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  本文選題：單盤積油轉(zhuǎn)子 + 積油旋轉(zhuǎn)形態(tài)�。� 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：旋轉(zhuǎn)機械是工業(yè)中運用最廣泛的機械之一,大部分的旋轉(zhuǎn)機械如汽輪機、壓縮機、航空發(fā)動機等裝置內(nèi)部均有空心腔體結(jié)構(gòu)。由于裝置自身密封不良或者存在裝配缺陷,轉(zhuǎn)子旋轉(zhuǎn)腔體內(nèi)常貯存有或泄漏入油液,形成積油轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)。在某些特定條件下,積油會導(dǎo)致整個轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生強烈的自激振動,一方面會給支撐結(jié)構(gòu)帶來較大的載荷力,另一方面,也會使旋轉(zhuǎn)機械腔體產(chǎn)生較大的變形,從而導(dǎo)致轉(zhuǎn)靜件碰摩,引起機械結(jié)構(gòu)破壞。因此,研究積油轉(zhuǎn)子動力學(xué)特性對于旋轉(zhuǎn)機械的長期穩(wěn)定運行具有十分重要的意義。本文以單盤積油轉(zhuǎn)子作為研究對象,在流體仿真和實驗驗證基礎(chǔ)之上,獲得積油形態(tài)變化規(guī)律。隨后,基于油團力學(xué)相似簡化和Lagrange方程建立單盤積油轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)動力學(xué)模型。最后,采用數(shù)值解析方法,分析了積油轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的動力學(xué)特性。主要工作包括以下：(1)基于單盤積油轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)積油盤模型,建立油-盤流體仿真二維模型,采用Gambit網(wǎng)格劃分工具,通過網(wǎng)格分塊劃分方法和邊界加密處理,獲得油-盤流體仿真結(jié)構(gòu)化網(wǎng)格。(2)采用Fluent仿真軟件VOF兩相流模型,基于流體靜壓監(jiān)測,分析系統(tǒng)偏心、液體類型、積液高度、圓盤轉(zhuǎn)速四個特征參數(shù)對積液旋轉(zhuǎn)形態(tài)的影響。并通過搭建單盤積油轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)試驗臺,驗證流體仿真結(jié)果。(3)基于油團力學(xué)相似性簡化,獲得單盤積油轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)五自由度動力學(xué)建模方法,進而通過Lagrange方程以及系統(tǒng)動能、勢能以及油團阻尼能分析,建立了系統(tǒng)動力學(xué)方程。(4)基于數(shù)值解析,分析了轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)在無油團作用下的動力學(xué)響應(yīng)和油團影響下的動力學(xué)響應(yīng)。具體包括轉(zhuǎn)速、積液量和支撐條件對積油轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)振動響應(yīng)的影響規(guī)律。積油形態(tài)研究表明,轉(zhuǎn)軸偏心對積油轉(zhuǎn)子的積油形態(tài)影響較大,當(dāng)系統(tǒng)存在偏心時,積油會出現(xiàn)聚合效應(yīng),無偏心時,積油均勻分布于轉(zhuǎn)盤內(nèi)壁。系統(tǒng)動力學(xué)特性研究表明積油的存在對系統(tǒng)振動響應(yīng)影響明顯,積油轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)中特定的轉(zhuǎn)速、積液量和支撐條件均會激發(fā)系統(tǒng)由于積油存在而產(chǎn)生的共振鎖頻現(xiàn)象,導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)振動幅值過大,出現(xiàn)異常振動現(xiàn)象。
[Abstract]:Rotating machinery is one of the most widely used machinery in industry. Most rotating machinery such as steam turbines, compressors, aeroengines and other devices have hollow cavity structure. Because of the poor sealing or assembly defect of the device itself, the rotor system is often stored or leaked into the oil system. Under certain special conditions, the accumulation of oil will cause the whole rotor system to produce strong self-excited vibration. On the one hand, it will bring a large load force to the supporting structure, on the other hand, it will also cause a large deformation of the rotating mechanical cavity. This results in rub-impact of rotating static parts and damage of mechanical structure. Therefore, it is very important to study the dynamic characteristics of oil-bearing rotor for the long-term and stable operation of rotating machinery. On the basis of fluid simulation and experimental verification, this paper takes the single disc oil rotor as the research object, and obtains the variation law of oil form. Then, based on the similarity simplification of oil mass mechanics and Lagrange equation, the dynamic model of single disc oil rotor system is established. Finally, the dynamic characteristics of oil-bearing rotor system are analyzed by numerical analysis method. The main works are as follows: (1) based on the single disk oil rotor system oil disk model, a two-dimensional oil-disk fluid simulation model is established, and Gambit mesh generation tool is used to solve the problem. The structured grid of oil-disk fluid simulation is obtained. (2) based on hydrostatic pressure monitoring, the influence of four characteristic parameters, such as system eccentricity, liquid type, liquid height and disk rotational speed, on the rotational configuration of fluid is analyzed by using fluent simulation software VOF two-phase flow model. The results of fluid simulation are verified by setting up a single disc oil rotor system test rig. (3) based on the similarity simplification of oil mass mechanics, the five degree of freedom dynamic modeling method of single disc oil rotor system is obtained, and then the Lagrange equation and the kinetic energy of the system are obtained. Based on the analysis of potential energy and oil mass damping energy, the dynamic equations of the system are established. (4) based on the numerical analysis, the dynamic response of the rotor system under the action of no oil cluster and the dynamic response under the influence of the oil mass are analyzed. The effects of rotational speed, liquid accumulation and supporting conditions on the vibration response of oil-bearing rotor system are discussed. The results show that the eccentricity of rotating shaft has a great influence on the oil accumulation of the rotor. When the system is eccentric, the oil will be polymerized, and the oil will distribute uniformly on the inner wall of the rotary disk without eccentricity. The dynamic characteristics of the system show that the presence of oil has an obvious effect on the vibration response of the system. The specific rotational speed, liquid accumulation and supporting conditions in the oil rotor system can all stimulate the resonance frequency locking phenomenon of the system due to the existence of the oil. The vibration amplitude of the system is too large and abnormal vibration occurs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TH113

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本文編號：2092650