本文選題：流固耦合　切入點(diǎn)：底板突水　出處：《山東科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：礦井突水水害一直是我國(guó)煤礦安全開(kāi)采面臨的一大難題,隨著采深增加和開(kāi)采強(qiáng)度的不斷增大,礦山開(kāi)采所面臨的環(huán)境更加復(fù)雜,礦井水害問(wèn)題也日趨嚴(yán)重。本文就深部開(kāi)采所處的高地應(yīng)力和承壓水等所處的復(fù)雜環(huán)境,通過(guò)理論推導(dǎo)、軟件模擬、相似材料模擬試驗(yàn)等方法對(duì)采動(dòng)承壓水共同作用下煤礦底板突水演化特征進(jìn)行了基礎(chǔ)試驗(yàn)研究。本文參考前人的研究成果,推導(dǎo)裂紋初裂強(qiáng)度判據(jù)公式,揭示底板突水的動(dòng)態(tài)機(jī)理;基于底板巖體裂隙的產(chǎn)生機(jī)理,通過(guò)理論推導(dǎo),得出礦壓作用下煤層底板破壞深度的計(jì)算公式,在此基礎(chǔ)上,建立在高承壓水作用下的底板破壞力學(xué)模型,分析得到應(yīng)力分量式的計(jì)算公式。為了研究滲流場(chǎng)與應(yīng)力場(chǎng)共同作用下,受高水壓的破壞帶和煤層底板破壞帶能否溝通,以及高壓底板破壞和突水通道形成、演化過(guò)程中的特征規(guī)律,運(yùn)用COMSOL軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,探究底板突水的發(fā)生與隔水層性質(zhì)、水壓等因素的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。結(jié)合對(duì)滲流速度場(chǎng)、應(yīng)力場(chǎng)、位移場(chǎng)、破壞深度、滲流壓力場(chǎng)及流速分布在不同水壓、隔水層性質(zhì)因素影響下的分析對(duì)比,得出:承壓水水壓越大,滲流速度越大,底板位移變化量和破壞深度越大;隔水層厚度越大,底板承壓水滲流速度越大,位移變化量及底板破壞深度越大,更易發(fā)生突水。綜合深部地質(zhì)構(gòu)造力學(xué)環(huán)境以及相似材料滲流性等因素影響,研制了以凡士林、石蠟做為膠結(jié)劑,碳酸鈣、河沙做為骨料,抗磨液壓油做為調(diào)節(jié)劑的新型流固耦合相似模擬材料;建立承壓水影響下的深部開(kāi)采物理模型,探究采動(dòng)煤層底板煤巖體應(yīng)力及滲流變化規(guī)律,分析得出:巖體滲透性在采動(dòng)煤層的底板周期性變化下顯示出區(qū)域性、時(shí)間性;底板高滲透區(qū)分布具有不均勻性,首先產(chǎn)生于開(kāi)切眼下方;遠(yuǎn)離采場(chǎng)影響范圍巖體滲透性變化具有滯后性。
[Abstract]:Mine water inrush is always a difficult problem in the safe mining of coal mine in China. With the increase of mining depth and the increasing of mining intensity, the environment of mining is more complex. The problem of mine water damage is becoming more and more serious. In this paper, the complex environment of high ground stress and confined water in deep mining is deduced by theory and simulated by software. The basic experimental study on the evolution characteristics of water inrush in coal mine floor under the action of mining pressure and water is carried out by similar material simulation test. In this paper, the criterion formula of crack initial crack strength is derived with reference to the previous research results. The dynamic mechanism of floor water inrush is revealed, and the formula for calculating the depth of failure of coal seam floor under the action of mine pressure is obtained by theoretical derivation based on the formation mechanism of floor rock cranny, and on the basis of which, In order to study whether the failure zone under high water pressure can communicate with the failure zone of coal seam floor under the combined action of seepage field and stress field, a failure model of bottom plate under the action of high pressure water is established, and the formula of stress component is obtained by analyzing the model. As well as the characteristic law in the process of formation and evolution of high pressure bottom plate failure and water inrush passage, using COMSOL software to carry out numerical simulation, to probe into the corresponding relation between the occurrence of water inrush of bottom plate and the property of water barrier layer, water pressure and so on, combining with the seepage velocity field, The stress field, displacement field, failure depth, seepage pressure field and velocity distribution are analyzed and compared under the influence of different water pressure and the property of water barrier. It is concluded that the greater the water pressure of confined water, the greater the seepage velocity. The greater the thickness of the diaphragm, the greater the seepage velocity, the greater the displacement change and the deeper the failure depth of the bottom plate, the greater the displacement and the depth of the damage, the greater the thickness of the diaphragm layer, the greater the seepage velocity of the bottom plate pressure water. Water inrush is more likely to occur. Taking into account the influence of factors such as the mechanical environment of deep geological structures and the seepage properties of similar materials, Vaseline, paraffin as cementing agent, calcium carbonate and river sand as aggregates have been developed. A new type of fluid-solid coupling simulation material with antiwear hydraulic oil as regulator is established, the physical model of deep mining under the influence of confined water is established, and the law of stress and seepage of coal and rock mass in mining seam floor is studied. The analysis shows that the rock permeability shows regional and temporal characteristics under the periodic changes of the floor of the mining seam, and the distribution of the high permeability area of the floor is uneven, which first occurs under the open hole. The change of rock permeability away from the influence range of stope has hysteresis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD745.2

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