì)了合理的光源調(diào)制電路和信號(hào)調(diào)理電路。采用STM32單片機(jī)作為檢測(cè)儀的核心處理器，完成信號(hào)采集處理、濃度轉(zhuǎn)換、聲光報(bào)警等功能。以單片機(jī)為基礎(chǔ)，設(shè)計(jì)了系統(tǒng)電源電路、光源調(diào)制電路、基本放大電路、鎖相放大電路、顯示電路以及聲光報(bào)警電路，通過(guò)對(duì)單片機(jī)編程實(shí)現(xiàn)各模塊的功能。當(dāng)甲烷濃度超過(guò)預(yù)先設(shè)定的報(bào)警閾值時(shí)，產(chǎn)生聲光報(bào)警信號(hào)。 論文對(duì)檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了氣體吸收實(shí)驗(yàn)，重復(fù)性實(shí)驗(yàn)和穩(wěn)定性實(shí)驗(yàn)。結(jié)合實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)給出了擬合曲線及誤差分析，并進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)單的標(biāo)定，結(jié)果證明基于紅外吸收原理的甲烷濃度檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)具有一定的精度和良好的穩(wěn)定性。
[Abstract]:Ensuring the safe production of coal mines has always been the focus of our country's energy industry. However, frequent gas explosion accidents have caused great property loss to the country and seriously threatened the lives of the people. At present, most of the domestic analyzer used to measure and calibrate the gas concentration need to be improved in the aspects of real-time, stability and sensitivity, etc. However, some large manufacturers and R & D institutions abroad have relatively mature products in this area, but the prices are expensive. Based on the principle of selective absorption of infrared radiation by methane gas and the relationship between absorption intensity and the function of methane concentration, The experimental study of methane concentration detection system was carried out. By analyzing and comparing many kinds of gas concentration detection methods, according to the measurement requirements and application environment of the detection system, the principle of infrared absorption is selected as the theoretical method of the detection system, and the incandescent lamps, light emitting diodes (LEDs) are compared. The various properties of semiconductor laser, the light source using incandescent lamp IRL715, the light from visible light to 5 渭 m band. The performance index of detector is analyzed. The Pyroelectric detector PYS3228 is composed of two pyroelectric elements which convert infrared radiation energy into voltage signals. Two windows are opened in the package shell, and two narrow band filters are assembled before the two pyroelectric elements. The central wavelength is 3.31 渭 m and 4 渭 m, respectively. According to the characteristics of the selected light source and detector, a reasonable light source modulation circuit and signal conditioning circuit are designed. The STM32 single chip microcomputer is used as the core processor of the detector to complete the signal acquisition and processing, and the concentration conversion. Based on single-chip microcomputer, the system power supply circuit, light source modulation circuit, basic amplifier circuit, phase-locked amplifier circuit, display circuit and acousto-optic alarm circuit are designed. The function of each module is realized by programming the single-chip microcomputer. When the methane concentration exceeds the preset alarm threshold, the acousto-optic alarm signal is generated. In this paper, gas absorption experiment, repeatability experiment and stability experiment are carried out, the fitting curve and error analysis are given according to the experimental data, and a simple calibration is carried out. The results show that the methane concentration detection system based on infrared absorption principle has certain accuracy and good stability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP274;TD712.55

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