【摘要】：伴隨環(huán)境破壞的日益嚴(yán)重和礦物燃料的減少,能源問(wèn)題亟待解決。在很多領(lǐng)域,礦物油被綠色潤(rùn)滑油替代已經(jīng)成為一種趨勢(shì)。尋找具有更好的潤(rùn)滑性能和抗氧化性能的植物油是目前研究的工作熱點(diǎn),而關(guān)于耐旱植物的種子油還很少有人研究。本文選擇4種旱區(qū)作物作為研究對(duì)象,探討旱區(qū)植物油的潤(rùn)滑性能。本文通過(guò)超臨界CO2萃取技術(shù)提取植物油,通過(guò)MFTR-4000高速往復(fù)摩擦磨損試驗(yàn)儀分析植物油(沙棘、檸條、荷荷巴、蘆薈)作為潤(rùn)滑基礎(chǔ)油在鋼/鋼、鋼/銅、鋼/鋁摩擦副上的摩擦磨損性能。采用光學(xué)顯微鏡(LV150N)觀察其表面磨斑形貌,利用熱失重分析儀(TGA-DSC)考察了其熱穩(wěn)定性,通過(guò)ANSYS有限元分析進(jìn)行模擬仿真。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:1、利用CO2萃取技術(shù)提取植物油;利用熱失重分析儀(TGA-DSC)分析可得:4種植物油的起始分解溫度均較高,說(shuō)明其結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定性非常好,在高溫下仍能保持良好的潤(rùn)滑性能,能滿足潤(rùn)滑油使用工況的要求。2、沙棘油(SBO)、檸條油、荷荷巴油(JO)、蘆薈油作為潤(rùn)滑油基礎(chǔ)油均具有一定的潤(rùn)滑性能,在植物油中加入添加劑:二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸鉬(MoDTC)、二烷基二硫代磷酸鋅(ZnDTP)、及二者復(fù)配,可以有效的改善其摩擦磨損性能。在鋼/鋼摩擦副上,檸條中添加劑的減摩抗磨效果最優(yōu)異;在鋼/銅摩擦副上,檸條油和蘆薈油中添加劑的加入均使摩擦系數(shù)減幅達(dá)到40%以上,減摩性能優(yōu)異。在鋼/鋁摩擦副上,添加劑的加入對(duì)于基礎(chǔ)油減摩抗磨性能的改變沒(méi)有明顯的規(guī)律性。3、對(duì)試塊表面磨斑分析可得:在以沙棘油為基礎(chǔ)油的潤(rùn)滑體系中,不同的添加劑對(duì)其抗磨性能的改善也不同;在以檸條為基礎(chǔ)油的潤(rùn)滑體系中,鋼/鋁摩擦副下,MoDTC和ZnDTP起拮抗作用,使磨痕寬度和犁溝數(shù)量增加;在以荷荷巴為基礎(chǔ)油的潤(rùn)滑體系中,3種添加劑在鋼/銅摩擦副上的抗磨性能均較差,說(shuō)明荷荷巴油不適用于鋼/銅摩擦副的設(shè)備上;在以蘆薈油為基礎(chǔ)油的潤(rùn)滑體系中,復(fù)配添加劑在鋼/鋼摩擦副上起拮抗作用,抗磨性能降低,在其余摩擦副上起協(xié)同作用,抗磨性能均有一定的改善。4、利用ANSYS有限元分析軟件,研究了磨損體積與磨損時(shí)間的變化關(guān)系,仿真分析了磨損表面的應(yīng)力及應(yīng)變的變化,并通過(guò)公式建立了磨損體積的分析模型,預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果顯示了較為理想的效果,對(duì)生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐有指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly serious environmental damage and the reduction of fossil fuels, energy problems need to be solved. In many areas, mineral oil has become a trend to be replaced by green lubricating oil. The search for vegetable oils with better lubricating and antioxidant properties is a hot research topic at present, but few researches have been done on the seed oils of drought-tolerant plants. In this paper, four kinds of crops in arid area were selected as the research object to study the lubricating properties of vegetable oil in arid area. In this paper, vegetable oil was extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction technique, and vegetable oil (Hippophae rhamnoides, Caragana korshinskii, jojoba, aloe) was used as lubricating base oil in steel / steel, steel / copper by MFTR-4000 high speed reciprocating friction and wear tester. Friction and wear properties of steel / aluminum friction pairs. Optical microscope (LV150N) and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA-DSC) were used to observe the morphology of the surface and the thermal stability was investigated. The simulation was carried out by ANSYS finite element analysis. The experimental results showed that CO2 extraction technique was used to extract vegetable oil, and TGA-DSC analysis showed that the initial decomposition temperature of the four kinds of vegetable oils was higher, which indicated that the structure stability was very good and the lubricity could be maintained at high temperature. (SBO), Caragana oil and (JO), aloe oil as lube base oil all have certain lubricating properties. Adding additive: molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate (MoDTC), zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZnDTP),) and the combination of them can effectively improve the friction and wear properties of vegetable oil. On the steel / steel friction pair, the additive in Caragana korshinskii has the best antiwear effect, and the additive in Caragana oil and aloe oil can reduce the friction coefficient by more than 40%, and the friction performance is excellent. On the steel / aluminum friction pair, the addition of additive has no obvious regularity for the change of friction and antiwear performance of base oil. It can be found that in the lubricating system with seabuckthorn oil as the base oil, the wear spot on the surface of the test block can be analyzed. In the lubricating system of Caragana korshinskii base oil, MoDTC and ZnDTP of steel / aluminum friction pairs play an antagonistic role, which increase the wear mark width and the number of ploughs. In the lubricating system with jojoba as the base oil, the antiwear properties of the three additives on the steel / copper friction pair are all poor, which indicates that the jojoba oil is not suitable for the equipment of the steel / copper friction pair, and in the lubricating system with aloe oil as the base oil, The compound additive has antagonistic effect on steel / steel friction pair, and its anti-wear property is decreased, and synergistic action is taken on the other friction pairs, and the anti-wear performance is improved to a certain extent. ANSYS finite element analysis software is used. The relationship between wear volume and wear time is studied. The variation of stress and strain on wear surface is simulated and the analysis model of wear volume is established by formula. It has guiding significance to production practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH117.22

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本文編號(hào)：2194170