本文選題：擺線齒 + 準(zhǔn)雙曲面齒輪��； 參考：《西北工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：長幅外擺線等高齒(簡稱擺線齒)準(zhǔn)雙曲面齒輪采用連續(xù)分度的端面滾齒法加工,加工一對齒輪副只需要兩臺切齒機床、兩把刀以及兩次裝卸,與圓弧漸縮齒準(zhǔn)雙曲面齒輪的單分度端面銑齒法相比,生產(chǎn)效率得到極大提高,并且降低了勞動強度,減少了所需設(shè)備和刀具種類。該類齒輪副還具有傳動平穩(wěn)、噪聲小、承載能力強等一系列優(yōu)點,因此特別適用于大批量生產(chǎn)的汽車行業(yè)。在歐美廣泛應(yīng)用于各類輕重型卡車以及SUV等的車橋齒輪傳動中。隨著我國汽車工業(yè)的高速發(fā)展以及與歐美日韓汽車企業(yè)的合作日益密切,先進的擺線齒準(zhǔn)雙曲面齒輪加工工藝以及成套的加工、測量、磨刀、調(diào)刀設(shè)備逐步被引進到國內(nèi)大型汽車企業(yè),這類齒輪應(yīng)用越來越廣泛,人們也逐漸對其優(yōu)越性有所認識。但是,由于歷史原因,國內(nèi)長期專注于圓弧漸縮齒,忽視了對擺線等高齒的研究,并且由于國外企業(yè)的技術(shù)封鎖,使得我國在擺線等高齒的先進設(shè)計制造方面遠遠落后于歐美發(fā)達國家,可以說基本處于起步階段,這嚴(yán)重制約著自主設(shè)計制造水平的提高以及工藝改進�；诖�,本文主要針對車橋用奧利康制擺線齒準(zhǔn)雙曲面齒輪,從齒面嚙合性能分析和齒面設(shè)計方法兩方面進行了系統(tǒng)研究,并編制了一套完整的設(shè)計分析軟件,本文主要研究成果如下:(1)擺線齒準(zhǔn)雙曲面齒輪齒面建模以及接觸分析。計算了擺線齒準(zhǔn)雙曲面齒輪齒坯幾何參數(shù)和切齒加工參數(shù),建立了適用于克林貝格制和奧利康制的齒面加工仿真方法,考慮刀刃圓弧和刀尖圓弧,建立了包括工作齒面以及齒根過渡曲面在內(nèi)的完整齒面模型�；谖⒎謳缀我约皣Ш显�,推導(dǎo)了擺線齒準(zhǔn)雙曲面齒輪配對齒面嚙合的基本公式,提出了新的瞬時接觸橢圓計算方法,并給出了邊緣接觸的幾何分析方法。結(jié)合齒輪幾何分析和力學(xué)分析,建立了擺線齒準(zhǔn)雙曲面齒輪輪齒承載接觸分析模型,在此基礎(chǔ)上分析了接觸應(yīng)力和彎曲應(yīng)力過程并提出了一種新的齒輪副時變嚙合剛度計算方法。(2)擺線齒準(zhǔn)雙曲面齒輪齒面誤差敏感性分析及預(yù)修正。運用文中建立的齒面模型,通過定量施加擾動的方法,分析了包括刀具參數(shù)、刀盤參數(shù)、機床設(shè)置參數(shù)以及滾比修正運動參數(shù)在內(nèi)的各個加工參數(shù)對齒面拓撲的影響規(guī)律,獲得了對齒面誤差影響較大的加工參數(shù)組合。建立了擺線齒準(zhǔn)雙曲面齒輪齒面誤差預(yù)修正優(yōu)化模型,并采用序列二次規(guī)劃算法對模型進行求解,得到各加工參數(shù)調(diào)整量。(3)擺線齒準(zhǔn)雙曲面齒輪齒面主動設(shè)計�；诠曹椩�,以大輪理論齒面作為假想產(chǎn)形輪,在嚙合坐標(biāo)系中按照預(yù)置的轉(zhuǎn)角運動關(guān)系,展成與之線接觸并滿足預(yù)置傳動誤差曲線的小輪輔助齒面,然后對小輪輔助齒面沿各嚙合線方向按照預(yù)置的接觸印痕所確定的三段拋物線修形曲線進行修形,獲得了滿足預(yù)置嚙合性能的小輪目標(biāo)齒面。建立了以小輪齒面與目標(biāo)齒面法向誤差平方和最小為目標(biāo)的優(yōu)化模型,并引入權(quán)重系數(shù)來控制雙面法加工的兩側(cè)齒面的逼近程度,從而可以選擇性地保證某側(cè)齒面的嚙合性能。最后運用序列二次規(guī)劃算法求解該模型,得到了小輪加工參數(shù)調(diào)整量。該方法基于理論齒面,為設(shè)計階段主動控制雙面法加工的擺線齒及其他齒輪兩側(cè)齒面的嚙合性能提供了一個有效的途徑。(4)基于測量的擺線齒準(zhǔn)雙曲面齒輪實際齒面嚙合性能分析及主動設(shè)計�；诟呔三X輪測量中心測得的齒面離散坐標(biāo)點,研究了實際齒面擬合的原理和方法。提取擬合齒面的型值點,通過控制頂點和權(quán)因子求解,獲得了實測齒面的擬合齒面及其參數(shù)化表示,并驗證了曲面擬合的精度。建立并求解了實際齒面嚙合仿真分析數(shù)學(xué)模型。與傳統(tǒng)的滾動檢測相比,實際齒面嚙合仿真分析在獲得齒面接觸印痕的同時還可以獲得傳動誤差曲線,比較全面地反映了實際齒面的嚙合信息,并且避免了以實際齒面的滾檢印痕來驗證理論齒面的仿真結(jié)果會出現(xiàn)的評價基準(zhǔn)不一致的問題。提出了應(yīng)用于試制階段的、基于實際齒面的擺線齒準(zhǔn)雙曲面齒輪齒面主動設(shè)計方法,綜合考慮了大、小輪齒面由于機加工誤差和熱處理變形所導(dǎo)致的偏差,只需要對小輪齒面進行一次修正便可以獲得預(yù)期的嚙合性能,這對于縮短試制周期是十分有利的。(5)試驗及對比分析驗證。以奧利康制Spirac法某高速車橋齒輪副為例,進行了切齒、齒面測量、滾檢試驗以及理論齒面建模、幾何接觸分析和齒面主動設(shè)計驗證,將本文仿真方法所獲得的結(jié)果與試驗結(jié)果以及克林貝格最新版螺旋錐齒輪設(shè)計分析軟件KIMoS5的仿真結(jié)果進行了對比分析,驗證了本文齒面建模方法、理論齒面幾何接觸分析方法、齒面主動設(shè)計方法、實際齒面嚙合仿真分析方法的有效性和可行性。
[Abstract]:Long amplitude cycloid and other high teeth (cycloid) hypoid hyperbolic gears are machined by a continuous indexing gear hobbing method. A pair of pair gear pairs need only two gear cutting machines, two knives and two loading and unloading, and the production efficiency is greatly improved and the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the production efficiency is greatly improved. This kind of gear pair also has a series of advantages, such as smooth transmission, small noise and strong bearing capacity, so it is especially suitable for mass production of automobile industry. In Europe and America, it is widely used in the axle gear drive of various light heavy trucks and SUV. With the rapid development of China's automobile industry. As well as the cooperation with European and American automobile enterprises in Japan and South Korea, the advanced cycloid tooth hyperboloid gear processing technology and complete processing, measuring, grinding knife and knife adjusting equipment are gradually introduced to large domestic automobile enterprises. The application of this kind of gear is becoming more and more widely used, and people are gradually aware of their advantages. However, because of historical reasons For a long time, we have focused on the circular arc shrinking teeth and neglected the research on the high teeth of cycloid and so on. And because of the technical blockade of foreign enterprises, the advanced design and manufacture of cycloid and other high teeth are far behind the developed countries in Europe and America. It can be said that it is basically in the beginning stage, which seriously restricts the improvement of the level of independent design and manufacture, as well as the improvement of the level of independent design and manufacture. On the basis of this, this paper mainly aims at the system research of the hypoid gear with hypoid hypoid of cycloid gear with oli Kang made from two aspects, from the tooth surface meshing performance analysis and the tooth surface design method, and has compiled a complete set of design and analysis software. The main research results of this paper are as follows: (1) the modeling and connection of the hypoid gear tooth surface of the Cycloid Teeth. The geometric parameters and the machining parameters of the hypoid tooth billet of hypoid gear teeth of cycloid teeth are calculated. A simulation method for the machining of tooth surface is established, which is suitable for the kindberger system and orkang system. A complete tooth surface model, including the working tooth surface and the tooth root transition surface, is established. The basic formula of the pair tooth surface meshing of hypoid hypoid gears with Cycloid Teeth is derived, and a new method of calculating the instantaneous contact ellipse is put forward, and the geometric analysis method of the edge contact is given. The contact analysis model of the cycloid tooth quasi double surface gear tooth is established by combining with the gear geometric analysis and mechanical analysis. On this basis, the model of the gear tooth contact analysis is established. The contact stress and the bending stress process are analyzed and a new method for calculating the time varying meshing stiffness of gear pair is proposed. (2) the sensitivity analysis and pre correction of the error of the hypoid gear tooth surface of the Cycloid Teeth. The tool parameters, the tool disk parameters and the machine tool setting are analyzed by the method of quantitative perturbation. The parameters and the influence of all processing parameters on the tooth surface topology, including the roll ratio correction parameters, have obtained the combination of the machining parameters which have great influence on the tooth surface error. The pre correction optimization model of the tooth surface error of the hypoid gear tooth is established, and the two time sequence programming algorithm is used to solve the model, and the processing parameters are obtained. (3) active design of hypoid gear tooth surface of Cycloid Teeth. Based on the principle of conjugation, the theoretical tooth surface of large wheel is used as a hypothetical shape wheel. In the meshing coordinate system, the small wheel auxiliary tooth surface is formed in contact with the line and satisfies the prepositioned transmission error curve in the meshing coordinate system, and then the auxiliary tooth surface along the meshing side is along the meshing side. The shape of the three segment parabolic curve fixed according to the preset contact impression is repaired, and the small wheel target tooth surface is obtained to meet the preposition meshing performance. An optimization model is set up with the minimum square sum of the normal error of the small wheel tooth surface and the target tooth surface, and the weight coefficient is introduced to control the approximation of both sides of the tooth surface processed by the double sided method. In the end, the meshing performance of a side tooth surface can be guaranteed selectively. Finally, the two time sequence programming algorithm is used to solve the model, and the parameter adjustment of the small wheel machining is obtained. Based on the theoretical tooth surface, this method provides an effective method for the engagement performance of the two sides of the cycloid rack and other teeth of the other teeth. (4) the actual tooth surface meshing performance analysis and active design of hypoid gear gear tooth surface based on measurement. Based on the discrete coordinate point of the tooth surface measured by the high precision gear measurement center, the principle and method of the actual tooth surface fitting are studied. The shape value points of the tooth surface are extracted, and the measured teeth are solved through the control vertex and the weight factor, and the measured teeth are obtained. The surface fitting surface and its parameterized representation are expressed, and the accuracy of the surface fitting is verified. The mathematical model of the actual tooth surface meshing simulation analysis is established and solved. Compared with the traditional rolling inspection, the actual tooth surface meshing simulation analysis can obtain the transmission error curve while obtaining the contact marks of the tooth surface, and the actual tooth is completely reflected. In order to avoid the problem of inconsistent evaluation datum in the simulation results of the theoretical tooth surface, the problem of inconsistent evaluation datum of the theoretical tooth surface is avoided. The active design method of the hypoid gear tooth surface of the cycloid tooth surface based on the actual tooth surface is put forward, which is based on the actual tooth surface. The deviation caused by the difference and heat treatment is only necessary to correct the meshing performance of the small wheel tooth surface. It is very beneficial to shorten the test period. (5) test and contrast analysis and verification. Taking the olerkang Spirac method for a high-speed vehicle bridge gear pair as an example, the gear cutting, tooth surface measurement, rolling test and test are carried out. Theoretical tooth surface modeling, geometric contact analysis and tooth surface active design verification are made. The results obtained from the simulation method are compared with the test results and the simulation results of the latest spiral bevel gear design analysis software KIMoS5 of klin bainge. The method of the tooth surface modeling, the geometric contact analysis method of the theoretical tooth surface and the tooth surface are verified. The active design method is effective and feasible for the actual tooth meshing simulation analysis method.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TH132.41

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