發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-11 09:57

【摘要】：隨著大跨度鋼結(jié)構(gòu)和高層建筑物的發(fā)展,塔機(jī)正向著大型化、專用化和輕量化的趨勢(shì)發(fā)展,對(duì)其工作幅度的要求也越來(lái)越大。尋找一種有效增加塔機(jī)工作幅度且兼顧整機(jī)重量的設(shè)計(jì)方法具有重要的理論意義和實(shí)際價(jià)值。本課題來(lái)源于山東建筑大學(xué)工程機(jī)械所與山東富友有限公司聯(lián)合開(kāi)發(fā)項(xiàng)目,針對(duì)塔式起重機(jī)起重臂的研究現(xiàn)狀與大型預(yù)應(yīng)力鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r,結(jié)合廠家提出的一種改變平頭塔機(jī)起重臂預(yù)應(yīng)力的方法及裝置,對(duì)預(yù)應(yīng)力起重臂塔機(jī)進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算。利用有限元分析軟件ANSYS在塔機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)初步設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)本文預(yù)應(yīng)力起重臂塔機(jī)進(jìn)行了參數(shù)化建模,并在建模的過(guò)程中對(duì)上下支座進(jìn)行等效簡(jiǎn)化處理。根據(jù)建立的參數(shù)化模型對(duì)塔機(jī)的強(qiáng)度、剛度以及穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行了分析,通過(guò)有限元結(jié)果分析結(jié)合實(shí)際生產(chǎn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)預(yù)應(yīng)力拉桿系的參數(shù)進(jìn)一步作出調(diào)整,使其滿足設(shè)計(jì)要求,并通過(guò)相同工況下與同型號(hào)平頭塔機(jī)的應(yīng)變圖與最大應(yīng)力值對(duì)比,驗(yàn)證了預(yù)應(yīng)力起重臂塔機(jī)的有效性和優(yōu)越性。利用建立好的塔機(jī)模型,通過(guò)ANSYS優(yōu)化模塊對(duì)起重臂施加預(yù)應(yīng)力拉桿的吊點(diǎn)位置進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,以吊點(diǎn)位置為設(shè)計(jì)變量,以塔機(jī)加載后起重臂受到的最大應(yīng)力為目標(biāo)函數(shù),以保證塔機(jī)的強(qiáng)度為邊界條件進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,得出了吊點(diǎn)的最優(yōu)位置,給出此狀態(tài)下預(yù)應(yīng)力起重臂最優(yōu)吊點(diǎn)位置范圍。最后將模型中的吊點(diǎn)位置調(diào)整為優(yōu)化后的位置,得出優(yōu)化后的應(yīng)變?cè)茍D與最大應(yīng)力值,驗(yàn)證了吊點(diǎn)位置對(duì)塔機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)的影響。
[Abstract]:With the development of large-span steel structures and high-rise buildings, tower cranes are developing towards the trend of large scale, specialization and lightweight. It is of great theoretical and practical value to find a design method that can effectively increase the working range of tower crane and give consideration to the weight of the whole tower crane. This subject comes from the joint development project of Shandong Construction and Construction Machinery Institute of Shandong Construction University and Shandong Fuyou Co., Ltd., aiming at the research status of tower crane boom and the development of large prestressed steel structure. Combined with a method and device proposed by the manufacturer to change the prestressing force of the hoisting arm of the flat-head tower crane, the structural design and calculation of the pre-stressed crane are carried out. Based on the preliminary design of tower crane structure, the parameterized modeling of the prestressed boom tower crane is carried out by using the finite element analysis software ANSYS, and the equivalent simplification of upper and lower supports is carried out in the course of modeling. The strength, stiffness and stability of the tower crane are analyzed according to the parameterized model established. The parameters of the prestressed tension bar system are further adjusted by the finite element analysis combined with the practical production experience, so that the parameters can meet the design requirements. The validity and superiority of the prestressed boom tower crane are verified by comparing the strain diagram with the maximum stress value of the same type flat head tower crane under the same working condition. By using the established tower crane model, the lifting point position of the lifting arm is optimized by the ANSYS optimization module. The lifting point position is taken as the design variable and the maximum stress on the lifting arm after the tower crane is loaded is taken as the objective function. Based on the boundary condition of ensuring the strength of the tower crane, the optimal position of the lifting point is obtained, and the range of the optimal lifting point position of the prestressed lifting arm under this condition is given. Finally, the suspension position in the model is adjusted to the optimized position, the strain cloud diagram and the maximum stress value are obtained, and the influence of the lifting point position on the tower crane structure is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TH213.3

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