本文關(guān)鍵詞： 挖掘機駕駛室 安全人機工程學 數(shù)字化設(shè)計 造型設(shè)計　出處：《揚州大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：安全人機工程學是以安全為角度和著眼點,運用人機工程學的原理和方法解決人機結(jié)合面的安全問題的一門新興學科。隨著社會的發(fā)展,工業(yè)產(chǎn)品競爭的不斷增強,單純的功能和實用已不能滿足人們的需求。安全性、人性化和高效性成為工業(yè)領(lǐng)域追求的主要目標,安全人機工程學在挖掘機駕駛室中的應用不僅有利于提高挖掘機產(chǎn)品的安全性,而且有利于提高工程機械產(chǎn)品的附加值,從而增強我國工程機械行業(yè)的競爭力。本文采用基于安全人機工程學的基本原理,利用H點和眼橢圓相結(jié)合的方法,對挖掘機駕駛室的內(nèi)部布局、座椅、控制裝置、顯示裝置等,進行了人機工程學方面的設(shè)計研究,并通過工業(yè)設(shè)計方法對駕駛室的整體外觀造型和內(nèi)室布置及色彩搭配進行了設(shè)計,完成了對挖掘機駕駛室的設(shè)計任務,對提高挖掘機駕駛室的整體安全性、操作的舒適性和工作效率的提高具有積極意義。本文的主要研究內(nèi)容和特色如下:(1)綜述了國內(nèi)外挖掘機駕駛室設(shè)計方面研究現(xiàn)狀,基于安全人機工程學的基本原理,提出了適合國內(nèi)人體尺寸的挖掘機駕駛室基本設(shè)計思想。通過問卷調(diào)查法、測量法等手段計算出適合國內(nèi)挖掘機的駕駛員身材尺寸。為此后的挖掘機安全設(shè)計提供了設(shè)計基準。(2)利用安全人機工程學的相關(guān)原理,從人—機—作業(yè)環(huán)境三個方面對挖掘機駕駛室進行分析研究。分別從人的生理及心理對挖掘機駕駛員的需求和特性;在此基礎(chǔ)上對挖掘機的作業(yè)環(huán)境,如溫度、濕度、振動、噪聲等方面存在的問題進行歸納;對挖掘機駕駛室的安全色使用進行定義和設(shè)計,并且說明了光環(huán)境對于挖掘機駕駛員作業(yè)安全的影響及理論約束條件。(3)闡述了 H點和眼橢圓理論在挖掘機駕駛室設(shè)計中的應用,分析并得出了適用于國內(nèi)駕駛員挖掘機駕駛室的H點以及眼橢圓數(shù)據(jù)。并以此為基礎(chǔ)對挖掘機駕駛室的整體內(nèi)部布局進行合理設(shè)計,其中包括對于挖掘機駕駛室內(nèi)儀表盤、座椅、控制器、作業(yè)環(huán)境等方面的安全問題提出改善措施,以減少駕駛員的誤操作可能性,提高駕駛員的作業(yè)安全性和工作舒適度。(4)在上述安全人機工程學研究的基礎(chǔ)上,對挖掘機的駕駛室進行了外觀設(shè)計,完成了包括駕駛室整體造型設(shè)計、駕駛室內(nèi)部功能布置,并將所研究的座椅、操作臺、控制器等安全人機工程學數(shù)據(jù)應用于設(shè)計之中,完成了最終的設(shè)計結(jié)果和輸出。
[Abstract]:Safety ergonomics is a new subject which uses the principle and method of ergonomics to solve the safety problem of man-machine interface. With the development of society, safety ergonomics is a new subject. With the increasing competition of industrial products, the simple function and practicality can not meet the needs of people. Safety, humanization and efficiency have become the main goals of the industrial field. The application of safety ergonomics in the cab of excavator is not only helpful to improve the safety of excavator products, but also to improve the added value of construction machinery products. In order to enhance the competitiveness of the construction machinery industry in China, this paper adopts the basic principles of safety ergonomics, using the method of H point and eye ellipse, to the internal layout of excavator cab, seat. The control device, display device and so on, carried on the ergonomics aspect design research, and through the industrial design method has carried on the design to the cab overall appearance modelling and the inner chamber arrangement and the color match has carried on the design. The design task of the excavator cab is completed, and the overall safety of the excavator cab is improved. The main research contents and characteristics of this paper are as follows: 1) the research status of excavator cab design at home and abroad is summarized. Based on the basic principle of safety ergonomics, this paper puts forward the basic design idea of excavator cab suitable for human body size in China. Measurement method and other means to calculate the size of the driver suitable for domestic excavators. For the subsequent excavator safety design provides a design benchmark. 2) the use of safety ergonomics related principles. This paper analyzes and studies the excavator cab from the three aspects of man-machine-working environment, and analyzes the demands and characteristics of the excavator driver from human physiology and psychology respectively. On this basis, the working environment of excavator, such as temperature, humidity, vibration, noise and other problems are summarized. Define and design the safe color of excavator cab. The influence of light environment on the safety of excavator driver and the theoretical constraint condition. (3) the application of H point and eye ellipse theory in the design of excavator cab is also explained. The H point and eye ellipse data suitable for domestic driver excavator cab are analyzed and obtained. Based on this, reasonable design of the whole internal layout of excavator cab is carried out. Including the excavator cab for the dashboard, seats, controllers, operating environment and other aspects of safety improvement measures to reduce the possibility of misoperation of the driver. On the basis of the above safety ergonomics research, the exterior design of the cab of the excavator has been carried out, including the integral modeling design of the cab. The internal function of cab is arranged, and the safety ergonomics data such as seats, manipulators and controllers are applied to the design, and the final design results and outputs are completed.
【學位授予單位】：揚州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU621;X912.9

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