本文選題：再制造 + 綠色拆解特征��； 參考：《青島理工大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,隨著國內(nèi)機械制造業(yè)的迅猛發(fā)展以及綠色設(shè)計技術(shù)與理論更新,我國機電產(chǎn)品更新淘汰速度加快,導(dǎo)致大量資源閑置,同時給環(huán)境帶來惡劣的影響。如何把這些“工業(yè)垃圾”變廢為寶,充分利用廢舊產(chǎn)品的潛在價值,成為當前先進制造技術(shù)研究領(lǐng)域的熱點和難點。大量研究和實踐表明,再制造技術(shù)是一種針對廢棄資源重新循環(huán)使用的有效方法,該技術(shù)能夠使零部件“起死回生”,對能源、經(jīng)濟的可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要意義。再制造技術(shù)包括一系列的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)環(huán)節(jié),其中拆解工藝是首要環(huán)節(jié)。為了最大程度的實現(xiàn)資源重利用和回收價值,必須研發(fā)科學、有效的拆解工藝方法,構(gòu)建面向再制造的拆解工藝體系。傳統(tǒng)拆解工藝主要采用破壞性拆解和目標拆解,沒有考慮整體拆解的對環(huán)境影響的危害性,更加沒有考慮后續(xù)的可再制造性。而同時,現(xiàn)有的綠色設(shè)計和制造研究領(lǐng)域仍缺乏對再制造拆解的研究。本課題研究面向機電產(chǎn)品再制造的綠色拆解工藝,探索再制造綠色拆解的基礎(chǔ)理論和方法,提出和建立機電產(chǎn)品綠色拆解特征模型及其工藝序列決策方法,為廢舊機電產(chǎn)品再制造技術(shù)的廣泛應(yīng)用及其科學工藝規(guī)程的制定提供理論依據(jù)和方法指導(dǎo)。首先,通過分析常見的再制造拆解方法和典型連接件的拆解規(guī)律,研究可再制造零件的影響因子及判定方法,并結(jié)合現(xiàn)有的綠色設(shè)計理論,提出了“綠色拆解特征”概念。進一步解釋了“綠色拆解特征”內(nèi)涵,重點研究了生態(tài)影響特征、可再制造特征和資源特征,并對各個特征下的指標進行量化,建立了映射矩陣。最后將機電產(chǎn)品拆解過程信息和映射矩陣相結(jié)合,構(gòu)建了“綠色拆解特征”數(shù)學模型。其次,借助“綠色拆解特征”模型提取機電產(chǎn)品的綠色信息和可再制造信息,并將提取的信息分類、匯總,根據(jù)求得的權(quán)重值和評價軟件得到相應(yīng)的結(jié)果。然后通過回溯模型,將綠色拆解特征評價指標作為自變量,評價結(jié)果為因變量,進行SPSS多元線性回歸分析,得出敏感性指標,從而指導(dǎo)拆解方案規(guī)劃。進而,從廢舊機電產(chǎn)品具體結(jié)構(gòu)入手,找出重要的結(jié)構(gòu)零部件。通過構(gòu)建主要零部件的結(jié)構(gòu)層次網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖,得到多條可行拆解序列。然后,以綠色拆解特征指標為目標,分別對這多條拆解序列進行決策,并按照最佳決策理想點法得到最優(yōu)的一條拆解序列,依此來實現(xiàn)工藝序列決策。最后,在上述研究的基礎(chǔ)上,以廢舊汽車發(fā)電機為例,建立其綠色拆解特征模型,并提取出綠色與可再制造信息,借助回溯模型,得到發(fā)電機敏感性影響指標。進一步通過層次網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖得到發(fā)電機的拆解序列,并基于綠色拆解特征理想點法進行拆解序列決策,得到最優(yōu)序列。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of domestic machinery manufacturing industry and the renewal of green design technology and theory, the speed of mechanical and electrical product updating and elimination in China has been accelerated, resulting in a large number of idle resources, and at the same time bringing about a bad impact on the environment. How to turn the "industrial waste" into a treasure and make full use of the potential value of the waste products has become a hot and difficult point in the field of advanced manufacturing technology. A large number of researches and practices show that the remanufacturing technology is an effective method for recycling waste resources. This technology can make parts and components "come back to life", which is of great significance to the sustainable development of energy and economy. The remanufacturing technology includes a series of key technical links, among which the disassembly process is the primary link. In order to realize the value of resource reuse and recycling to the greatest extent, we must develop scientific and effective dismantling process methods, and construct a remanufacturing oriented dismantling process system. The traditional disassembly process mainly adopts destructive and target disassembly without considering the environmental impact of the whole disassembly and the subsequent remanufacturing. At the same time, the existing green design and manufacturing research field is still lack of research on remanufacturing dismantling. In this paper, the green dismantling process for the remanufacture of electromechanical products is studied, the basic theory and method of green dismantling for remanufacturing are explored, and the characteristic model of green dismantling of electromechanical products and its process sequence decision method are put forward and established. It provides theoretical basis and method guidance for the extensive application of waste electromechanical products remanufacturing technology and the formulation of scientific process rules. Firstly, by analyzing the common methods of remanufacturing disassembly and the rule of disassembly of typical connectors, the influence factors and judgment methods of remanufacturing parts are studied, and the concept of "green disassembly characteristics" is put forward in combination with the existing green design theory. The connotation of "green disassembly feature" is further explained, and the ecological impact characteristics, remanufacturing characteristics and resource characteristics are studied, and the mapping matrix is established by quantifying the indexes under each characteristic. Finally, combining the information of mechanical and electrical product disassembly process with mapping matrix, the mathematical model of "green disassembly characteristics" is constructed. Secondly, the green information and remanufacturing information of mechanical and electrical products are extracted by using the "green disassembly feature" model. The extracted information is classified and summarized, and the corresponding results are obtained according to the obtained weight value and the evaluation software. Then the evaluation index of green disassembly feature is regarded as independent variable and the evaluation result is dependent variable through backtracking model. SPSS multivariate linear regression analysis is carried out and sensitivity index is obtained to guide the disassembly scheme planning. Then, starting with the concrete structure of waste mechanical and electrical products, we find out the important structural parts. Several feasible disassembly sequences are obtained by constructing the hierarchical network diagram of main parts. Then, taking the characteristic index of green disassembly as the target, the decision of the disassembly sequence is made separately, and the optimal disassembly sequence is obtained according to the optimal decision ideal point method, according to which the decision of the process sequence is realized. Finally, on the basis of the above research, the green disassembly characteristic model of the waste automobile generator is established, and the green and remanufacturing information is extracted, and the sensitivity index of the generator is obtained by means of the backtracking model. Furthermore, the disassembly sequence of generator is obtained by hierarchical network diagram, and the optimal sequence is obtained by the decision of disassembly sequence based on the ideal point method of green disassembly feature.
【學位授予單位】：青島理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TH16

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