發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-05-21 21:31

【摘要】：渦旋壓縮機(jī)具有運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)、結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、噪聲低、工作效率高等特點(diǎn),相比于其他形式的壓縮機(jī)在許多方面有著不可比擬的優(yōu)勢(shì)。隨著世界各國(guó)對(duì)環(huán)境污染的逐漸重視,無(wú)油渦旋壓縮機(jī)逐漸變成壓縮機(jī)行業(yè)的焦點(diǎn)。目前的無(wú)油渦旋壓縮機(jī)均是把油潤(rùn)的軸承改為自潤(rùn)滑軸承,把防自轉(zhuǎn)裝置與動(dòng)渦盤(pán)、機(jī)架有接觸的表面采用涂層技術(shù)涂上一層自潤(rùn)滑材料,使得國(guó)內(nèi)外研究者把無(wú)油渦旋壓縮機(jī)的研究重點(diǎn)放在自潤(rùn)滑材料的壽命及其壓縮機(jī)發(fā)熱問(wèn)題。磁懸浮技術(shù)具有無(wú)接觸、無(wú)摩擦、無(wú)需潤(rùn)滑等優(yōu)點(diǎn),應(yīng)用于無(wú)油渦旋壓縮機(jī)場(chǎng)合可以解決傳統(tǒng)設(shè)備所存在的問(wèn)題。依據(jù)磁力驅(qū)動(dòng)技術(shù)結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、控制系統(tǒng)簡(jiǎn)單等特性,提出一種新型無(wú)油渦旋壓縮機(jī)—磁力驅(qū)動(dòng)式無(wú)油渦旋壓縮機(jī),并說(shuō)明了新型渦旋壓縮機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)思想及其工作原理。通過(guò)渦旋壓縮機(jī)各參數(shù)理論公式的研究,結(jié)合磁力特性對(duì)新型壓縮機(jī)不同型線方案進(jìn)行優(yōu)選,并修正了該方案下的壓縮機(jī)型線。根據(jù)新型壓縮機(jī)參數(shù)分析計(jì)算出動(dòng)渦盤(pán)所需的背壓力與驅(qū)動(dòng)力,利用有限元軟件研究了不同尺寸背壓元件與不同型號(hào)驅(qū)動(dòng)元件的磁路與磁力,并優(yōu)選出最為合適的元器件。由于動(dòng)渦盤(pán)的受力圖是力與轉(zhuǎn)角的關(guān)系,而驅(qū)動(dòng)力則為力與氣隙的關(guān)系,所以通過(guò)誘導(dǎo)公式推導(dǎo)出動(dòng)渦盤(pán)所受力與氣隙關(guān)系的理論公式,并通過(guò)理論公式校核了新型壓縮機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)元件的磁力,說(shuō)明了徑向力對(duì)渦旋壓縮驅(qū)動(dòng)元件的設(shè)計(jì)影響較小。為了減小動(dòng)渦盤(pán)的振動(dòng),對(duì)動(dòng)渦盤(pán)進(jìn)行了六階約束型模態(tài)分析。新型壓縮機(jī)的控制部分是通過(guò)建立的電磁鐵差動(dòng)數(shù)學(xué)模型、壓縮機(jī)壓縮阻力數(shù)學(xué)模型來(lái)搭建新型壓縮機(jī)的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,并建立狀態(tài)空間方程,通過(guò)研究控制系統(tǒng)可控、可觀矩陣的線型相關(guān)性,得出了該系統(tǒng)為可控可觀系統(tǒng)。利用數(shù)值分析軟件對(duì)系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)空間方程的響應(yīng)特性與位移特性進(jìn)行仿真分析,利用LQR控制策略尋找出控制系統(tǒng)的最優(yōu)控制點(diǎn),并說(shuō)明了新型無(wú)油渦旋壓縮機(jī)位移特性仿真的必要性。依據(jù)渦旋壓縮機(jī)研發(fā)過(guò)程中任務(wù)量繁重、缺乏可視化設(shè)計(jì)工具,開(kāi)發(fā)出磁力驅(qū)動(dòng)式無(wú)油渦旋壓縮機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)軟件,說(shuō)明了該軟件的架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與工作流程,對(duì)軟件后臺(tái)運(yùn)行的部分程序做了詳細(xì)介紹,并說(shuō)明了該軟件的使用方法及其功能,為磁力驅(qū)動(dòng)式無(wú)油渦旋壓縮機(jī)或渦旋壓縮的設(shè)計(jì)與研究提供了參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Scroll compressor has the characteristics of stable operation, compact structure, low noise, high working efficiency and so on. Compared with other forms of compressor, scroll compressor has incomparable advantages in many aspects. With the increasing attention to environmental pollution in the world, oil-free scroll compressors have gradually become the focus of compressor industry. At present, all the oil-free scroll compressors change the oil-lubricated bearings into self-lubricating bearings, and apply a layer of self-lubricating material to the surface of the anti-rotation device and the moving scroll disk and the contact surface of the frame by coating technology. So researchers at home and abroad focus on the life of self-lubricating materials and the heating of oil-free scroll compressors. Maglev technology has the advantages of no contact, no friction, no lubrication and so on. It can be used in oil-free scroll compressor to solve the problems existing in traditional equipment. According to the characteristics of compact structure and simple control system of magnetic drive technology, a new type of oil-free scroll compressor, magnetic drive oil-free scroll compressor, is proposed, and the design idea and working principle of the new type of scroll compressor are explained. Based on the study of the theoretical formulas of the parameters of the scroll compressor and the magnetic characteristics, the different profile schemes of the new compressor are optimized, and the compression line under the scheme is modified. According to the parameter analysis and calculation of the back pressure and driving force needed by the new compressor, the magnetic circuit and magnetic force of different size back pressure elements and different types of driving elements are studied by using finite element software, and the most suitable components are selected. Because the force of the moving vortex disk is the relationship between the force and the rotation angle, and the driving force is the relationship between the force and the air gap, the theoretical formula of the relationship between the force and the air gap of the moving vortex disk is derived by the induction formula. The magnetic force of the new compressor driving element is checked by the theoretical formula, and it is shown that the radial force has little influence on the design of the scroll compression driving element. In order to reduce the vibration of the moving vortex disk, the sixth order constrained modal analysis of the moving vortex disk is carried out. The control part of the new compressor is to build the dynamic model of the new compressor through the differential mathematical model of electromagnet and the mathematical model of compressor compression resistance, and to establish the state space equation. The linear correlation of observable matrix is obtained, and it is concluded that the system is controllable observable system. The response characteristics and displacement characteristics of the state space equation of the system are simulated and analyzed by using numerical analysis software, and the optimal control points of the control system are found out by using LQR control strategy. The necessity of simulation of displacement characteristics of a new type of oil-free scroll compressor is also explained. According to the heavy task and lack of visual design tool in the research and development process of scroll compressor, the auxiliary design software of magnetic driven oil-free scroll compressor is developed, and the architecture design and work flow of the software are explained. Some programs running in the background of the software are introduced in detail, and the application method and function of the software are explained, which provides a reference for the design and research of magnetic driven oil-free scroll compressor or scroll compression.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH45

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