本文選題：渦旋式壓縮機 + 泄漏機理�。� 參考：《蘭州理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：渦旋式壓縮機是一種新型的容積式流體機械,與旋轉(zhuǎn)式壓縮機、往復(fù)式壓縮機相比較,具有內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、工作性能平穩(wěn)、氣流波動小、效率高、噪音低等優(yōu)點,目前已廣泛應(yīng)用于動力、制冷空調(diào)及醫(yī)藥等領(lǐng)域。渦旋式壓縮機內(nèi)部部件主要包括靜渦旋盤、動渦旋盤、支架體、平衡鐵、曲軸、防自轉(zhuǎn)機構(gòu)件等。動渦旋盤作回轉(zhuǎn)平動運動與靜渦旋盤相互嚙合,形成多個封閉壓縮腔,實現(xiàn)氣體的吸入、壓縮和排出。由于工作腔內(nèi)部存有非定�？蓧嚎s流動的泄漏問題,泄漏使得壓縮機的內(nèi)部流場和壓縮機性能發(fā)生改變。為了研究泄漏對渦旋式壓縮機工作腔流場的影響及流場變化規(guī)律,在分析和總結(jié)渦旋式壓縮機工作腔內(nèi)部泄漏模型的基礎(chǔ)上,采用理論計算方法和數(shù)值模擬方法分別對渦旋式壓縮機單個工作腔的切向泄漏機理、徑向泄漏機理進(jìn)行研究。首先,針對某一型號的渦旋式壓縮機,通過理論分析和運用MATLAB編程計算,獲得模擬仿真所需的幾何參數(shù)和熱力參數(shù),并對渦旋式壓縮機六種類型的內(nèi)泄漏模型的特點和適用性進(jìn)行了比較分析。第二,基于渦旋式壓縮機的基本幾何設(shè)計參數(shù)和熱力參數(shù),建立了單個工作腔的結(jié)構(gòu)化和非結(jié)構(gòu)化網(wǎng)格模型。采用不同的數(shù)值模擬方法,獲得渦旋式壓縮機工作過程中相鄰工作腔壓差變化、軸向間隙、轉(zhuǎn)速發(fā)生變化時對切向泄漏的影響以及內(nèi)部流場的分布規(guī)律。對比分析不同轉(zhuǎn)速下結(jié)構(gòu)化、非結(jié)構(gòu)化網(wǎng)格模型,網(wǎng)格質(zhì)量對數(shù)值模擬精度的影響。第三,研究渦旋式壓縮機軸向嚙合間隙的徑向泄漏機理。針對渦旋式壓縮機動旋渦盤受到傾覆力矩作用影響,使得動靜渦旋盤軸向間隙形成楔形角的泄漏問題,基于氣體動力學(xué)理論,建立了楔形平板間徑向泄漏模型。通過數(shù)值模擬得到單個工作腔的壓力場、速度場、溫度場的分布規(guī)律�？紤]氣體可壓縮性和摩擦損失的影響,將理論計算、數(shù)值模擬和實驗結(jié)果進(jìn)行了比較分析,驗證楔形平板間泄漏模型的準(zhǔn)確性。綜合上述研究表明:渦旋式壓縮機工作腔泄漏通道比較復(fù)雜,為提高效率減小泄漏,應(yīng)該綜合考慮不同工況下的影響因素。對于復(fù)雜流場分布規(guī)律實驗無法直接測得,可通過建立合理的仿真模型,應(yīng)用數(shù)值模擬方法進(jìn)行計算分析。
[Abstract]:Scroll compressor is a new type of volumetric fluid machinery. Compared with rotary compressor and reciprocating compressor, scroll compressor has the advantages of simple internal structure, stable working performance, low air flow fluctuation, high efficiency, low noise and so on. At present, it has been widely used in power, refrigeration, air conditioning, medicine and other fields. The internal components of scroll compressor mainly include static scroll disk, moving scroll disk, support body, balance iron, crankshaft, anti-rotation mechanism and so on. The rotating and translational motion of the moving vortex disk intermeshed with the static vortex disk to form a number of closed compressing cavities to realize the inhalation, compression and discharge of gases. Due to the leakage of unsteady compressible flow in the working chamber, the internal flow field and compressor performance of the compressor are changed by the leakage. In order to study the effect of leakage on the flow field of the working cavity of the scroll compressor and the variation law of the flow field, the leakage model of the working cavity of the scroll compressor is analyzed and summarized. The tangential leakage mechanism and radial leakage mechanism of a single working chamber of a scroll compressor are studied by theoretical calculation method and numerical simulation method respectively. First of all, for a certain type of scroll compressor, through theoretical analysis and MATLAB programming calculation, the geometric parameters and thermodynamic parameters needed for simulation are obtained. The characteristics and applicability of six types of internal leakage models for scroll compressors are compared and analyzed. Secondly, based on the basic geometric design parameters and thermodynamic parameters of a scroll compressor, a structured and unstructured grid model of a single working cavity is established. By using different numerical simulation methods, the influence of pressure difference, axial clearance and rotational speed on tangential leakage and the distribution of internal flow field in the working process of scroll compressor are obtained. The effects of structured and unstructured mesh models and mesh quality on the accuracy of numerical simulation are compared and analyzed. Thirdly, the radial leakage mechanism of axial meshing clearance of scroll compressor is studied. Aiming at the leakage of axial clearance of vortex compressor due to the effect of overturning moment, a radial leakage model between wedge plates is established based on the theory of gas dynamics. The distribution of pressure field, velocity field and temperature field in a single working cavity is obtained by numerical simulation. Considering the effects of gas compressibility and friction loss, the theoretical calculation, numerical simulation and experimental results are compared to verify the accuracy of the wedge plate leakage model. The results show that the leakage channel of the working chamber of the scroll compressor is more complex. In order to improve the efficiency and reduce the leakage the factors affecting the leakage under different working conditions should be considered comprehensively. The distribution law of complex flow field can not be measured directly in the experiment. The numerical simulation method can be used to calculate and analyze the complex flow field by establishing a reasonable simulation model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH45

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本文編號：1980355