【摘要】：三維數(shù)字化制造技術(shù)以三維建模仿真替代傳統(tǒng)的物理樣機(jī)試驗(yàn),與傳統(tǒng)制造技術(shù)相比,在提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和降低生產(chǎn)成本方面表現(xiàn)出了更大的技術(shù)優(yōu)勢(shì),近年來(lái)受到工業(yè)界和學(xué)術(shù)界的廣泛關(guān)注。然而,三維數(shù)字化制造技術(shù)的推廣應(yīng)用受傳統(tǒng)基于二維工程圖的工藝設(shè)計(jì)模式影響,目前存在業(yè)務(wù)和信息管理流程不統(tǒng)一、數(shù)據(jù)傳遞不一致等諸多問(wèn)題。工藝設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程過(guò)度依賴(lài)人工經(jīng)驗(yàn),設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果的合理性難以得到有效保證。為了解決上述問(wèn)題,本文針對(duì)機(jī)械加工(簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)機(jī)加)工藝,探索了三維數(shù)字化工藝設(shè)計(jì)新模式,借鑒基于模型定義(Model Based Definition,MBD)技術(shù)思想和原理,構(gòu)建了面向三維數(shù)字化制造的工藝設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化體系。重點(diǎn)研究了基于典型工序MBD模型的工藝路線決策與優(yōu)化、基于模型定義的工序設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化和面向CAD/CAPP/CAM集成的虛擬加工環(huán)境優(yōu)化配置等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。論文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:(1)構(gòu)建了面向三維數(shù)字化制造的機(jī)加工藝設(shè)計(jì)模式與技術(shù)體系。針對(duì)當(dāng)前三維數(shù)字化設(shè)計(jì)制造過(guò)程中存在的數(shù)據(jù)傳遞不一致的問(wèn)題,提出工序MBD模型驅(qū)動(dòng)的三維數(shù)字化機(jī)加工藝設(shè)計(jì)模式,將工序MBD模型作為信息傳遞的唯一載體,避免了二維工程圖和三維模型的轉(zhuǎn)換過(guò)程,保證了數(shù)據(jù)傳遞的一致性。構(gòu)建了面向三維數(shù)字化制造的機(jī)加工藝設(shè)計(jì)體系結(jié)構(gòu),為后續(xù)理論及方法的研究提供了總體框架。(2)研究了基于典型工序MBD模型的工藝路線決策與優(yōu)化方法。為了簡(jiǎn)化工藝路線推理過(guò)程,提出了基于典型工序MBD模型的工藝路線推理方法。通過(guò)特征與典型工序MBD模型匹配,減少了不必要的加工方法、機(jī)床和工裝選擇決策步驟,簡(jiǎn)化了工藝路線推理過(guò)程。研究了基于粗糙集理論的典型工序MBD模型優(yōu)選方法,通過(guò)工藝知識(shí)的度量和距離計(jì)算,實(shí)現(xiàn)了工藝路線的優(yōu)化,保證了工藝路線推理結(jié)果更具客觀性、合理性。(3)研究了基于模型定義的工序設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化方法。為了消除過(guò)渡特征對(duì)工序幾何建模準(zhǔn)確性的影響,提出一種基于過(guò)渡特征簡(jiǎn)化的工序三維幾何建模方法,通過(guò)重建過(guò)渡特征線段對(duì)過(guò)渡特征進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)化,消除了圓弧曲面對(duì)加工特征邊界獲取的干擾,保證了工序幾何建模的準(zhǔn)確性。研究了工序MBD模型組織管理方法,采用超變量幾何相關(guān)性技術(shù)建立工序MBD模型幾何變量關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系,實(shí)現(xiàn)了工序模型自動(dòng)更新,簡(jiǎn)化了工序更改過(guò)程。為保證工步安排的合理性,進(jìn)一步研究了基于改進(jìn)遺傳算法的工步優(yōu)化排序方法。以縮短加工輔助用時(shí)為優(yōu)化目標(biāo),采用精英保留策略設(shè)計(jì)遺傳算法步驟。該方法能夠以較快的收斂速度獲取全局最優(yōu)解,得到加工輔助用時(shí)最少的加工工步序列。(4)研究了面向CAD/CAPP/CAM集成的虛擬加工環(huán)境優(yōu)化配置方法。為了簡(jiǎn)化三維虛擬加工環(huán)境配置過(guò)程,提出了基于工序MBD模型的虛擬加工環(huán)境配置方法。通過(guò)模板調(diào)用的方式自動(dòng)配置虛擬加工環(huán)境,簡(jiǎn)化了CAM階段的工藝準(zhǔn)備過(guò)程,提高了工藝設(shè)計(jì)效率。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)制造資源的合理利用,以機(jī)床模型作為研究對(duì)象,提出了基于加工能力元聚類(lèi)的機(jī)床模型優(yōu)化配置方法。采用區(qū)間數(shù)FCM聚類(lèi)算法獲取機(jī)床模型最優(yōu)集合,降低了人工經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)機(jī)床選擇過(guò)程的主觀影響,保證了機(jī)床配置方案的合理性。(5)設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)發(fā)了三維數(shù)字化工藝設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)�；赨G/NX7.5平臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)發(fā)了UG-CAPP原型系統(tǒng),并通過(guò)TC系統(tǒng)和UG-CAPP系統(tǒng)的集成應(yīng)用,實(shí)現(xiàn)了三維數(shù)字化工藝設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化。以飛機(jī)雙面大框結(jié)構(gòu)件的機(jī)加工藝設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)例,驗(yàn)證了本文所提方法和技術(shù)的有效性。
[Abstract]:Three dimensional digital manufacturing technology, replacing traditional physical prototype test with 3D modeling and simulation, shows greater technical advantage in improving product quality and reducing production cost compared with traditional manufacturing technology. In recent years, it has been widely concerned in industry and academia. However, the popularization and application of 3D digital manufacturing technology has been transmitted. On the basis of the process design model based on two-dimensional engineering drawing, there are many problems such as disunity of business and information management process and inconsistency of data transmission. The process of process design relies on artificial experience too much, and the rationality of design results is hard to be guaranteed. In order to solve the above problems, this paper is aimed at the process of machining (abbreviation). In this paper, a new model of 3D digital process design is explored, and a process design and optimization system for 3D digital manufacturing is constructed for reference based on Model Based Definition (MBD) technology. The process route decision and Optimization Based on the typical MBD model of the typical process and the process design based on the model definition are studied. The key technology of optimization and CAD/CAPP/CAM integration oriented virtual machining environment optimization configuration. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the design mode and technical system of machine addition oriented to 3D digital manufacturing are constructed. In view of the problem of inconsistency of data transmission in the process of 3D digital design and manufacture, process MBD is proposed. The model driven three-dimensional digitized machine plus process design model takes the process MBD model as the only carrier of information transmission, avoids the conversion process of two-dimensional engineering drawing and 3D model, and ensures the consistency of data transfer. The structure of machine addition design architecture for 3D digital manufacturing is constructed for the follow-up theory and method. The overall framework is provided. (2) the process route decision and optimization method based on the typical process MBD model is studied. In order to simplify the process route reasoning process, a process route reasoning method based on the typical process MBD model is put forward. The unnecessary processing method, machine tool and tooling selection are reduced by matching the typical working procedure MBD model. The process route inference process is simplified. The optimization method of MBD model in typical process based on rough set theory is studied. The optimization of process route is realized through the measurement of process knowledge and distance calculation. The process route reasoning result is more objective and reasonable. (3) the process design and Optimization Based on the model definition are studied. In order to eliminate the influence of transition characteristics on the accuracy of process geometric modeling, a three-dimensional geometric modeling method based on the simplification of transition features is proposed, which simplifies the transition feature by reconstructing the transition feature line segment, eliminating the interference obtained by the arc curved facing the machining feature boundary, and ensuring the accuracy of the process geometric modeling. The method of organizing and managing the process MBD model is studied. The relationship between the geometric variables of the process MBD model is established by using the hypervariable geometric correlation technology. The process model is automatically updated and the process change process is simplified. In order to ensure the rationality of the work step arrangement, the optimization sorting method based on the improved genetic algorithm is further studied. The short processing auxiliary is used as the optimization target, using the elite reservation strategy to design the genetic algorithm step. This method can obtain the global optimal solution with the fast convergence speed, and get the least processing step sequence in the processing auxiliary use. (4) the optimization configuration method of virtual addition environment for CAD/CAPP/CAM integration is studied. In the process of processing environment configuration, a virtual machining environment configuration method based on process MBD model is put forward. The virtual machining environment is automatically configured through the template call, which simplifies the process preparation process in the CAM stage and improves the efficiency of the process design. In order to realize the rational utilization of the manufacturing resources, the machine tool model is proposed as the research object. The optimization configuration method of machine tool model based on processing capability element clustering. The interval number FCM clustering algorithm is used to obtain the optimal set of machine tool model, which reduces the subjective influence of artificial experience on machine tool selection process and ensures the rationality of the machine tool configuration scheme. (5) the design and optimization system of the three dimension word processing is designed and developed. Based on the flat method, the design and optimization system of the machine tool is designed and developed. The platform design and development of the UG-CAPP prototype system, and through the integrated application of TC system and UG-CAPP system, the three-dimensional digital process design and optimization are realized. An example of the aircraft double face large frame structural parts is designed to verify the effectiveness of the method and technology proposed in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TH16

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