【摘要】：為保證汽車安全性和可靠性,在易失效的汽車齒輪軸表面等離子噴涂具有較高顯微硬度和耐磨性的合金Ni60并滲入Mo/TiB_2、Co、Cr噴涂粉形成耐磨涂層;采用U36的均勻設(shè)計(jì)方法進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì);在熱處理的軸用材料低碳合金鋼20CrMoTi表面,運(yùn)用等離子噴涂技術(shù)制備涂層厚度分別為200μm、400μm、600μm的Ni60基Mo、Co、Cr合金涂層,同樣在中碳合金鋼35CrMo表面制備涂層厚度分別為200μm、400μm、600μm的Ni60基TiB_2、Co、Cr合金涂層;使用HV-1000普及型硬度計(jì)對(duì)涂層進(jìn)行顯微硬度測(cè)量;應(yīng)用M-200磨損試驗(yàn)機(jī)對(duì)涂層表面進(jìn)行磨損試驗(yàn),試驗(yàn)條件:15#機(jī)油潤(rùn)滑、加載F=10N、磨損時(shí)間T=100min(20min/次)、低速200rad/min;利用SEM和EDS對(duì)涂層剖面及磨損表面進(jìn)行組織形貌和元素分析;選用人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)方法對(duì)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行仿真、優(yōu)化、預(yù)測(cè)和分析,依據(jù)預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)。研究結(jié)果表明:Ni60基Mo/TiB_2、Co、Cr合金涂層在涂層厚度分別為200μm、400μm、600μm時(shí),顯微硬度分別在716.2HV-1577HV/915HV-1497.3HV、857.8HV-1661.6HV/799.4HV-1322.9HV、688.1HV-1234HV/773.6HV-955.9HV內(nèi),磨損量分別在0.0027g-0.0282g/0.0024g-0.0919g、0.0024g-0.0273g/0.0039g-0.0603g、0.0043g-0.0571g/0.0043g-0.0571g內(nèi);對(duì)比20CrMoTi/35CrMo 2種基體的顯微硬度372HV/481HV和磨損量0.0226g/0.0358g,Ni60基Mo/TiB_2、Co、Cr合金涂層顯微硬度分別是基體的1.9-4倍/1.9-3.1倍、2.3-4.4倍/1.6-2.1倍、1.8-3.3倍/1.6-1.9倍,耐磨性分別是基體的0.8-8倍/0.4-14倍、0.8-9倍/0.6-9倍、0.9-2.6倍/0.6-8倍;Ni60基Mo/TiB_2、Co、Cr合金涂層在涂層厚度為400μm/200μm時(shí)具有較好綜合性能;2種涂層都呈層狀結(jié)構(gòu)分布且與20CrMoTi/35CrMo結(jié)合良好,涂層的磨損機(jī)理都主要是粘著磨損、表面疲勞磨損及磨粒磨損;噴涂中形成的氧化物、碳化物和金屬鈍化物能有效的提高涂層的綜合性能。將驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)結(jié)果和人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的理論預(yù)測(cè)值對(duì)比:涂層厚度為400μm的Ni60基Mo、Co、Cr合金涂層的顯微硬度誤差在20%內(nèi),磨損誤差在15%內(nèi);涂層厚度為200μm的Ni60基TiB_2、Co、Cr合金涂層的顯微硬度誤差在11%內(nèi),磨損誤差在12%內(nèi);2種涂層的實(shí)際測(cè)量值和預(yù)測(cè)值的相對(duì)誤差均在允許范圍內(nèi),因此可用人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)來(lái)提供Ni60基合金涂層中元素配比與涂層顯微硬度和磨損量間關(guān)系的規(guī)律集,建立三元回歸方程,然后運(yùn)用回歸方程推選出具有實(shí)際需要的且綜合性能較好的Ni60基Mo/TiB_2、Co、Cr合金涂層,這對(duì)于節(jié)能環(huán)保、提高汽車齒輪軸的壽命、保證行車安全具有非常重要的意義。
[Abstract]:In order to ensure the safety and reliability of automobile, plasma sprayed alloy Ni60 with high microhardness and wear resistance on the surface of automobile gear shaft which is easy to fail and seep into Mo/TiB_2,Co,Cr spray powder to form wear-resistant coating. U36 uniform design method is used to carry out the experimental design. On the 20CrMoTi surface of heat-treated low carbon alloy steel, the plasma spraying technique was used to prepare Ni60 based Mo,Co,Cr alloy coating with the thickness of 200 渭 m or 400 渭 m or 600 渭 m, respectively, and the thickness of the coating on the 35CrMo surface of medium carbon alloy steel was 200 渭 m, respectively. 400 渭 m or 600 渭 m Ni60 based TiB_2,Co,Cr alloy coating; The microhardness of the coating was measured by HV-1000 hardness meter. The wear test was carried out on the coating surface by using M-200 wear test machine. The test conditions were as follows: 15 # oil lubricated, F10 N loaded, wear time T=100min (20min/ times), low speed 200rad/ min; SEM and EDS were used to analyze the microstructure and elements of the coating profile and wear surface, and artificial neural network method was used to simulate, optimize, predict and analyze the experimental results. The results show that the microhardness of Ni60 based Mo/TiB_2,Co,Cr alloy coating is 716.2HV-1577HV/ 915HV-1497.3HVV / 857.8HV-1661.6HV-799.4HV-1322.9HVwhen the coating thickness is 200 渭 m / 400 渭 m / 600 渭 m, respectively, the microhardness of the coating is 716.2HV-1577HV- / 915HV-1497.3HVV / 799.4HV-1322.9HV. In 688.1HV-1234HV/773.6HV-955.9HV, the wear rate was 0.0027g-0.0282g / 0.0024g-0.0919g / 0.0024g-0.0273g / 0.0039g-0.0603g / 0.0043g-0.0571g / 0.0043g-0.0571g respectively. Comparing the microhardness 372HV/481HV and wear amount of 0.0226g / 0.0358g / Ni60-based Mo/TiB_2,Co,Cr alloy coating with 20CrMoTi/35CrMo, the microhardness of the coating is 1.9-4 times / 1.9-3.1 times of that of the substrate, respectively. 2.3-4.4 times / 1.6-2.1 times, 1.8-3.3 times / 1.6-1.9 times, wear resistance is 0.8-8 times / 0.4-14 times of matrix, 0.8-9 times / 0.6-9 times of matrix, respectively. 0.9-2.6 times / 0.6-8 fold; The Ni60 based Mo/TiB_2,Co,Cr alloy coating has good comprehensive properties when the thickness of the coating is 400 渭 m / 200 渭 m. The two kinds of coatings were layered and bonded well with 20CrMoTi/35CrMo. The wear mechanism of the coatings was mainly adhesive wear, surface fatigue wear and abrasive wear. Oxides, carbides and metal passivates formed in spraying can effectively improve the comprehensive properties of the coatings. The experimental results are compared with the theoretical prediction values of artificial neural network. The microhardness error and wear error of Ni60 based Mo,Co,Cr alloy coating with thickness of 400 渭 m are within 20% and 15% respectively. The microhardness error and wear error of Ni60 based TiB_2,Co,Cr alloy coating with thickness of 200 渭 m are within 11% and 12% respectively. The relative errors of the actual measured and predicted values of the two coatings are within the allowable range, so artificial neural networks can be used to provide the rule set of the relationship between the element ratio in the Ni60 base alloy coating and the microhardness and wear quantity of the coating. The ternary regression equation was established, and then the Ni60 base Mo/TiB_2,Co,Cr alloy coating with practical needs and better comprehensive performance was selected by using the regression equation, which can save energy and environmental protection and improve the life of automobile gear shaft. It is very important to ensure traffic safety.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH117;U467

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