【摘要】：行星齒輪箱的主要構(gòu)成部件有齒圈、太陽(yáng)輪、行星輪、中心轉(zhuǎn)軸以及行星軸承等,這些主要部件都被緊湊地安放在較小的箱體內(nèi)。這些緊湊獨(dú)特的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),使得行星齒輪箱可以傳遞較大的力和功率,也使得行星齒輪箱在車(chē)輛、船舶、航空航天、風(fēng)電能源等領(lǐng)域被應(yīng)用廣泛。然而在實(shí)際工程中,惡劣時(shí)變的工作環(huán)境使得行星齒輪箱經(jīng)常承受動(dòng)態(tài)重載作用力,這將會(huì)導(dǎo)致行星齒輪箱產(chǎn)生零部件嚴(yán)重磨損、內(nèi)部齒輪和軸承發(fā)生故障等問(wèn)題,大大降低行星齒輪箱的使用效率。一旦行星齒輪箱產(chǎn)生損壞,將會(huì)導(dǎo)致不可估量的人身、經(jīng)濟(jì)損失,因此針對(duì)服役在時(shí)變工作環(huán)境下的行星齒輪箱傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)有效的狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)以及故障診斷具有重要意義。由于異常復(fù)雜的行星齒輪箱振動(dòng)信號(hào)是限制行星齒輪箱故障診斷技術(shù)發(fā)展的瓶頸問(wèn)題,因此如何有效地降低振動(dòng)信號(hào)的復(fù)雜度就成為一個(gè)重要的研究方向,這也是本文的研究課題。本文所涉及的降低行星齒輪箱振動(dòng)信號(hào)復(fù)雜度的方法分為兩種:一種是利用階次分析技術(shù)對(duì)采集到的振動(dòng)信號(hào)整體進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)化,其中計(jì)算階次分析方法和Vold-Kalman階次分析方法被選取;另外一種是根據(jù)行星齒輪箱自身振動(dòng)信號(hào)的獨(dú)特構(gòu)成,只提取出振動(dòng)信號(hào)的相位信息進(jìn)行研究,從而降低振動(dòng)信號(hào)復(fù)雜度。綜上所述,本文應(yīng)用兩種行星齒輪箱非穩(wěn)態(tài)振動(dòng)信號(hào)簡(jiǎn)化方法,對(duì)時(shí)變工況下行星齒輪箱的狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)及故障診斷技術(shù)展開(kāi)深入研究,論文的主要工作包括:(1)為了解決Vold-Kalman階次分析方法的帶寬瓶頸問(wèn)題,本文利用計(jì)算階次圖譜和統(tǒng)計(jì)指標(biāo)作為輔助手段,對(duì)Vold-Kalman濾波器帶寬進(jìn)行篩選優(yōu)選,提出了一種基于階次譜的Vold-Kalman濾波帶寬優(yōu)選方法。(2)利用優(yōu)化帶寬后的Vold-Kalman階次分析方法與計(jì)算階次分析方法相結(jié)合,提出了一種基于階次分析方法的行星齒輪箱信號(hào)簡(jiǎn)化策略,對(duì)傳感器采集到的行星齒輪箱振動(dòng)信號(hào)進(jìn)行整體的信號(hào)簡(jiǎn)化和相應(yīng)的特征提取。(3)對(duì)行星齒輪箱振動(dòng)信號(hào)中的相位信息部分進(jìn)行深入研究。結(jié)合Hilbert變換技術(shù),對(duì)振動(dòng)信號(hào)相位信息進(jìn)行提取,提出了一種基于余弦相位角信號(hào)的行星齒輪箱故障診斷方法,從而消去時(shí)變工況引起的調(diào)幅影響,進(jìn)而達(dá)到簡(jiǎn)化振動(dòng)信號(hào)的目的,以便更加有效地對(duì)行星齒輪箱進(jìn)行狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)和故障診斷。通過(guò)仿真模型與實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的分析對(duì)比,對(duì)文中所提出的方法的可行性以及有效性進(jìn)行解釋和驗(yàn)證,為故障診斷理論與方法的應(yīng)用與發(fā)展做出了原創(chuàng)性的貢獻(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:The main components of the planetary gearbox are gear ring, solar wheel, planetary wheel, center shaft and planetary bearing. These compact and unique structural features make the planetary gearbox transmit large force and power, and make the planetary gearbox widely used in the fields of vehicle, ship, aerospace, wind energy and so on. However, in the actual engineering, the severe and time-varying working environment often causes the planetary gearbox to bear the dynamic heavy load force, which will lead to the serious wear of the parts of the planetary gearbox, the failure of the internal gear and bearing, and so on. The efficiency of planetary gearbox is greatly reduced. Once the planetary gearbox is damaged, it will lead to incalculable personal and economic losses. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out real-time and effective state monitoring and fault diagnosis for the planetary gearbox transmission system in the time-varying working environment. Because the extremely complex vibration signal of planetary gearbox is the bottleneck problem that restricts the development of fault diagnosis technology of planetary gearbox, how to reduce the complexity of vibration signal effectively becomes an important research direction. This is also the research topic of this paper. There are two methods to reduce the complexity of the vibration signal of the planetary gearbox. One is to simplify the whole vibration signal by using the order analysis technique. The calculation order analysis method and the Vold-Kalman order analysis method are selected. The other is based on the unique structure of the vibration signal of the planetary gearbox, only the phase information of the vibration signal is extracted to reduce the complexity of the vibration signal. To sum up, two simplified methods of unsteady vibration signal of planetary gearbox are applied in this paper, and the state monitoring and fault diagnosis technology of planetary gearbox under time-varying working conditions are studied deeply. The main work of this paper includes: (1) in order to solve the bandwidth bottleneck problem of Vold-Kalman order analysis method, this paper selects the bandwidth of Vold-Kalman filter by using the calculation order map and statistical index as auxiliary means. A bandwidth optimization method for Vold-Kalman filtering based on order spectrum is proposed. (2) the Vold-Kalman order analysis method is combined with the computational order analysis method. A simplified strategy for planetary gearbox signals based on order analysis is proposed. The vibration signal of the planetary gearbox collected by the sensor is simplified and the corresponding features are extracted. (3) the phase information of the vibration signal of the planetary gearbox is studied deeply. Combined with Hilbert transform technology, the phase information of vibration signal is extracted, and a fault diagnosis method of planetary gearbox based on cosine phase angle signal is proposed to eliminate the amplitude modulation effect caused by time-varying working conditions. Thus the vibration signal can be simplified and the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of planetary gearbox can be carried out more effectively. Through the analysis and comparison of simulation model and experimental data, the feasibility and validity of the proposed method are explained and verified, which makes an original contribution to the application and development of fault diagnosis theory and method.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TH132.425

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