本文選題：柔性制造系統(tǒng) + 離散事件動(dòng)態(tài)系統(tǒng)　； 參考：《長(zhǎng)春工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：柔性制造作為一種多批量小品種的生產(chǎn)方式能夠適應(yīng)當(dāng)今制造業(yè)發(fā)展的要求,并能迅速地向市場(chǎng)提供多種多樣的產(chǎn)品。但柔性制造系統(tǒng)在實(shí)施過程中存在投資大、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)性及不可預(yù)見性高等問題,特別是其控制過程具有異步、并發(fā)的離散動(dòng)態(tài)特性,分析、控制難度大,因此對(duì)柔性制造系統(tǒng)中的控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行建模與仿真一直是學(xué)術(shù)界重視和研究的問題。分析柔性制造系統(tǒng)的首要任務(wù)就是對(duì)其進(jìn)行建模。本文采用的Petri網(wǎng)是一種結(jié)構(gòu)化的、可視化的描述語言,能夠?qū)ο到y(tǒng)中的事件進(jìn)行模擬,突出各系統(tǒng)要素間的邏輯關(guān)系,捕捉事件發(fā)生的先后順序。因此本文采用Petri網(wǎng)作為建模工具,而基本Petri網(wǎng)描述系統(tǒng)的能力不足,而且隨著系統(tǒng)復(fù)雜程度的增強(qiáng),建立模型將會(huì)出現(xiàn)組合爆炸等問題。針對(duì)以上問題,本文提出一種面向?qū)ο蟮馁x時(shí)著色Petri網(wǎng),用以解決諸如節(jié)點(diǎn)爆炸、分析難度大、可重復(fù)利用性差等問題。本文采用賦時(shí)Petri網(wǎng)對(duì)其中的變遷賦予時(shí)間屬性來描述系統(tǒng)中有關(guān)時(shí)間屬性的事件,如加工、運(yùn)輸?shù)?用著色Petri網(wǎng)對(duì)其中的狀態(tài)或變遷賦予顏色屬性,用來區(qū)分同一類型系統(tǒng)要素的不同個(gè)體,以達(dá)到減小網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)模的目的;從面向?qū)ο蟮慕嵌?按照屬性、行為或狀態(tài)將控制系統(tǒng)分為若干模塊并將其內(nèi)部運(yùn)行機(jī)制進(jìn)行封裝,系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行時(shí)各對(duì)象僅通過對(duì)外信息傳遞的接口進(jìn)行溝通,使模型更加層次化、簡(jiǎn)潔化。對(duì)象之間的信息傳遞由門變遷控制,而系統(tǒng)通過控制門變遷的激發(fā)來協(xié)調(diào)不同對(duì)象所進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)及順序來解決系統(tǒng)中出現(xiàn)的沖突、死鎖等問題。Petri網(wǎng)對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了靜態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)和邏輯描述,為了對(duì)其進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)分析,本文將Petri網(wǎng)中的邏輯控制關(guān)系和消息傳遞機(jī)制等映射到仿真軟件Flexsim中,利用Flexsim面向?qū)ο蠼５募夹g(shù)驅(qū)動(dòng)Petri網(wǎng),通過仿真來驗(yàn)證Petri網(wǎng)的動(dòng)態(tài)特性。對(duì)模型中各對(duì)象的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)及結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)中存在的突發(fā)事件如機(jī)床故障、訂單加急等狀況。針對(duì)出現(xiàn)的問題,本文采用一種嵌入式的啟發(fā)式算法對(duì)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行中出現(xiàn)的不確定性問題如機(jī)床故障、加急訂單等通過重新規(guī)劃加工路徑、分配替代加工設(shè)備等控制方法,以減少生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)中諸如設(shè)備使用沖突和資源浪費(fèi)等問題的發(fā)生,從而提高柔性制造系統(tǒng)的生產(chǎn)效率。通過對(duì)控制系統(tǒng)改進(jìn)前后的仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,證明了本文提出的面向?qū)ο蟮馁x時(shí)著色Petri網(wǎng)在對(duì)柔性制造控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行靜態(tài)描述和動(dòng)態(tài)分析、控制中的有效性和實(shí)用性。
[Abstract]:As a multi-batch and small-variety mode of production, flexible manufacturing can meet the requirements of the development of the manufacturing industry today, and can quickly provide a variety of products to the market. However, the flexible manufacturing system has many problems, such as large investment, high risk and unpredictable, especially its control process has asynchronous, concurrent discrete dynamic characteristics, analysis, control is very difficult. Therefore, modeling and simulation of the control system in FMS has always been an important issue in academic circles. The first task of analyzing flexible manufacturing system is to model it. The Petri net used in this paper is a structured and visual description language, which can simulate the events in the system, highlight the logical relationship between the elements of the system, and capture the sequence of events. Therefore, Petri nets are used as modeling tools in this paper, but the basic Petri nets are insufficient to describe the system, and with the increase of the complexity of the system, there will be some problems such as combinatorial explosion. In order to solve the above problems, an object-oriented timed colored Petri net is proposed to solve the problems such as node explosion, difficult analysis and poor repeatability. In this paper, timed Petri nets are used to assign temporal attributes to transitions in the system, such as processing, transportation and so on, and colored Petri nets are used to assign color attributes to states or transitions. In order to reduce the scale of network, the control system is divided into several modules according to properties, behavior or state, and its internal running mechanism is encapsulated from the point of view of object oriented, which is used to distinguish the different individuals of the same type of system elements to achieve the purpose of reducing the scale of the network. When the system runs, each object communicates only through the interface of external information transmission, which makes the model more hierarchical and succinct. The transmission of information between objects is controlled by gate transitions, and the system coordinates the activities and sequences of different objects by controlling the excitation of gate transitions to resolve the conflicts that occur in the system. In order to analyze the static structure and logic of the system, the logic control relation and message passing mechanism in Petri net are mapped to Flexsim. The technology of Flexsim object-oriented modeling is used to drive Petri nets, and the dynamic characteristics of Petri nets are verified by simulation. By analyzing the running state and results of each object in the model, it is found that there are some unexpected events in the system, such as machine tool failure, order rush and so on. Aiming at the problems, this paper uses an embedded heuristic algorithm to control the uncertain problems such as machine tool failures, urgent orders and so on. In order to reduce the occurrence of problems such as equipment conflict and resource waste in production system, the production efficiency of flexible manufacturing system can be improved. By comparing the simulation results before and after the improvement of the control system, the validity and practicability of the proposed object-oriented timed colored Petri net for static description and dynamic analysis of the FMC are proved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)春工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH165;TP301.1

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