本文選題：高速離心泵 + 誘導(dǎo)輪�。� 參考：《西華大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：高速離心泵是一種小流量高揚(yáng)程的特殊離心泵,由于高轉(zhuǎn)速的原因,在泵的進(jìn)口和內(nèi)部很容易發(fā)生回流漩渦和空化空蝕,減少回流漩渦和空化空蝕目前有很多的方法,其中在葉輪前加裝孔板和誘導(dǎo)輪的方法,可以有效的抑制回流漩渦和葉輪的空化,從而可以提高高速泵的水力性能。到目前為止未見有學(xué)者通過(guò)改變孔板的形式來(lái)研究其對(duì)回流漩渦的影響,本文通過(guò)不同形式的孔板抑制裝置,分析其對(duì)高速泵的進(jìn)口回流漩渦和空蝕的影響,研究確定出最佳的高速泵進(jìn)口空化空蝕抑制裝置形式。首先,通過(guò)單相定常流動(dòng)分析來(lái)確定孔板的幾何尺寸,利用正交實(shí)驗(yàn)方法確定孔板最佳的厚度、距誘導(dǎo)輪進(jìn)口的距離和孔徑,共設(shè)計(jì)九個(gè)方案。其次,改變孔板前、后傾斜角度,共設(shè)計(jì)出25種方案,計(jì)算分析得到對(duì)高速泵水力性能最好的五個(gè)方案。最后,對(duì)這五種方案進(jìn)行空化狀態(tài)下的計(jì)算分析,選擇出對(duì)回流漩渦抑制效果好,對(duì)高速泵空化改善最明顯的方案。通過(guò)分析得出的結(jié)論如下:(1)利用正交試驗(yàn)方法得到了適應(yīng)此高速離心泵的孔板抑制裝置的幾何尺寸,即孔板厚度B=20mm,孔板距離誘導(dǎo)輪進(jìn)口的距離L=1.15R,孔板內(nèi)徑D0=1.5R,其中R為進(jìn)口段半徑。(2)在設(shè)計(jì)工況下得出了,-10°/20°和-20°/10°這兩個(gè)方案無(wú)論在控制回流漩渦上還是對(duì)誘導(dǎo)輪和葉輪的內(nèi)部流場(chǎng)和空化的影響上,相對(duì)其他方案都有較大的優(yōu)勢(shì)。在小流量工況下,其中-20°/10°方案對(duì)于進(jìn)口段回流漩渦控制有良好的效果,誘導(dǎo)輪和葉輪的吸力面和壓力面的壓力變化很小,空化方面展現(xiàn)結(jié)果最好的為-20°/10°和20°/20°方案。(3)對(duì)高速泵的外特性進(jìn)行分析,由揚(yáng)程性能曲線可知,在小流量0.6Qd的工況下,對(duì)揚(yáng)程提高較大的方案為20°/20°方案;在設(shè)計(jì)工況下,揚(yáng)程提高最明顯的為-20°/10°和-10°/20°方案。由效率曲線可知,在小流量0.6Qd的工況下,效率提高最大的方案為0°/0°方案;在設(shè)計(jì)工況下,整體效率達(dá)到了一個(gè)最大值,對(duì)效率提高最大的為-20°/10°和-10°/20°方案,這兩個(gè)方案的效率大于傳統(tǒng)型孔板0°/0°方案大約2個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。綜上所述,本文提出的一種抑制高速泵進(jìn)口空化的孔板裝置,能夠有效地抑制泵進(jìn)口的回流漩渦和內(nèi)部的空化,同時(shí)有效的提高高速泵的水力性能。
[Abstract]:High speed centrifugal pump is a special centrifugal pump with small flow rate and high head. Due to the reason of high rotational speed, it is very easy to produce backflow vortex and cavitation erosion in the inlet and inside of the pump, and there are many ways to reduce the backflow vortex and cavitation erosion at present. The method of adding orifice plate and induction wheel in front of impeller can effectively restrain backflow vortex and cavitation of impeller and thus improve hydraulic performance of high speed pump. Up to now, no scholar has studied the influence of orifice plate on reflux vortex by changing the form of orifice plate. In this paper, the influence of different orifice plate suppression device on inlet reflux vortex and cavitation erosion of high speed pump is analyzed. The optimum cavitation inhibition device at the inlet of high speed pump was determined. Firstly, the geometric size of the orifice plate is determined by single-phase steady flow analysis, the optimum thickness of the plate, the distance and aperture to the inlet of the inducer are determined by the orthogonal experimental method, and nine schemes are designed. Secondly, 25 schemes are designed by changing the angle of the front and rear tilting of the orifice plate, and the five schemes with the best hydraulic performance for the high speed pump are obtained by calculation and analysis. Finally, through the calculation and analysis of the five schemes under the cavitation condition, the best scheme is selected to restrain the backflow vortex and improve the cavitation of the high speed pump. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the geometric size of the orifice suppression device suitable for this high speed centrifugal pump is obtained by using the orthogonal test method. That is, the thickness of orifice plate is 20 mm, the distance between orifice plate and induction wheel is 1.15R, and the inner diameter of hole plate is D0 1. 5R, where R is the radius of inlet section.) under the design condition, two schemes, namely, 10 擄-10 擄/ 20 擄/ 20 擄and -20 擄/ 10 擄, are obtained, both on the control of backflow vortex and on the induction wheel and impeller. In terms of the internal flow field and the effect of cavitation, Compared with other programs, there is a great advantage. Under the condition of small flow rate, -20 擄/ 10 擄scheme has a good effect on the return vortex control of inlet section, and the pressure of suction surface and pressure surface of induction wheel and impeller have little change. The best results of cavitation are -20 擄/ 10 擄and 20 擄/ 20 擄scheme. We analyze the external characteristics of the high speed pump. According to the performance curve of the head, we can see that under the condition of small flow rate 0.6Qd, the scheme of increasing the lift is 20 擄/ 20 擄, and in the design condition, The most significant elevation was -20 擄/ 10 擄and -10 擄/ -10 擄/ 20 擄. According to the efficiency curve, under the condition of small flow rate 0.6Qd, the maximum efficiency improvement scheme is 0 擄/ 0 擄scheme, and in the design condition, the overall efficiency reaches a maximum, and the maximum efficiency increases are -20 擄/ 10 擄and -10 擄/ 20 擄scheme. The efficiency of the two schemes is about 2 percentage points higher than that of the traditional orifice plate 0 擄/ 0 擄scheme. To sum up, a kind of orifice plate device which can restrain the cavitation at the inlet of the high speed pump is put forward in this paper, which can effectively restrain the return vortex and the cavitation inside the inlet of the pump, and at the same time, improve the hydraulic performance of the high speed pump effectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH311

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