【摘要】：轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)是國家工業(yè)體系中重要設(shè)備的核心組成部分之一,在電力、航空、石化、機(jī)械等領(lǐng)域內(nèi)有了廣泛的應(yīng)用,與此同時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)子動(dòng)力學(xué)也逐漸形成了一個(gè)相對(duì)完整的理論體系,對(duì)旋轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)備的設(shè)計(jì)、實(shí)驗(yàn)、應(yīng)用等提供了重要支撐。但是,由于隨機(jī)不確定性因素在工程應(yīng)用中不可避免地存在,會(huì)造成旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)械在工作運(yùn)行時(shí)出現(xiàn)振幅超標(biāo)、故障頻發(fā)等現(xiàn)象,而目前關(guān)于不確定性轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)方面的研究成果屈指可數(shù),急需開展轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)在不確定性情形下的動(dòng)力學(xué)特性研究工作。論文結(jié)合國家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃(863)項(xiàng)目(編號(hào):2008AA04Z410),國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(編號(hào):11172260),開展了轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的隨機(jī)不確定性非參數(shù)動(dòng)力學(xué)建模與特性研究,為保證旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)械安全穩(wěn)定地運(yùn)行提供理論支撐。論文主要研究了一種面向Jeffcott轉(zhuǎn)子的非參數(shù)建模方法,建立了含隨機(jī)不確定性的動(dòng)力學(xué)振動(dòng)模型,分析了其在圓盤偏置、不平衡、隨機(jī)激勵(lì)等情形下的動(dòng)力學(xué)響應(yīng)特性;提出了一種改進(jìn)的含隨機(jī)不確定性的密封轉(zhuǎn)子動(dòng)態(tài)參數(shù)算法;研究了故障轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)在隨機(jī)不確定性情形下的動(dòng)力學(xué)特性,得到了故障轉(zhuǎn)子的典型非線性特征;提出了一種基于非參數(shù)建模與譜密度分析相結(jié)合的轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)可靠性算法,研究工作進(jìn)一步豐富了轉(zhuǎn)子動(dòng)力學(xué)理論,為揭示工程中旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)械產(chǎn)生振動(dòng)、故障的原因提供手段與依據(jù)。論文的主要研究內(nèi)容和成果有:(1)研究針對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的隨機(jī)不確定性非參數(shù)建模法,分析其響應(yīng)特性。針對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)隨機(jī)不確定性影響作用,給出了一種動(dòng)力學(xué)響應(yīng)對(duì)隨機(jī)不確定性因素的靈敏度算法,提出了一種針對(duì)Jeffcott轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的隨機(jī)不確定性非參數(shù)建模法,構(gòu)建了包含參數(shù)不確定性與模型不確定性的轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)不確定性動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,分析了隨機(jī)不確定性對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)臨界轉(zhuǎn)速的影響以及對(duì)系統(tǒng)響應(yīng)的作用規(guī)律。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)隨機(jī)不確定性會(huì)改變系統(tǒng)臨界轉(zhuǎn)速,對(duì)系統(tǒng)的振動(dòng)響應(yīng)也有明顯的增大作用,研究成果是論文研究內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ),為后續(xù)研究工作提供理論依據(jù)。(2)研究隨機(jī)不確定性因素影響下密封轉(zhuǎn)子的動(dòng)力系數(shù)算法。針對(duì)密封轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)受到隨機(jī)不確定性因素作用的情況,提出了根據(jù)流場內(nèi)的隨機(jī)不確定性特點(diǎn)采用有界噪聲作用到轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)模型中形成隨機(jī)激勵(lì),以及利用有界噪聲因素與橢圓形軸心軌跡相結(jié)合形成相應(yīng)的不確定性軌跡,推導(dǎo)了轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的隨機(jī)不確定性擾動(dòng)間隙、密封腔室的參數(shù)以及作用于轉(zhuǎn)子上的密封力計(jì)算方法,形成了一種隨機(jī)不確定性密封轉(zhuǎn)子的動(dòng)力系數(shù)計(jì)算方法,分析了隨機(jī)不確定性因素對(duì)密封轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力系數(shù)的影響規(guī)律。數(shù)值模擬表明隨機(jī)不確定性會(huì)使密封轉(zhuǎn)子動(dòng)力系數(shù)的計(jì)算結(jié)果產(chǎn)生較大波動(dòng),論證了隨機(jī)不確定性因素對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)子動(dòng)力學(xué)產(chǎn)生的作用以及驗(yàn)證了非參數(shù)建模方法的必要性。(3)研究了隨機(jī)不確定性轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)故障狀態(tài)下的動(dòng)力學(xué)響應(yīng)特性。分別建立了不對(duì)中、氣流激振、碰磨等故障轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的隨機(jī)不確定性模型,分析了轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)在隨機(jī)不確定性因素作用下的非線性動(dòng)力學(xué)特性,提出了一種改進(jìn)的、隨機(jī)不確定擾動(dòng)作用下轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)響應(yīng)特征的去擾處理方法,得到了清晰的系統(tǒng)混沌響應(yīng)特征,搭建了具有典型代表的轉(zhuǎn)子實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。仿真結(jié)果直觀地揭示了轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)在不同故障下的非線性特征隨不確定性強(qiáng)度的變化情況,說明了改進(jìn)的去擾處理算法的有效性,研究內(nèi)容是在隨機(jī)不確定性轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)非參數(shù)建模的基礎(chǔ)上與故障轉(zhuǎn)子相結(jié)合,豐富了不確定性轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)理論,為從理論向?qū)嵺`應(yīng)用轉(zhuǎn)變打下基礎(chǔ)。(4)研究了隨機(jī)不確定性轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)振動(dòng)響應(yīng)的可靠性算法。針對(duì)不確定性轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的可靠性問題,提出了一種基于非參數(shù)建模與譜密度分析相結(jié)合的可靠性指標(biāo)計(jì)算方法,應(yīng)用非參數(shù)建模法建立了轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的隨機(jī)不確定性動(dòng)力學(xué)振動(dòng)模型,利用譜密度分析法推導(dǎo)了系統(tǒng)響應(yīng)的特征參數(shù),通過Edgeworth級(jí)數(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化方法歸一化處理得到了可靠性指標(biāo),數(shù)值分析驗(yàn)證了此方法的適用性,為不確定性轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)提供運(yùn)行狀態(tài)穩(wěn)定性、可靠性的判斷方法,為實(shí)際應(yīng)用提供有力工具。
[Abstract]:The rotor system is one of the core components of the important equipment in the national industrial system. In the field of power, aviation, petrochemical, machinery and so on, the rotor system has been widely used in the field of electric power, aviation, petrochemical, machinery and so on. At the same time, the rotor dynamics gradually form a relatively complete theoretical system, the design and experiment of rotating equipment, the application and the like provide important support. However, due to the inevitable existence of random uncertainty factors in engineering application, the phenomena such as excessive amplitude and frequent failure of rotating machinery during operation are caused, and the present research results on uncertain rotor systems are numbered. It is urgent to carry out the research work of the dynamic characteristics of the rotor system in the uncertain situation. Based on the national high-tech research and development plan (863) project (No.: 2008AA04Z410), NSFC's project (No.: 111722260), the random uncertainty non-parametric dynamic modeling and characteristic research of the rotor system are carried out. Theoretical support is provided to ensure safe and stable operation of rotating machinery. In this paper, a non-parametric modeling method for Jeffcott rotor is studied, a dynamic vibration model with stochastic uncertainty is established, and its dynamic response characteristics are analyzed under the condition of disk bias, unbalance and random excitation. An improved dynamic parameter algorithm of sealed rotor with stochastic uncertainty is proposed. The dynamic characteristics of the fault rotor system under stochastic uncertainty are studied, and the typical nonlinear characteristics of the fault rotor are obtained. A reliability algorithm of rotor system based on non-parametric modeling and spectral density analysis is presented. The research work further enriches the theory of rotor dynamics, and provides means and basis for revealing the cause of vibration and failure in rotating machinery in engineering. The main contents and achievements of the thesis are: (1) Study the stochastic uncertainty non-parametric modeling method aiming at the rotor system, and analyze its response characteristics. Aiming at the influence of stochastic uncertainty of rotor system, a sensitivity algorithm for dynamic response to stochastic uncertainty factors is given, and a stochastic uncertainty non-parametric modeling method for Jeffcott rotor system is proposed. The dynamic model of rotor system with parameter uncertainty and model uncertainty is constructed. The influence of stochastic uncertainty on the critical speed of rotor system and the law of system response are analyzed. It is found that the random uncertainty can change the critical speed of the system, and the vibration response of the system also has an obvious increase. The research results are the basis of the research content of the paper and provide the theoretical basis for the follow-up research work. (2) studying the dynamic coefficient algorithm of the sealed rotor under the influence of stochastic uncertainty factors. aiming at the condition that the sealed rotor system is subjected to random uncertainty factors, a random excitation is formed in a rotor system model by adopting boundary noise according to the characteristics of random uncertainty in the flow field, and combining the boundary noise factor and the elliptical axis locus to form a corresponding uncertainty track, and the random uncertainty disturbance clearance of the rotor system, the parameters of the sealing chamber and the calculation method of the sealing force acting on the rotor are deduced, A dynamic coefficient calculation method of stochastic uncertain sealed rotor is formed, and the influence of stochastic uncertainty factors on dynamic coefficient of sealed rotor system is analyzed. The numerical simulation shows that the stochastic uncertainty results in larger fluctuation of the calculation result of the dynamic coefficient of the sealed rotor. The effect of stochastic uncertainty factors on rotor dynamics and the necessity of non-parametric modeling method are proved. (3) The dynamic response characteristics of a stochastic uncertain rotor system fault condition were studied. In this paper, a stochastic uncertainty model for fault rotor systems such as medium, gas-flow excitation and collision-grinding is established. The nonlinear dynamics of the rotor system under stochastic uncertainty are analyzed, and an improved method is proposed. The disturbance processing method of rotor system response characteristics under disturbance is not determined at random, a clear system response characteristic is obtained, and a rotor experimental system with typical representative is constructed. The simulation results show that the nonlinear characteristics of the rotor system under different faults vary with the strength of the uncertainty, the effectiveness of the improved de-disturbance processing algorithm is described, and the research contents are combined with the fault rotor on the basis of the non-parametric modeling of the stochastic uncertainty rotor system. The dynamic theory of uncertain rotor system is enriched, which lays a foundation for the transformation from theory to practical application. (4) The reliability algorithm of vibration response of stochastic uncertain rotor system is studied. Aiming at the reliability problem of uncertainty rotor system operation, a reliability index calculation method based on non-parametric modeling and spectral density analysis is put forward, and a stochastic uncertainty dynamic vibration model of the rotor system is established by using the non-parametric modeling method. The characteristic parameters of the system response are derived by the spectral density analysis method, and the reliability index is obtained by the normalization of the EdgePoint series normalization method. The applicability of the method is verified, and the method for judging the stability and the reliability of the operation state for the uncertain rotor system is provided. Provide powerful tools for practical applications.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TH113

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