【摘要】：變轉(zhuǎn)速條件下故障軸承的沖擊間隔會(huì)相應(yīng)的發(fā)生改變,導(dǎo)致以包絡(luò)分析為代表以恒轉(zhuǎn)速為前提的故障診斷方法失效。階比分析因其在消除頻譜模糊方面的有效性,成為處理變轉(zhuǎn)速故障軸承信號(hào)最為常規(guī)的方法。然而,上述方法在對(duì)信號(hào)重采樣的過(guò)程中存在幅值誤差、包絡(luò)畸變以及計(jì)算效率低等問(wèn)題。為此,從滾動(dòng)軸承的振動(dòng)特性出發(fā),提出了無(wú)需角域重采樣的基于廣義解調(diào)算法的滾動(dòng)軸承故障診斷方法。整個(gè)算法主要包括五部分:(1)利用快速譜峭度算法確定最優(yōu)帶通濾波參數(shù),并對(duì)原始振動(dòng)信號(hào)進(jìn)行濾波;(2)根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)速脈沖信號(hào)計(jì)算并擬合轉(zhuǎn)速曲線;(3)通過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)頻方程以及滾動(dòng)軸承的故障特征系數(shù)確定廣義解調(diào)算法所需要的相位函數(shù);(4)根據(jù)相位函數(shù)對(duì)濾波信號(hào)進(jìn)行廣義解調(diào),對(duì)解調(diào)信號(hào)進(jìn)行快速傅里葉變換(Fast Fourier Transform,FFT)獲取解調(diào)信號(hào)的頻譜圖;(5)觀察頻譜圖中的峰值,更改故障特征系數(shù)重復(fù)步驟(3)-(4),最終確定軸承故障類型。仿真及實(shí)測(cè)的故障軸承信號(hào)分析證明了新算法對(duì)變轉(zhuǎn)速下滾動(dòng)軸承故障診斷的有效性。
[Abstract]:Under the condition of variable speed, the impact interval of the fault bearing will change accordingly, which leads to the failure of the fault diagnosis method, which is represented by the envelope analysis and takes the constant speed as the premise. Because of its effectiveness in eliminating spectrum ambiguity, order analysis has become the most common method to deal with variable speed fault bearing signals. However, there are some problems such as amplitude error, envelope distortion and low computational efficiency in the process of signal resampling. Therefore, based on the vibration characteristics of rolling bearings, a fault diagnosis method based on generalized demodulation algorithm is proposed. The whole algorithm consists of five parts: (1) using fast spectral kurtosis algorithm to determine the optimal band-pass filtering parameters and filtering the original vibration signal; (2) calculating and fitting the rotational speed curve according to the rotational speed pulse signal; (3) the phase function needed by the generalized demodulation algorithm is determined by the rotation frequency equation and the fault characteristic coefficient of the rolling bearing. (4) based on the phase function, the filtered signal is generalized demodulated and the demodulated signal is obtained by (Fast Fourier Transform,FFT (Fast Fourier transform). (5) observing the peak value in the spectrum diagram, changing the fault characteristic coefficient and repeating steps (3)-(4) to determine the bearing fault type. Simulation and actual analysis of fault bearing signal show that the new algorithm is effective for rolling bearing fault diagnosis under variable speed.
【作者單位】： 北京交通大學(xué)機(jī)械與電子控制工程學(xué)院;北京交通大學(xué)載運(yùn)工具先進(jìn)制造與測(cè)控技術(shù)教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：中央高�；究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金資助項(xiàng)目(M17JB00270)
【分類號(hào)】：TH133.31

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