【摘要】：帶式輸送機(jī)作為最重要的連續(xù)物料運(yùn)輸機(jī)械,其運(yùn)用領(lǐng)域十分廣泛。其中,受料段是帶式輸送機(jī)的重要組成部分之一,然而目前研究人員對(duì)帶式輸送機(jī)受料段特性和結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)大多參考工程設(shè)計(jì)經(jīng)驗(yàn),而非采取精確的理論計(jì)算,因此導(dǎo)致其在運(yùn)輸物料的過(guò)程中存在大量的磨損以及撒料現(xiàn)象。從而使帶式輸送機(jī)的使用壽命降低、維修成本增大、生產(chǎn)率減小,并且撒落的物料易造成環(huán)境污染。本文主要對(duì)帶式輸送機(jī)受料段的特性進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)合特性分析,對(duì)帶式輸送機(jī)受料段的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行改進(jìn)。該研究對(duì)帶式輸送機(jī)受料段的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)具有良好的參考意義。本文從帶式輸送機(jī)受料段的整體出發(fā),結(jié)合其結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),將帶式輸送機(jī)受料段簡(jiǎn)化為帶有均布荷載的軸向力作用下的彈性基礎(chǔ)梁振動(dòng)模型。然后運(yùn)用機(jī)械振動(dòng)理論得出受料段的振動(dòng)方程,再用MATLAB對(duì)該方程進(jìn)行擬合,得出帶式輸送機(jī)受料段的托輥間距、輸送帶的張力、物料的沖擊力對(duì)振動(dòng)的影響。為了驗(yàn)證理論的正確性,本文設(shè)計(jì)了帶式輸送機(jī)受料段的模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)樣機(jī),并將實(shí)驗(yàn)采集數(shù)據(jù)和理論計(jì)算結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,驗(yàn)證了理論分析的正確性。結(jié)合受料段的特性分析以及當(dāng)前導(dǎo)料槽設(shè)計(jì)存在的問(wèn)題,對(duì)導(dǎo)料槽的長(zhǎng)度及形狀進(jìn)行改進(jìn),并用離散單元仿真三維物料流,驗(yàn)證改進(jìn)方案的正確性。根據(jù)帶式輸送機(jī)受料段的特性分析可得:帶式輸送機(jī)受料段的振動(dòng)和托輥間距、輸送帶的軸向力、物料的沖擊力有關(guān)。托輥間距越小、軸向力越大、物料沖擊力越小均有利于減小振動(dòng),使輸送帶保持穩(wěn)定性、提高輸送帶的使用壽命。根據(jù)帶式輸送機(jī)受料段的結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)可得:對(duì)導(dǎo)料槽長(zhǎng)度的改進(jìn)有利于提高帶式輸送機(jī)的生產(chǎn)效率、降低能耗;對(duì)導(dǎo)料槽形狀的改進(jìn)有利于保持物料的對(duì)中性,防止撒料。
[Abstract]:Belt conveyor as the most important continuous material transport machinery, its application field is very wide. Among them, the receiving section is one of the important components of the belt conveyor. However, at present, the researchers mostly refer to the engineering design experience for the characteristics and structural design of the receiving section of the belt conveyor, rather than adopt the accurate theoretical calculation. As a result, there is a large number of wear and tear phenomenon in the process of material transportation. As a result, the service life of belt conveyor is reduced, the maintenance cost is increased, the productivity is reduced, and the scattered materials are easy to cause environmental pollution. This paper mainly analyzes the characteristics of the receiving section of the belt conveyor, and improves the structure of the receiving section of the belt conveyor combined with the analysis of the characteristics. This study has a good reference significance for the structural design of the belt conveyor receiving section. Based on the whole loading section of belt conveyor and its structural characteristics, this paper simplifies the loading section of belt conveyor to the vibration model of elastic foundation beam under the action of axial force with uniform distribution load. Then the vibration equation of the loading section is obtained by using the mechanical vibration theory, and then the equation is fitted by MATLAB. The effects of the distance between the rollers, the tension of the conveyor belt and the impact force of the material on the vibration of the belt conveyor are obtained. In order to verify the correctness of the theory, this paper designs a simulated experimental prototype of the belt conveyor loading section, and compares the experimental data collected with the theoretical calculation results to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis. Combined with the analysis of the characteristics of the loading section and the problems existing in the current design of the guide groove, the length and shape of the guide groove are improved, and the three-dimensional material flow is simulated by the discrete element to verify the correctness of the improved scheme. According to the analysis of the characteristics of the loading section of the belt conveyor, it can be concluded that the vibration of the loading section of the belt conveyor and the distance between the rollers, the axial force of the conveyor belt and the impact force of the material are related. The smaller the spacing between the rollers and the larger the axial force and the smaller the material impact force, the smaller the vibration, the stability of the conveyor belt, and the longer the service life of the conveyor belt. According to the structure improvement of the loading section of the belt conveyor, it can be concluded that the improvement of the length of the guide groove is beneficial to improve the production efficiency and reduce the energy consumption of the belt conveyor, and the improvement of the shape of the guide groove is conducive to maintaining the neutrality of the material and preventing the spreading of the material.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH222

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