再制造能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)對(duì)廢舊產(chǎn)品的初始工作性能重構(gòu),經(jīng)過再制造的產(chǎn)品性能要求能夠等同或超過原始制造的性能表現(xiàn)。通過充分利用報(bào)廢產(chǎn)品所蘊(yùn)含的附加價(jià)值,再制造可以降低原材料消耗以及碳排放,并為循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)與可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供了關(guān)鍵的技術(shù)支撐。清洗操作是再制造過程中需求量較大的一道工藝,但由于清潔劑的使用與清洗過程中的資源消耗,其也是對(duì)環(huán)境影響最大的環(huán)節(jié)之一。本文在分析和總結(jié)了目前常見的清洗工藝,提出一種具有潛在環(huán)保性能的、面向柴油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)零部件的清洗工藝:超臨界二氧化碳（SC-CO2）清洗,旨在降低再制造清洗過程中產(chǎn)生的環(huán)境污染。通過對(duì)污染物質(zhì)的傅里葉轉(zhuǎn)換紅外線光譜、電子探針以及元素分析儀的分析方法,對(duì)污染物的理化性質(zhì)進(jìn)行了分析。結(jié)果表明,在報(bào)廢和退役的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)零部件表面,經(jīng)常留有由于長(zhǎng)期服役后產(chǎn)生的有機(jī)污染物,如潤(rùn)滑油、潤(rùn)滑脂、積碳等物質(zhì)。并以此論證了超臨界流體清洗技術(shù)的可行性。實(shí)驗(yàn)研究的對(duì)象選擇了潤(rùn)滑脂、潤(rùn)滑油以及有機(jī)涂層類污染物,利用超臨界流體處理設(shè)備對(duì)研究對(duì)象進(jìn)行研究。研究首先對(duì)多參量狀態(tài)下的污染物去除率進(jìn)行研究,提出了超臨界清洗過程中溫度與壓力對(duì)去除率影響的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)機(jī)制。在此基礎(chǔ)上,研究采用析因DoE實(shí)... 

【文章來源】：大連理工大學(xué)遼寧省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：171 頁

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
Abstract
中文摘要
1 Introduction
    1.1 Requirement for Sustainability Development
    1.2 A Brief Introduction to Remanufacturing
        1.2.1 Differences between Remanufacturing and Other 'Re-'s
        1.2.2 Significance of Cleaning in Remanufacturing
    1.3 Cleaning for Remanufacturing
        1.3.1 Distinctions of Cleaning for Remanufacturing
        1.3.2 Basic Elements in Remanufacturing Cleaning
        1.3.3 Potential Cleaning Technologies for Remanufacturing
        1.3.4 Current Cleaning Process for Engine Remanufacturers
        1.3.5 Trend for Remanufacturing Cleaning
        1.3.6 Principles in Selecting Cleaning Processes for Remanufacturing
        1.3.7 Summary
    1.4 Supercritical Fluids
        1.4.1 Brief Introduction to SCFs
        1.4.2 Significance of Carbon Dioxide in SCFs
        1.4.3 Properties of SC-CO_2
        1.4.4 Applications of SC-CO_2
        1.4.5 Significance of Contaminant Solubility in SCF Cleaning
        1.4.6 Cleaning Models of SC-CO_2 Fluid
        1.4.7 Summary
    1.5 The Thesis
        1.5.1 Research Hypothesis
        1.5.2 Research Aim
        1.5.3 Research Objectives
        1.5.4 Thesis Structure
2 Experimental Facilities
    2.1 Supercritical Fluid Cleaning Test Rig
        2.1.1 Internal Tank and Snubbers
        2.1.2 Cleaning Vessel
        2.1.3 Separator Vessels
        2.1.4 Pumps and Dehydrator
        2.1.5 Experiment Procedures on SCF Rig
    2.2 Liquid Blasting Test Rig
3 Oily Contaminant Cleaning
    3.1 Analysis of Contamination Layers
        3.1.1 Macro Observations
        3.1.2 Microscopic Observations
        3.1.3 FTIR Analysis
        3.1.4 Elemental Analysis
    3.2 Lubricating Grease Cleaning
        3.2.1 Qualitative Experiment Study
        3.2.2 Gravimetric Analysis
    3.3 Factorial Study in Lubricating Oil Cleaning
        3.3.1 Ingredient Analysis
        3.3.2 Experiment Procedures
        3.3.3 Effect of Pressure
        3.3.4 Effect of Temperature
        3.3.5 Effect of Cleaning Time
        3.3.6 Effect of Flow Rate
        3.3.7 Effect of Co-solvent
    3.4 DoE Study for SC-CO_2 Cleaning
        3.4.1 Experimental Design and Statistical Analysis
        3.4.2 Visualisation of the Experiment Results
        3.4.3 Fitting Models
        3.4.4 Model Simplification
        3.4.5 Residual Diagnosis
        3.4.6 Model Interpretation
        3.4.7 Optimisation of Cleaning Conditions
    3.5 Summary and Conclusions
4 Applications of SC-C_O2 Cleaning on Engines
    4.1 Mechanism of SC-CO_2 Fluid Cleaning
        4.1.1 Mechanism of SC-CO_2 Treatment in Oily Contaminants
        4.1.2 Mechanism of SC-CO_2 Treatment in Paint Layers
        4.1.3 A Model for SC-CO_2 Treatment in Remanufacturing Cleaning
    4.2 Comparisons of Different Processes in Remanufacturing Cleaning
        4.2.1 The Significance of Study on SC-CO_2 Cleaning
        4.2.2 Apparatus and Materials
        4.2.3 Experimental Procedures
    4.3 Results Discussions for Different Contaminants
        4.3.1 Results of Retired Engines Cleaning on SC-CO_2
        4.3.2 Results of Paint Layers Removal Using SC-CO_2
    4.4 Residual Removals by Different Post-Treatment Processes
        4.4.1 The Removal of Oily Contaminants
        4.4.2 The Removal of Paint Layers
    4.5 Summary
5 Life Cycle Assessment
    5.1 Technological Background
    5.2 Methodology
    5.3 Goal and Scope Definition
        5.3.1 Goal Definition
        5.3.2 Scope Definition
        5.3.3 Function Unit
        5.3.4 Data Collection
        5.3.5 Hypotheses and Simplifications
    5.4 LCI Analysis
        5.4.1 The LCI of the SCB
        5.4.2 The LCI of the PYB
    5.5 Life Cycle Impact Analysis
    5.6 Life Cycle Interpretation
        5.6.1 Significant Issue Identification
        5.6.2 Contribution Analysis
        5.6.3 Sensitivity,Completeness and Consistency Checks
    5.7 Summary
6 Conclusions
    6.1 General Conclusions
    6.2 Contributions
    6.3 創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)摘要
    6.4 Research Outlook
References
Appendix A Experimental Test Rig Details
Appendix B Experiment Data
    B.1 Raw data of grease cleaning process
    B.2 Raw data of lubricating oil cleaning process
Appendix C Cleaning Results by Different Methods
Appendix D Microscopic View of Paint Layers
Research Projects and Publications during PhD Period
Acknowledgement
Curriculum Vitae



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