本文選題：微波　切入點(diǎn)：天線　出處：《安徽建筑大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速增長(zhǎng),我國(guó)城市化和城鎮(zhèn)化不斷地向前推進(jìn),人口數(shù)量也在增長(zhǎng),城市中不斷地出現(xiàn)各種各樣的高層建筑和堆積較多物資的倉(cāng)庫,在這種情況下,一旦失火,就會(huì)造成重大災(zāi)難,同時(shí)也會(huì)對(duì)火災(zāi)的救援工作帶來很大的困難。因此,用于保障人身安全以及財(cái)產(chǎn)安全的火災(zāi)自動(dòng)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)顯得尤為重要。當(dāng)前,國(guó)內(nèi)外火災(zāi)探測(cè)技術(shù)主要是以高靈敏度紅外傳感器為主、輔以感煙、感溫等多傳感信息融合技術(shù),然而對(duì)于火災(zāi)早期、有遮擋物的火源以及特殊無煙材料火災(zāi),運(yùn)用現(xiàn)有技術(shù)進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)、檢測(cè)就較為困難。面對(duì)這種情況,微波輻射探測(cè)技術(shù)在探測(cè)火災(zāi)上的優(yōu)勢(shì)體現(xiàn)出來,并得到應(yīng)用。利用微波輻射探測(cè)火災(zāi)具有獨(dú)特的穿透性優(yōu)勢(shì),在隔墻、隔門、隔窗等情況下,可以探測(cè)建筑內(nèi)部的火勢(shì)情況,告知消防隊(duì)員火源狀態(tài),以免發(fā)生一些意外。本設(shè)計(jì)綜合國(guó)內(nèi)外火災(zāi)探測(cè)技術(shù),考慮各個(gè)探測(cè)技術(shù)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),針對(duì)火的輻射頻段,設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)雙頻陣列天線用以接收火的輻射信號(hào),該天線具有較好的回波損耗以及較高增益,可以很好的接收火災(zāi)輻射信號(hào),基于天線檢測(cè)頻段,設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)合理的接收機(jī),用于對(duì)信號(hào)的處理、轉(zhuǎn)換,最后利用ZigBee傳輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)完成數(shù)據(jù)的層層傳輸。在結(jié)構(gòu)上,探測(cè)天線采用微帶陣列結(jié)構(gòu),體積較小,具有很好的適用性,接收機(jī)采用零中頻接收結(jié)構(gòu),有效的對(duì)信號(hào)進(jìn)行處理。本課題主要完成工作有:第一,檢測(cè)天線設(shè)計(jì)。針對(duì)火的輻射頻段,設(shè)計(jì)一款高增益的雙頻檢測(cè)天線。第二,在基于檢測(cè)天線基礎(chǔ)上提出合理的接收機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu),用于對(duì)天線檢測(cè)出的信號(hào)進(jìn)行處理,將信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)化為可以在網(wǎng)絡(luò)中進(jìn)行傳輸?shù)碾妷盒盘?hào)。第三,針對(duì)于信號(hào)傳輸,提出合適的傳輸網(wǎng)絡(luò),利用ZigBee技術(shù)對(duì)接收、處理過的信號(hào)進(jìn)行傳輸。并利用節(jié)點(diǎn)組成相應(yīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò),構(gòu)建傳輸平臺(tái)。最后,通過IAR軟件,對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)的程序進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。在ZigBee標(biāo)準(zhǔn)協(xié)議的基礎(chǔ)上,構(gòu)建一個(gè)適用于本課題設(shè)計(jì)的網(wǎng)絡(luò),并經(jīng)過實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證網(wǎng)絡(luò)的實(shí)用性。經(jīng)過一系列的實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,設(shè)計(jì)的天線參數(shù)基本滿足課題需求,設(shè)計(jì)的接收機(jī)能夠很好的對(duì)信號(hào)進(jìn)行處理、轉(zhuǎn)化,數(shù)據(jù)傳輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)能夠有效地運(yùn)行,最終的燃燒火實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,發(fā)生火災(zāi)時(shí),設(shè)計(jì)的整體系統(tǒng)能夠檢測(cè)到火災(zāi)信號(hào),完成整個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid growth of the economy, urbanization and urbanization in our country are constantly advancing, and the population is also increasing. In this case, once there is a fire, there are various high-rise buildings and warehouses piled up with more goods and materials in the cities. It will cause great disaster and bring great difficulty to the rescue work of fire. Therefore, the automatic fire alarm system, which is used to protect personal safety and property safety, is especially important. Fire detection technology at home and abroad is mainly based on high-sensitivity infrared sensors, assisted by multi-sensor information fusion technology, such as smoke, temperature, etc. However, in the early stage of fire, the fire source with shielding and special smokeless material fire. It is difficult to detect by using the existing technology in real time monitoring. In the face of this situation, the advantages of microwave radiation detection technology in fire detection are manifested and applied. In the case of partition wall, door, window and so on, the fire inside the building can be detected, and the fireman can be informed of the state of the fire source so as to avoid some accidents. This design synthesizes the fire detection technology at home and abroad, and considers the advantages and disadvantages of each detection technology. A dual-frequency array antenna is designed to receive the radiation signal of the fire. The antenna has good echo loss and high gain, so it can receive the fire radiation signal well, based on the detection frequency band of the antenna. A reasonable receiver is designed for signal processing and conversion. Finally, the ZigBee transmission network is used to transmit the data layer by layer. In structure, the detection antenna adopts microstrip array structure, which is small in size and has good applicability. The receiver adopts the zero-intermediate frequency receiving structure to process the signal effectively. The main work of this thesis is as follows: first, the design of the detection antenna. For the radiation band of the fire, a dual-frequency detection antenna with high gain is designed. Based on the detection antenna, a reasonable receiver structure is proposed, which is used to process the signal detected by the antenna and convert the signal into a voltage signal which can be transmitted in the network. Put forward the appropriate transmission network, use ZigBee technology to transmit the received and processed signals, and use the nodes to form the corresponding network, build the transmission platform. Finally, through the IAR software, The program of network node is designed. Based on the standard protocol of ZigBee, a network suitable for this project is constructed, and the practicability of the network is verified by experiments. The designed antenna parameters basically meet the requirements of the subject, the receiver designed can process and transform the signal well, and the data transmission network can operate effectively. The final combustion fire experiment shows that, when the fire occurs, The whole system can detect the fire signal and complete the whole design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU892

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