【摘要】：因?yàn)闈u開線圓柱齒輪傳遞運(yùn)動性能良好,其加工工藝成熟,加工刀具簡單。所以漸開線圓柱齒輪被廣泛應(yīng)用在機(jī)械傳動系統(tǒng)中。然而齒輪輪齒在嚙合過程中存在的熱彈變形以及不可避免的制造誤差、安裝誤差等會使?jié)u開線齒輪在嚙合過程中產(chǎn)生嚙合沖擊、振動以及噪聲等影響傳動平穩(wěn)性的負(fù)面效果。如果僅憑提高制造精度和安裝精度來改善傳動性能,其制造成本勢必急劇增加。大量的理論研究和實(shí)踐證明:對漸開線齒輪的齒廓進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)男扌文軌蛴行У馗纳讫X輪運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)性能,提高其承載能力。針對車用變速器齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行深入研究并提出一種全新的齒廓修形設(shè)計(jì)方法,為開發(fā)高速、重載工況下運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的高性能車用變速器提供技術(shù)支持。依據(jù)齒輪嚙合原理在ABAQUS中建立齒輪參數(shù)化有限元分析模型,并選用動態(tài)接觸算法對齒輪運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)過程中的齒面接觸載荷進(jìn)行分析,在此基礎(chǔ)上提出一種基于冪函數(shù)的齒廓修形方案。在此過程中,作者完成的主要工作如下:(1)從齒輪嚙合傳動特性入手分析齒輪嚙合傳動過程中的載荷分配規(guī)律,針對嚙合傳動中的由于嚙合齒對的變化引起載荷突變的問題,從理論上論證齒輪修形可行性。深入總結(jié)現(xiàn)有齒輪修形技術(shù)的研究成果,重點(diǎn)圍繞修形三要素(修形曲線、修形長度、最大修形量)展開。歸納總結(jié)常用確定修形長度、最大修形量的國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)方法,并介紹了常見修形曲線及其適用場合。(2)詳細(xì)推導(dǎo)了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)齒輪齒廓曲線的節(jié)點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)計(jì)算公式,論述了齒廓漸開線和齒根過渡曲線的節(jié)點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)計(jì)算及兩者的幾何位置銜接問題。在此基礎(chǔ)之上,提出基于冪函數(shù)的齒廓修形方法,并通過坐標(biāo)變換詳細(xì)推導(dǎo)修形曲線上節(jié)點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)求解公式及修形系數(shù)的求解方法。(3)以文本文件為媒介,建立MATLAB與ABAQUS內(nèi)核之間的聯(lián)系,建立標(biāo)準(zhǔn)齒輪和基于冪函數(shù)的修形齒輪三維模型。文中還詳細(xì)介紹了基于ABAQUS建立齒輪動態(tài)接觸分析有限元模型的過程,并以不同嚙合位置處最大Mises應(yīng)力為評價(jià)修形效果的指標(biāo)。針對修形長度、最大修形量取值受多種隨機(jī)因素影響的特點(diǎn),采用在經(jīng)典響應(yīng)面法基礎(chǔ)之上改進(jìn)的改進(jìn)響應(yīng)面法對基于冪函數(shù)的修形齒輪的修形參數(shù)進(jìn)行迭代優(yōu)化,所得的極值狀態(tài)函數(shù)收斂點(diǎn)即為基于冪函數(shù)的修形齒輪最優(yōu)修形參數(shù)組合。結(jié)果表明:基于冪函數(shù)的齒廓修形齒輪能夠有效降低齒面接觸區(qū)域的最大Mises應(yīng)力,提高車用變速器齒輪嚙合傳動的平穩(wěn)性。因此,基于冪函數(shù)齒廓修形研究對漸開線齒輪運(yùn)動性能以及齒輪綜合修等形的進(jìn)一步研究都具備一定的參考價(jià)值和指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:Because the involute cylindrical gear transfer motion performance is good, its processing technology is mature, the cutting tool is simple. So involute cylindrical gear is widely used in mechanical transmission system. However, the thermoelastic deformation of gear teeth and the inevitable manufacturing errors, such as installation errors, will make involute gear meshing impact, vibration, noise and other negative effects that affect the transmission stability. If the transmission performance is improved by improving the manufacturing accuracy and installation precision, the manufacturing cost will increase sharply. A great deal of theoretical research and practice have proved that the proper modification of involute gear profile can effectively improve the gear running performance and increase its bearing capacity. In this paper, the gear transmission system of vehicle transmission is studied deeply and a new design method of tooth profile modification is put forward, which provides technical support for the development of high performance vehicle transmission under high speed and heavy load condition. According to the gear meshing principle, the parametric finite element analysis model of gear is established in ABAQUS, and the dynamic contact algorithm is selected to analyze the tooth surface contact load during the gear running. On this basis, a tooth profile modification scheme based on power function is proposed. In this process, the main work accomplished by the author is as follows: (1) starting from the characteristics of gear meshing transmission, the law of load distribution in gear meshing transmission is analyzed, aiming at the problem of load catastrophe caused by the change of meshing tooth pair in meshing transmission. The feasibility of gear modification is proved theoretically. This paper summarizes the existing research results of gear modification technology, focusing on three elements of modification (profile curve, modification length, maximum modification). In this paper, the international standards and experience methods for determining the modification length and the maximum modification quantity are summarized, and the common modification curves and their application are introduced. (2) the calculation formula of the node coordinates of the standard gear tooth profile curve is derived in detail. The joint coordinate calculation of tooth profile involute and tooth root transition curve and the connection of their geometric positions are discussed. On the basis of this, a tooth profile modification method based on power function is proposed, and the formula of node coordinate solution and the calculation method of modification coefficient are derived in detail by coordinate transformation. (3) text file is used as the medium. The relationship between MATLAB and ABAQUS kernel is established, and the 3D model of standard gear and modified gear based on power function is established. The process of establishing the finite element model of gear dynamic contact analysis based on ABAQUS is introduced in detail, and the maximum Mises stress at different meshing positions is taken as the index to evaluate the shape modification effect. In view of the fact that the modification length and the maximum modification value are affected by many random factors, the modified response surface method based on the classical response surface method is adopted to optimize the modification parameters of the modified gear based on the power function. The convergence point of the obtained extreme state function is the optimal modification parameter combination of the modified gear based on the power function. The results show that the tooth profile modified gear based on power function can effectively reduce the maximum Mises stress in the contact area of the tooth surface and improve the smoothness of the gear meshing drive of the vehicle transmission. Therefore, the study of tooth profile modification based on power function has certain reference value and guiding significance for the further study of involute gear kinematic performance and gear comprehensive modification.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇理工學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TH132.41

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