【摘要】：齒輪故障、軸承故障和轉(zhuǎn)子不平衡是齒輪(機(jī)械)傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)中最常見的故障類型。在工程實(shí)際中,機(jī)電設(shè)備由于這三類故障未能及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)而引起的重大事故屢有發(fā)生。對(duì)此類設(shè)備開展?fàn)顟B(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)和故障診斷,已成為大型企業(yè)的迫切需求,也必將帶來巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益。而對(duì)于在校師生,接觸和了解工程實(shí)際中的設(shè)備和情況是必要的,但由于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)設(shè)備所處環(huán)境和工況往往非常復(fù)雜,所以在學(xué)習(xí)和研究時(shí),需要從簡入難,由少到多。因此,設(shè)計(jì)一臺(tái)可以模擬工程實(shí)際中機(jī)械傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)常見故障的實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)就有很重要的理論和實(shí)際意義。論文設(shè)計(jì)了一臺(tái)集合軸承、齒輪、轉(zhuǎn)子不平衡故障模擬于一體的齒輪(機(jī)械)傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)。研究內(nèi)容主要包含實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、關(guān)鍵部件理論分析和試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的三維建模及故障動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真。(1)設(shè)計(jì)了多功能、操作便捷的故障模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)。該試驗(yàn)臺(tái)能實(shí)現(xiàn)以下功能：在實(shí)驗(yàn)室的環(huán)境下,通過可更換模擬局部缺陷的軸承、齒輪以及不同配重的動(dòng)不平衡轉(zhuǎn)子重現(xiàn)旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)械典型故障。如不平衡、不對(duì)中、齒輪典型故障、軸承典型故障等。實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置要便于完成數(shù)據(jù)信號(hào)的采集及觀察,主要包括轉(zhuǎn)速、位移、加速度等信息數(shù)據(jù)。操作方便,做不同故障實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí),時(shí)間間隔要短。實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置輸出的故障信息要明顯并且盡可能具有單一性,信噪比要高,便于獲得與故障相對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)域圖和頻譜圖。(2)實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)關(guān)鍵零部件的力學(xué)性能校核。論文齒輪(機(jī)械)傳統(tǒng)系統(tǒng)模擬試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的關(guān)鍵零部件進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度校核及有限元靜力學(xué)分析、結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)及優(yōu)化。設(shè)計(jì)可更換零件,模擬軸承、齒輪、轉(zhuǎn)子平衡的典型故障。(3)實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)動(dòng)力學(xué)建模及仿真。分別建立了實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)的軸承子系統(tǒng)和齒輪傳動(dòng)子系統(tǒng)的非線性動(dòng)力學(xué)模型。對(duì)于軸承子系統(tǒng),考慮滾珠滑移、油膜間隙和非線性接觸力等因素。針對(duì)軸承外滾道及內(nèi)滾道點(diǎn)蝕缺陷,建立相應(yīng)的系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,并推導(dǎo)相應(yīng)的動(dòng)力學(xué)微分方程,基于MALAB軟件數(shù)值求解器,仿真系統(tǒng)的振動(dòng)加速度信號(hào)。對(duì)仿真信號(hào)進(jìn)行時(shí)域和頻域分析,研究故障類型與故障特征的映射關(guān)系,并與理論分析對(duì)比驗(yàn)證,歸納軸承內(nèi)滾道及外滾道缺陷的時(shí)域和頻域特征。針對(duì)齒輪傳動(dòng)子系統(tǒng),考慮齒輪時(shí)變嚙合剛度、傳動(dòng)誤差等因素,建立非線性動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,并齒輪裂紋、斷齒故障以時(shí)變嚙合剛度激勵(lì)的形式體現(xiàn)到系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型中,進(jìn)而仿真故障狀態(tài)下的系統(tǒng)動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng),并分析其時(shí)域和頻域特征。
[Abstract]:Gear fault, bearing fault and rotor imbalance are the most common types of fault in gear (mechanical) transmission system. In engineering practice, the major accidents caused by these three kinds of faults can not be found in time. It has become an urgent demand for large enterprises to carry out condition monitoring and fault diagnosis for this kind of equipment, and it will also bring great economic and social benefits. For teachers and students in school, it is necessary to contact and understand the equipment and situation in engineering practice, but because the environment and working conditions of the field equipment are often very complex, it is difficult to learn and study from simple to small. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to design an experimental platform which can simulate the common faults of mechanical transmission system in engineering practice. In this paper, a gear (mechanical) transmission system experimental platform is designed, which simulates the unbalanced fault of bearing, gear and rotor. The research contents mainly include the structure design of the experimental platform, the theoretical analysis of the key components, the three-dimensional modeling and fault dynamics simulation of the test-bed. (1) A multifunctional and convenient fault simulation experimental platform is designed. The test-bed can realize the following functions: in the laboratory environment, the typical faults of rotating machinery can be reproduced by replacing bearings, gears and dynamic unbalanced rotors with different counterweights. Such as imbalance, misalignment, gear typical failure, bearing typical fault and so on. The experimental device should be convenient to collect and observe the data signal, including speed, displacement, acceleration and other information data. The operation is convenient and the time interval should be short when doing different fault experiments. The fault information outputted by the experimental device should be obvious and as single as possible, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) should be high, which is convenient to obtain the time domain diagram and spectrum diagram corresponding to the fault. (2) the mechanical properties of the key parts of the experimental platform are checked. In this paper, the strength check, finite element statics analysis, structure improvement and optimization of the key parts of the gear (mechanical) traditional system simulation test-bed are carried out. Design replaceable parts to simulate typical faults of bearing, gear and rotor balance. (3) dynamic modeling and simulation of experimental platform. The nonlinear dynamic models of bearing subsystem and gear transmission subsystem of the experimental platform are established respectively. For bearing subsystem, ball slip, oil film clearance and nonlinear contact force are considered. Aiming at the pitting defects of bearing outer raceway and inner raceway, the corresponding system dynamics model is established, and the corresponding dynamic differential equation is derived. based on the numerical solver of MALAB software, the vibration acceleration signal of the system is simulated. The time domain and frequency domain analysis of the simulation signal is carried out, the mapping relationship between fault type and fault characteristics is studied, and compared with the theoretical analysis, the time domain and frequency domain characteristics of bearing inner raceway and outer raceway defects are summarized. For the gear transmission subsystem, considering the time-varying meshing stiffness and transmission error of the gear, the nonlinear dynamic model is established, and the gear crack and broken tooth fault are reflected in the system dynamics model in the form of time-varying meshing stiffness excitation, and then the dynamic response of the system under the fault state is simulated, and its time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics are analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TH132.41

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 雷亞國;湯偉;孔德同;林京;;基于傳動(dòng)機(jī)理分析的行星齒輪箱振動(dòng)信號(hào)仿真及其故障診斷[J];機(jī)械工程學(xué)報(bào);2014年17期

2 王國彪;何正嘉;陳雪峰;賴一楠;;機(jī)械故障診斷基礎(chǔ)研究“何去何從”[J];機(jī)械工程學(xué)報(bào);2013年01期

3 馬銳;陳予恕;;含裂紋故障齒輪系統(tǒng)的非線性動(dòng)力學(xué)研究[J];機(jī)械工程學(xué)報(bào);2011年21期

4 王強(qiáng);袁慎芳;田峰;江兵;;基于圓形壓電陣列的主動(dòng)Lamb波損傷成像監(jiān)測(cè)研究[J];傳感器與微系統(tǒng);2011年10期

5 劉文;林騰蛟;李潤方;廖勇軍;;沖擊譜激勵(lì)下齒輪系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)力學(xué)性能[J];重慶大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2010年01期

6 林騰蛟;廖勇軍;李潤方;劉文;;齒輪箱動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)及輻射噪聲數(shù)值仿真[J];重慶大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2009年08期

7 朱艷芬;陳恩利;申永軍;王翠艷;;含有故障的齒輪系統(tǒng)扭轉(zhuǎn)振動(dòng)分析[J];北京機(jī)械工業(yè)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2007年04期

8 羅亞;;機(jī)電設(shè)備故障診斷技術(shù)發(fā)展探析[J];湖北三峽職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2007年02期

9 聞邦椿;;“振動(dòng)利用工程”學(xué)科近期的發(fā)展[J];振動(dòng)工程學(xué)報(bào);2007年05期

10 陳予恕;;機(jī)械故障診斷的非線性動(dòng)力學(xué)原理[J];機(jī)械工程學(xué)報(bào);2007年01期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 韓振南;齒輪傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的故障診斷方法的研究[D];太原理工大學(xué);2003年

，

本文編號(hào)：2497648