本文關(guān)鍵詞： 瓦斯煤層 沖擊失穩(wěn) 前兆 信息融合 預(yù)警　出處：《中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2013年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著煤礦開采深度的增加和開采強(qiáng)度加大，高應(yīng)力、高瓦斯使得沖擊地壓的發(fā)生日趨嚴(yán)重和復(fù)雜。針對(duì)含瓦斯煤層，考慮瓦斯對(duì)煤層沖擊地壓的作用機(jī)制，將瓦斯與應(yīng)力、聲電、微震等指標(biāo)相結(jié)合實(shí)現(xiàn)有效融合預(yù)警，對(duì)于揭示含瓦斯煤層沖擊地壓機(jī)理、完善礦井沖擊地壓預(yù)防技術(shù)具有重要的理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義�；诖�，，本文建立了含瓦斯煤巖受載破壞前兆信息三軸實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了含瓦斯煤受載破壞過程中的電磁輻射、聲發(fā)射、瓦斯等參數(shù)的實(shí)時(shí)同步測(cè)試分析；分析了含瓦斯煤層沖擊地壓演化過程的瓦斯涌出規(guī)律，研究了含瓦斯煤層沖擊地壓過程的電磁輻射、微震（聲發(fā)射）、瓦斯、采動(dòng)應(yīng)力的前兆信息特征；建立了基于D-S證據(jù)理論的含瓦斯煤層沖擊多前兆信息融合預(yù)警模型和方法，并進(jìn)行了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)驗(yàn)證及應(yīng)用。主要取得了以下研究成果： （1）建立了含瓦斯煤巖受載破壞前兆信息三軸實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)，可實(shí)現(xiàn)不同圍壓、不同瓦斯壓力條件下煤巖受載破壞聲電、瓦斯、應(yīng)力、應(yīng)變等參數(shù)的實(shí)時(shí)同步測(cè)試；實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了不同圍壓條件下煤巖破壞的力學(xué)特征和聲電、瓦斯等參數(shù)的變化規(guī)律。研究結(jié)果表明：煤樣破壞載荷隨著瓦斯壓力的增大而減小，隨著圍壓升高而增大；聲電信號(hào)隨著載荷的增大而不斷增多，信號(hào)強(qiáng)度不斷增大；試樣加載至峰值破壞時(shí)，瓦斯壓力和排放量出現(xiàn)突然增大的現(xiàn)象。 （2）基于聲電特性參數(shù)建立了考慮殘余強(qiáng)度的煤巖損傷演化模型，通過模型研究了聲電信號(hào)變化規(guī)律與煤巖受載破壞程度的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。 （3）建立了考慮瓦斯吸附膨脹的煤巖滲透-損傷耦合演化模型，依此揭示了含瓦斯煤層沖擊失穩(wěn)過程瓦斯涌出異常的內(nèi)在機(jī)制，并提出瓦斯可作為含瓦斯煤層沖擊失穩(wěn)的一種預(yù)警指標(biāo)；結(jié)合含瓦斯煤層沖擊地壓的瓦斯涌出、電磁輻射、微震（聲發(fā)射）和采動(dòng)應(yīng)力等監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)，揭示了煤礦含瓦斯煤層沖擊失穩(wěn)的前兆信息特征。 （4）基于多種信號(hào)前兆響應(yīng)規(guī)律建立了含瓦斯煤層沖擊地壓預(yù)警指標(biāo)體系，確定了預(yù)警指標(biāo)的臨界值計(jì)算方法，提出了基于D-S證據(jù)理論的信息融合預(yù)警模型及方法，并進(jìn)行了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)驗(yàn)證及應(yīng)用，結(jié)果表明：隨著沖擊事件時(shí)間的臨近，沖擊危險(xiǎn)程度呈現(xiàn)由無到中再到高的變化趨勢(shì)，危險(xiǎn)概率逐漸增大；沖擊危險(xiǎn)預(yù)警準(zhǔn)確率較高，無漏報(bào)現(xiàn)象。
[Abstract]:With the increase of mining depth and mining intensity, high stress and high gas make the occurrence of impact ground pressure become more and more serious and complex. Considering the mechanism of gas acting on coal seam, gas and stress are considered. The combination of acoustics and microearthquakes to realize effective fusion and early warning is of great theoretical and practical significance for revealing the mechanism of rock burst in gas-bearing coal seam and for perfecting the prevention technology of mine impact ground pressure. In this paper, a triaxial experimental system of precursor information of loaded destruction of gas-bearing coal and rock is established, and the real-time synchronous measurement and analysis of electromagnetic radiation, acoustic emission, gas and other parameters in the process of loaded destruction of gas-bearing coal are realized. The characteristics of electromagnetic radiation, micro-earthquake (acoustic emission, gas, mining stress) in the evolution process of gas bearing coal seam are analyzed. Based on D-S evidence theory, the early warning model and method of multi-precursor information fusion in gas-bearing coal seam impact are established, and the field verification and application are carried out. The main research results are as follows:. 1) A triaxial experimental system of precursor information of coal and rock loading damage with gas is established, which can realize real-time synchronous measurement of acoustic, electrical, gas, stress and strain parameters of coal and rock under different confining pressure and different gas pressure. The mechanical characteristics of coal and rock failure under different confining pressure and the variation law of parameters such as acoustic electricity and gas are studied experimentally. The results show that the failure load of coal sample decreases with the increase of gas pressure and increases with the increase of confining pressure. With the increase of the load, the acoustic signal increases and the signal intensity increases, and the gas pressure and discharge increase suddenly when the sample is loaded to the peak value. (2) based on the parameters of acoustoelectric properties, the damage evolution model of coal and rock considering residual strength is established, and the relationship between the change of acoustic signal and the damage degree of coal and rock under load is studied by the model. (3) the coupling evolution model of permeability and damage of coal and rock considering gas adsorption and expansion is established, which reveals the inherent mechanism of abnormal gas emission in the process of gas bearing coal seam impact instability. It is suggested that gas can be used as an early warning index for impact instability of gas-bearing coal seams, and combined with monitoring data of gas emission, electromagnetic radiation, microseismic (acoustic emission) and mining stress, etc. The characteristics of precursor information of coal seam impact instability in coal mine are revealed. 4) based on the law of precursor response of various signals, the index system of pressure-pressure-early warning in gas-bearing coal seam is established, the calculation method of critical value of early-warning index is determined, and the information fusion early-warning model and method based on D-S evidence theory are put forward. The field verification and application show that with the approaching of the impact event time, the risk degree changes from no to middle to high, and the risk probability increases gradually, and the accuracy of early warning of impact danger is high, and there is no underreporting phenomenon.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TD712

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