【摘要】：動壓氣體箔片軸承因具備低摩擦、無污染、回轉精度高、自適應性強、壽命長、抗沖擊、穩(wěn)定性好等諸多長處而被廣泛研究,尤其適用于高速輕載機械,因此在諸多領域具有廣闊的發(fā)展和應用前景。但動壓氣體箔片軸承本身仍存在許多不足,如箔片軸承在啟動過程中箔片與軸頸存在摩擦,在轉子起飛之前箔片結構易發(fā)生磨損破壞等。表面微織構技術為提高箔片軸承剛度與承載力、降低箔片磨損、增加系統(tǒng)阻尼提供了新的途徑。但是將表面微織構技術應用于氣體箔片軸承尚存諸多科學問題需要探索,如表面微織構提高摩擦學特性的機理尚不明確,表面微織構尺度較小,其流動特征與軸承內大尺度流動特征有所不同等。針對這些問題,本文以基于線性化玻爾茲曼方程的廣義雷諾方程作為壓力控制方程,建立了具有表面微織構特征的箔片軸承分析模型,通過Newton-Raphson迭代法和有限差分法對穩(wěn)態(tài)廣義雷諾方程進行求解,給出了表面微織構氣體箔片軸承靜態(tài)特性的求解方法,然后通過小擾動法和有限差分法求解廣義雷諾方程,給出了表面微織構氣體箔片軸承動力學特性的求解方程,奠定了全文的理論基礎。在剛性表面及彈性表面條件下,通過分析無量綱氣膜壓力、厚度分布,研究了表面微織構的影響規(guī)律,分析了不同轉速、微織構數量、微織構深度和偏心率時表面微織構對軸承靜態(tài)特性的影響。在獲得軸承靜態(tài)特性的基礎上,研究了上述四個參數變化時,表面微織構對軸承動力學特性的影響。結果表明,一定參數條件下,表面微織構可以改善剛性表面及彈性表面氣體軸承性能。將表面微織構氣體箔片軸承應用于渦輪泵轉子系統(tǒng)中,根據軸承支反力計算了軸承動力學特性系數,建立了表面微織構軸承-轉子系統(tǒng)有限元模型,并對其臨界轉速和不平衡響應進行了分析,結果表明:渦輪泵轉子達到工作轉速需跨兩階臨界轉速,工作轉速附近無臨界轉速;渦輪泵轉子系統(tǒng)不平衡響應幅值較小。本文為表面微織構技術應用于動壓箔片軸承進行了初步探討。
[Abstract]:The hydrodynamic gas foil bearing is widely studied because of its advantages of low friction, no pollution, high precision of rotation, strong adaptability, long life, good impact resistance, good stability and so on, especially suitable for high speed and light load machinery. Therefore, there are broad prospects for development and application in many fields. However, there are still many shortcomings in the dynamic pressure gas foil bearing, such as the friction between the foil and the journal in the starting process of the foil bearing, and the wear and tear of the foil structure before the rotor take-off. Surface microtexture technology provides a new way to improve the stiffness and bearing capacity of foil bearings, reduce the wear of foil, and increase the system damping. However, the application of surface microtexture technology to gas foil bearings has many scientific problems to be explored. For example, the mechanism of surface microtexture to improve tribological properties is not clear, and the scale of surface microtexture is relatively small. The characteristics of flow are different from those of large scale flow in bearing. To solve these problems, the generalized Reynolds equation based on linearized Boltzmann equation is used as the pressure control equation, and a foil bearing analysis model with surface microtexture characteristics is established. The steady-state generalized Reynolds equation is solved by Newton-Raphson iterative method and finite difference method. The method of solving the static characteristics of surface microtextured gas foil bearing is presented, and then the generalized Reynolds equation is solved by small perturbation method and finite difference method. The solution equation of the dynamic characteristics of surface microtextured gas foil bearing is given, which lays the theoretical foundation for the whole paper. Under the condition of rigid surface and elastic surface, by analyzing the distribution of dimensionless film pressure and thickness, the influence law of surface microtexture was studied, and the amount of microtexture at different rotational speed was analyzed. The influence of surface microtexture on the static characteristics of bearing with the depth of microtexture and eccentricity. Based on the static characteristics of the bearing, the influence of surface microtexture on the dynamic characteristics of the bearing was studied when the above four parameters were changed. The results show that surface microtexture can improve the performance of gas bearing on rigid surface and elastic surface under certain parameters. The surface microtexture gas foil bearing is applied to the turbine pump rotor system. According to the bearing support reaction force, the bearing dynamic characteristic coefficient is calculated, and the finite element model of the surface microtexture bearing-rotor system is established. The critical speed and the unbalance response of the turbine pump rotor are analyzed. The results show that the turbine pump rotor needs to span the second order critical speed and there is no critical speed near the working speed, and the unbalance response amplitude of the turbine pump rotor system is small. In this paper, the application of surface microtexture technology to hydrodynamic foil bearings is discussed.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH133.3;TH117.2

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