【摘要】：永磁調(diào)速器是集機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)學(xué)、磁學(xué)、熱力學(xué)、流體力學(xué)和材料科學(xué)于一體的最具代表性的機(jī)械設(shè)備,具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、節(jié)能環(huán)保、非接觸動(dòng)力傳遞、軟啟動(dòng)及實(shí)現(xiàn)過載保護(hù)等特點(diǎn),逐漸取代其他電力傳動(dòng)設(shè)備并具有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景,已成為國家節(jié)能重點(diǎn)推廣產(chǎn)品。目前,對于永磁調(diào)速器的研究主要集中于其磁場、渦流場及溫度場單場數(shù)值計(jì)算方面,并以此作為其結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)。對于大功率水冷永磁調(diào)速器,如果忽略了流場的影響、重要參數(shù)的溫度變化及各物理場間的耦合關(guān)系,其計(jì)算結(jié)果與實(shí)測值誤差較大,因此對大功率永磁調(diào)速器多場耦合的研究具有重要工程價(jià)值。本文首先利用Ansoft軟件對大功率永磁調(diào)速器磁場進(jìn)行有限元建模仿真,并利用Ansys Workbench軟件搭建調(diào)速器磁-熱z1合模型,即將磁場分析的渦流損耗作為熱源導(dǎo)入穩(wěn)態(tài)熱場分析,最終得到導(dǎo)體筒外表面的熱通量分布。然后,利用Fluent軟件對永磁調(diào)速器進(jìn)行二維流場仿真計(jì)算,對永磁調(diào)速器進(jìn)行熱-流雙向耦合,并修正導(dǎo)體筒外表面對流散熱系數(shù)。在通過熱-流雙向耦合對對流散熱系數(shù)修正的基礎(chǔ)上,搭建磁-熱雙向耦合模型,即設(shè)置導(dǎo)體轉(zhuǎn)子電導(dǎo)率、熱導(dǎo)率的溫度變化曲線,形成永磁調(diào)速器磁-熱-流多場耦合數(shù)值分析系統(tǒng),最終得到調(diào)速器溫度分布及轉(zhuǎn)矩特性。并通過試驗(yàn)對永磁調(diào)速器的輸出轉(zhuǎn)矩和調(diào)速器水冷系統(tǒng)出口水溫進(jìn)行測量。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,采用永磁調(diào)速器磁-熱-流多耦合場有限元分析方法,能準(zhǔn)確計(jì)算大功率調(diào)速器的運(yùn)行特性與溫度值。最后,依據(jù)磁-熱-流耦合分析結(jié)果建立永磁調(diào)速器二維瞬態(tài)磁-熱有限元模型,以托盤厚度、磁鐵厚度、銅環(huán)厚度、導(dǎo)體筒厚度為約束條件,磁鐵利用率最大及導(dǎo)體環(huán)溫度最小為優(yōu)化目標(biāo),采用響應(yīng)面法建立優(yōu)化模型,以遺傳算法求出調(diào)速器的最優(yōu)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),為調(diào)速器的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)提供了一種新方法。
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet governor is the most representative mechanical equipment which integrates mechanical structure, magnetism, thermodynamics, hydrodynamics and material science. It has simple structure, energy saving and environmental protection, and non-contact power transfer. Soft start and overload protection gradually replace other electric power transmission equipment and have a wide application prospect. It has become a national energy saving key promotion products. At present, the research of permanent magnet governor is mainly focused on the numerical calculation of magnetic field, eddy current field and temperature field, which is the basis of its structural optimization design. For the high power water-cooled permanent magnet governor, if the influence of flow field is ignored, the temperature change of important parameters and the coupling relationship between physical fields are neglected, the error between the calculated results and the measured values is large. Therefore, the study of multi-field coupling of high-power permanent magnet governor has important engineering value. In this paper, the magnetic field of the high-power permanent magnet governor is modeled and simulated by Ansoft software, and the magnetic-hot z1 model of the governor is built by using the Ansys Workbench software. The eddy current loss of the magnetic field analysis is introduced into the steady-state thermal field analysis as a heat source. Finally, the heat flux distribution on the outer surface of the conductor tube is obtained. Then, the two-dimensional flow field simulation of the permanent magnet governor is carried out by using Fluent software, and the heat flow bidirectional coupling of the permanent magnet governor is carried out, and the convective heat transfer coefficient of the outer surface of the conductor tube is corrected. Based on the modification of convection heat dissipation coefficient by the thermal-flow bidirectional coupling, the magnetic-thermal bidirectional coupling model is built, that is, the temperature change curve of conductance and thermal conductivity of conductor rotor is set up. Finally, the temperature distribution and torque characteristics of the permanent magnet governor are obtained. The output torque of the permanent magnet governor and the water temperature at the outlet of the governor water cooling system are measured. The test results show that the finite element analysis method of magnetic-thermal-flow coupling field of permanent magnet governor can accurately calculate the operating characteristics and temperature value of high power governor. Finally, a two-dimensional transient magneto-thermal finite element model of permanent magnet governor is established according to the results of magnetic-thermal-flow coupling analysis. The thickness of pallet, magnet, copper ring and conductor tube are taken as constraint conditions. The maximum magnets utilization ratio and the minimum conductor ring temperature are the optimization objectives. The response surface method is used to establish the optimization model and the genetic algorithm is used to calculate the optimal structural parameters of the governor, which provides a new method for the optimal design of the governor.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH139

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本文編號：2371215