【摘要】：滾動(dòng)軸承作為旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)械中最重要的零部件,其運(yùn)行狀態(tài)的好壞直接影響到整臺(tái)設(shè)備的性能和使用壽命。疲勞失效作為滾動(dòng)軸承最常見(jiàn)的失效類(lèi)型,最初來(lái)源于疲勞載荷下形成的次表面裂紋,后逐漸演化為宏觀的疲勞剝落。疲勞剝落的形成使?jié)L動(dòng)軸承逐漸趨于失效并且伴隨著動(dòng)力學(xué)性能的改變。因此,研究滾動(dòng)軸承在完好和帶有缺陷狀態(tài)以及在不同轉(zhuǎn)速下的動(dòng)力學(xué)特征,對(duì)于滾動(dòng)軸承的故障機(jī)理研究和故障診斷具有十分重要的意義。本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容包括:(1)建立了基于ABAQUS/Explicit的單列圓柱滾子軸承有限元?jiǎng)恿W(xué)分析模型�？偨Y(jié)了圓柱滾子軸承的運(yùn)行狀況并確定其動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真邊界條件,為了更接近軸承實(shí)際運(yùn)行狀態(tài),在有限元模型的建立中未對(duì)滾動(dòng)體進(jìn)行任何自由度的約束。為了對(duì)單一滾動(dòng)體-套圈接觸對(duì)的接觸力動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)進(jìn)行研究,模型采用面對(duì)面接觸和通用接觸結(jié)合的方式建立接觸關(guān)系并且通過(guò)對(duì)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)程中滾動(dòng)體公轉(zhuǎn)和自轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)速的分析驗(yàn)證了該動(dòng)力學(xué)模型的正確性。(2)分析了無(wú)缺陷滾子軸承在不同內(nèi)圈轉(zhuǎn)速下的動(dòng)力學(xué)行為,包括軸承各部件運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)規(guī)律、等效應(yīng)力分布、接觸應(yīng)力分布和接觸狀態(tài)特點(diǎn)、參考點(diǎn)軸心軌跡變化以及外圈節(jié)點(diǎn)加速度響應(yīng)。根據(jù)滾動(dòng)體不同環(huán)形路徑的切應(yīng)力分布和數(shù)值變化規(guī)律分析了軸承缺陷產(chǎn)生機(jī)理;通過(guò)對(duì)比分析單一滾動(dòng)體-套圈接觸對(duì)接觸力分量變化,得出了接觸力分量隨滾動(dòng)體位置的變化規(guī)律。(3)研究了不同轉(zhuǎn)速下外滾道帶有局部剝落缺陷的滾子軸承動(dòng)力學(xué)行為。在無(wú)缺陷圓柱滾子軸承動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真的基礎(chǔ)上,建立外圈承載區(qū)下端帶有局部剝落缺陷的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,并以此分析了不同轉(zhuǎn)速下滾動(dòng)體進(jìn)入、經(jīng)過(guò)和滾出剝落缺陷的動(dòng)力學(xué)響應(yīng)特性。根據(jù)滾動(dòng)體-外圈接觸力歷程輸出和接觸力分量變化規(guī)律,確定滾子進(jìn)入和滾出缺陷的時(shí)刻,并以此估計(jì)剝落缺陷的周向尺寸。
[Abstract]:As the most important parts in rotating machinery, the running state of rolling bearing directly affects the performance and service life of the whole equipment. As the most common failure type of rolling bearing, fatigue failure originates from the subsurface crack formed under fatigue load, and then evolves into macroscopic fatigue spalling. The formation of fatigue spalling makes rolling bearings tend to fail gradually and with the change of dynamic performance. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the dynamic characteristics of rolling bearings in intact and defective states and at different rotational speeds for the study of fault mechanism and fault diagnosis of rolling bearings. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the finite element dynamic analysis model of single row cylindrical roller bearing based on ABAQUS/Explicit is established. The running condition of cylindrical roller bearing is summarized and its dynamic simulation boundary condition is determined. In order to get closer to the actual running state of the bearing, the rolling body is not constrained by any degree of freedom in the establishment of finite element model. In order to study the dynamic response of the contact force of a single rolling body-ring contact pair, The contact relationship is established by the combination of face to face contact and universal contact. The correctness of the dynamic model is verified by the analysis of the rolling body rotation and rotation speed. (2) the non-defect roller is analyzed. The dynamic behavior of bearings at different inner ring speeds, It includes the kinematics law of bearing components, equivalent stress distribution, contact stress distribution and contact state characteristics, the change of axis locus of reference point and acceleration response of outer ring joint. According to the shear stress distribution and numerical variation law of different annular paths of rolling body, the mechanism of bearing defect is analyzed, and the change of contact force component of single rolling body and ring contact is compared and analyzed. The dynamic behavior of roller bearing with local flaking defect in outer raceway under different rotational speeds is studied. On the basis of dynamic simulation of non-defect cylindrical roller bearing, a dynamic model with local flaking defects at the lower end of the outer ring bearing area is established, and the entry of the rolling body at different rotational speeds is analyzed. Dynamic response characteristics of exfoliating defects through and out. According to the relation between rolling body and outer ring contact force and the change of contact force component, the time of roller entering and rolling out of defect is determined, and the circumferential dimension of flaking defect is estimated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TH133.33

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