【摘要】：在機械應(yīng)用中,摩擦磨損會減小系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性和可靠性等重要性能,造成機械系統(tǒng)壽命的降低,同時摩擦也是導(dǎo)致能源浪費損失的重要原因,因此減少摩擦副表面摩擦磨損現(xiàn)象具有重要意義。通過構(gòu)造表面微織構(gòu)來改善摩擦副表面摩擦性能的方法,已被國內(nèi)外眾多學(xué)者關(guān)注,成為當(dāng)前摩擦學(xué)研究熱點。本文從微織構(gòu)減摩理論與仿真、微織構(gòu)飛秒激光加工工藝和微織構(gòu)表面摩擦性能三個方面做了系統(tǒng)的研究。首先結(jié)合液體潤滑理論和N-S方程,建立了微織構(gòu)的動壓潤滑物理模型。根據(jù)仿真結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)微織構(gòu)的深寬比、形狀、截面形狀等參數(shù)對表面動壓潤滑具有重要影響,仿真得到了微織構(gòu)區(qū)域產(chǎn)生流體動壓與深寬比的關(guān)系曲線;對比了不同微織構(gòu)形狀和截面形狀對動壓潤滑的影響,為后續(xù)的試驗提供了相應(yīng)的理論支持。隨后對飛秒激光加工軸承鋼GCr15的工藝進行了試驗研究。根據(jù)試驗結(jié)果,計算得到軸承鋼GC15材料的飛秒激光燒蝕閾值;在此基礎(chǔ)上分析了不同脈沖能量和脈沖個數(shù)對凹坑形貌的影響,擬合得到了凹坑深度與脈沖能量和脈沖個數(shù)的關(guān)系曲線;分析了激光重復(fù)頻率、激光掃描速度及掃描次數(shù)對微溝槽加工的影響,研究表明只有合適的掃描速度和激光頻率才能實現(xiàn)高質(zhì)量的微溝槽加工;最后對陣列微織構(gòu)的加工進行了探究,提出掃描方式和單點加工相結(jié)合的方式,來提高加工效率。最后采用往復(fù)摩擦試驗和旋轉(zhuǎn)摩擦試驗兩種方法,對不同微織構(gòu)表面的摩擦性能進行了試驗分析。試驗表明,圓形微織構(gòu)表面在不同速度和載荷下均具有較好的減摩性能,三角形微織構(gòu)表面在不同滑動方向下摩擦系數(shù)不同;不同深寬比凹坑試驗結(jié)果驗證了仿真的結(jié)果;微織構(gòu)表面具有最合適的面密度為0.07,此時表面摩擦系數(shù)最小;微織構(gòu)表面具有更好的耐磨性能。
[Abstract]:In the mechanical application, friction and wear will reduce the stability and reliability of the system, and reduce the life of the mechanical system. At the same time, friction is also an important cause of energy waste loss. Therefore, it is of great significance to reduce the friction and wear phenomenon on the surface of friction pairs. The method of improving the friction properties of friction pairs by constructing surface microtextures has been paid attention to by many scholars at home and abroad and has become a hot topic in tribology research. In this paper, the friction reduction theory and simulation of microtextures, femtosecond laser processing and friction properties of microtextures are systematically studied. Based on the theory of liquid lubrication and N-S equation, the hydrodynamic lubrication physical model of microtexture is established. According to the simulation results, it is found that the depth to width ratio, shape and section shape of the microtexture have important influence on the hydrodynamic lubrication of the surface, and the curves of the relationship between the hydrodynamic pressure and the ratio of depth to width in the microtexture region are obtained by simulation. The effects of different microtexture shapes and cross-section shapes on hydrodynamic lubrication were compared, which provided corresponding theoretical support for further experiments. Then, the technology of femtosecond laser processing of bearing steel GCr15 was studied. Based on the experimental results, the femtosecond laser ablation threshold of bearing steel GC15 is calculated, and the effects of different pulse energy and number of pulses on the pit morphology are analyzed. The relationship between pit depth and pulse energy and pulse number is obtained, and the effects of laser repetition rate, laser scanning speed and scanning times on the machining of micro-grooves are analyzed. The research shows that only the appropriate scanning speed and laser frequency can achieve high quality micro-grooves machining. Finally, the processing of array microtexture is explored, and the combination of scanning and single-point machining is proposed to improve the processing efficiency. Finally, the friction properties of different microtextured surfaces were tested and analyzed by using reciprocating friction test and rotating friction test. The experimental results show that the circular microtextured surface has better antifriction performance under different speeds and loads, and the friction coefficient of the triangular microtexture surface is different in different sliding directions, and the results of the pit test with different depth to width ratio verify the simulation results. The optimum surface density of microtexture is 0.07, the friction coefficient of microtexture surface is the smallest, and the micro-texture surface has better wear resistance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG665;TH117

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