【摘要】：滑動(dòng)軸承常出現(xiàn)由潤滑失效引起的燒瓦和潤滑劑汽化引起的腐蝕,這會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響機(jī)械系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性和安全性。上述失效現(xiàn)象是由溫度過高引起的,而現(xiàn)有文獻(xiàn)大多忽略了軸承系統(tǒng)溫度的影響。因此,計(jì)入溫度作用下研究滑動(dòng)軸承的摩擦學(xué)性能,對(duì)減少滑動(dòng)軸承摩擦磨損、減弱氣化腐蝕和提高承載性能具有重要意義。本文立足于國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目“仿生硅藻典型殼壁結(jié)構(gòu)的水潤滑軸承摩擦學(xué)性能研究”(項(xiàng)目編號(hào)51375509),分別探討計(jì)入熱作用下微造型對(duì)水潤滑軸承的潤滑性能、氣穴現(xiàn)象影響,以及脂潤滑軸承的潤滑機(jī)理。論文主要工作如下:論文首先建立了具有半圓微溝槽表面造型的滑動(dòng)軸承數(shù)學(xué)模型,應(yīng)用ANSYS14.5中的CFX模塊和靜力分析模塊對(duì)其進(jìn)行流固熱耦合分析,研究計(jì)入熱作用下微造型對(duì)滑動(dòng)軸承的潤滑性能影響。研究表明:考慮熱作用后,潤滑劑溫度升高,粘度減小,軸承承載力和摩擦力降低。軸頸轉(zhuǎn)速越大和軸承偏心率越高,熱作用越明顯。表面微造型的優(yōu)化布置位置是高壓區(qū)和靠近高壓區(qū)的壓力下降區(qū)。接著,將半圓微溝槽表面造型分布在靠近軸承高壓區(qū)的壓力下降區(qū),通過求解雷諾方程和Rayleigh-Plesset方程,首先研究微造型對(duì)水潤滑軸承氣穴現(xiàn)象中單氣泡動(dòng)力學(xué)的影響,在此基礎(chǔ)上研究了微造型對(duì)水潤滑軸承多氣泡動(dòng)力學(xué)的影響。研究表明:溶解于水中的氣泡隨著壓力不斷震蕩,在低壓區(qū)氣泡半徑急劇增大。適當(dāng)增大微造型寬度,減小微造型深度和間距可以減小氣穴現(xiàn)象中氣泡最大半徑,從而降低氣泡破裂時(shí)產(chǎn)生的瞬時(shí)高壓和高溫,最終減弱軸承的氣蝕現(xiàn)象。最后,建立了Herschel-Bulkley潤滑脂多維熱彈性潤滑模型,由此研究光滑和粗糙表面軸承脂潤滑的潤滑機(jī)理。數(shù)值結(jié)果表明:隨著流變系數(shù)的增大,潤滑油膜壓力增大,溫度升高,同時(shí)軸承承載力、摩擦力和摩擦功耗增大。熱作用使得潤滑膜壓力減小,進(jìn)一步導(dǎo)致軸承的承載力、摩擦力和摩擦功耗減小。
[Abstract]:Sliding bearing often occurs corrosion caused by lubrication failure and vaporization of lubricant, which will seriously affect the stability and safety of mechanical system. The above failure phenomenon is caused by excessive temperature, but the influence of bearing system temperature is largely ignored in existing literatures. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the tribological properties of sliding bearings under the action of temperature in order to reduce friction and wear of sliding bearings, weaken gasification corrosion and improve bearing capacity. Based on the National Natural Science Foundation project "study on tribological properties of water lubricated bearings with typical shell wall structure of bionic diatoms" (item No. 51375509), the lubricating performance of water lubricated bearings with micro-moulding under heat action is discussed respectively in this paper. Effect of cavitation phenomenon and lubrication mechanism of grease lubricated bearing. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, the mathematical model of sliding bearing with semicircular groove surface modeling is established, and the fluid-solid-heat coupling analysis is carried out by using CFX module and static analysis module in ANSYS14.5. The effect of micro-modeling on lubrication performance of sliding bearing was studied. The results show that the temperature of lubricant increases, the viscosity decreases, and the bearing capacity and friction force decrease. The higher the journal speed and the higher the bearing eccentricity, the more obvious the thermal action. The optimal position of surface micro-modeling is high-pressure region and pressure-descending area near high-pressure area. Then, the surface modeling of semicircular micro-grooves is distributed in the pressure drop area near the high pressure region of the bearing. By solving Reynolds equation and Rayleigh-Plesset equation, the effect of micro-modeling on the single bubble dynamics in the cavitation phenomenon of water-lubricated bearing is studied. On this basis, the effect of micro-modeling on multi-bubble dynamics of water-lubricated bearing was studied. The results show that the bubble radius increases sharply in the low pressure region. By increasing the width of micro molding properly and decreasing the depth and spacing of micro molding, the maximum radius of bubble in cavitation phenomenon can be reduced, thus the instantaneous high pressure and high temperature produced by bubble rupture can be reduced, and the cavitation phenomenon of bearing will eventually be weakened. Finally, the multi-dimensional thermoelastic lubrication model of Herschel-Bulkley grease was established, and the lubrication mechanism of smooth and rough surface bearing grease was studied. The numerical results show that the pressure and temperature of lubricating oil film increase with the increase of rheological coefficient, and the bearing capacity, friction force and friction power consumption increase. Thermal action reduces the lubrication film pressure and further reduces bearing capacity, friction force and friction power consumption.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TH133.3;TH117.1

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