本文選題：雙脈沖 + 缺陷尺寸��； 參考：《蘭州理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：滾動(dòng)軸承是旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)械中重要的零部件之一,一旦出現(xiàn)故障輕則引起設(shè)備失效,重則造成人員傷亡。因此,及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)滾動(dòng)軸承早期故障并準(zhǔn)確地得到故障程度的信息,對(duì)排除故障隱患、保障設(shè)備的安全運(yùn)行具有十分重要的意義。針對(duì)目前判別滾動(dòng)軸承故障擴(kuò)展程度困難的問(wèn)題,本文基于滾動(dòng)體經(jīng)過(guò)缺陷邊緣而產(chǎn)生的雙脈沖現(xiàn)象,根據(jù)信號(hào)波形與軸承運(yùn)行狀態(tài)的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,提出了基于雙脈沖響應(yīng)的軸承缺陷尺寸識(shí)別方法。本文的主要內(nèi)容如下:(1)提出了基于ARMED和Teager能量算子的滾動(dòng)軸承故障診斷方法。研究了滾動(dòng)軸承的振動(dòng)機(jī)理。根據(jù)局部缺陷振動(dòng)信號(hào)的特征,運(yùn)用ARMED算法反卷積得到故障引起的類(lèi)周期性脈沖;利用能量算子從高頻載波分量中解調(diào)得到故障成分;分析故障成分的能量譜,實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)故障發(fā)生部位和故障類(lèi)型的精準(zhǔn)判別。(2)提出了基于AR模型和Symlet小波的雙脈沖提取方法。分析了滾動(dòng)體與缺陷邊緣發(fā)生碰撞時(shí)產(chǎn)生的雙脈沖現(xiàn)象及機(jī)理。結(jié)合不同濾波器的特點(diǎn),采用AR濾波器濾除原始信號(hào)中的周期性固有頻率成分;利用能量算子削弱背景噪聲的影響和隨機(jī)脈沖的干擾;使用離散小波變換對(duì)信號(hào)進(jìn)行分解和重構(gòu),實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)混合信號(hào)中雙脈沖特征的準(zhǔn)確提取。通過(guò)構(gòu)造沖擊和階躍函數(shù)并添加噪聲實(shí)現(xiàn)了外圈故障軸承雙脈沖信號(hào)的模擬,采用所提出的方法準(zhǔn)確提取出了模擬信號(hào)中的雙脈沖成分,從而驗(yàn)證了該方法的有效性,為進(jìn)一步估計(jì)缺陷尺寸提供了依據(jù)和手段。(3)提出了基于雙脈沖響應(yīng)的軸承故障尺寸識(shí)別方法。研究了雙脈沖信號(hào)的波形特征與滾動(dòng)體經(jīng)過(guò)缺陷區(qū)域時(shí)所處位置之間的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系�？紤]滾動(dòng)體滑動(dòng)因素對(duì)缺陷尺寸估計(jì)的影響,基于滾動(dòng)軸承運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)及雙脈沖信號(hào)表征的時(shí)間信息,推導(dǎo)出了缺陷尺寸的計(jì)算公式。通過(guò)一組不同轉(zhuǎn)速下的外圈故障實(shí)驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證了本文所提方法對(duì)滾動(dòng)軸承故障位置的鑒別及故障程度的判定的正確性和合理性。
[Abstract]:Rolling bearing is one of the most important parts in rotating machinery.Therefore, it is very important to find out the early fault of rolling bearing and get the information of fault degree in time, which is very important to eliminate the hidden trouble and ensure the safe operation of the equipment.In view of the difficulty in judging the fault extension degree of rolling bearing at present, based on the phenomenon of double pulse caused by rolling body passing through the defect edge, according to the corresponding relation between signal waveform and bearing running state,A method of bearing defect size identification based on double pulse response is proposed.The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) A rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on ARMED and Teager energy operator is proposed.The vibration mechanism of rolling bearing is studied.According to the characteristic of the local defect vibration signal, the ARMED algorithm is used to deconvolution to obtain the quasi-periodic pulse caused by the fault; the energy operator is used to demodulate the fault component from the high-frequency carrier component; and the energy spectrum of the fault component is analyzed.The method of double pulse extraction based on AR model and Symlet wavelet is presented.The phenomenon and mechanism of double pulse produced when rolling body collides with defect edge are analyzed.Combined with the characteristics of different filters, AR filter is used to filter the periodic natural frequency components of the original signal, and the energy operator is used to weaken the influence of background noise and the interference of random pulses.Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is used to decompose and reconstruct the signal to extract the dual pulse features from the mixed signal accurately.By constructing shock and step function and adding noise to realize the simulation of double pulse signal of outer ring fault bearing, the proposed method is used to accurately extract the double pulse component from the analog signal, which verifies the effectiveness of the method.The method of bearing fault size identification based on double pulse response is presented.The relationship between the waveform characteristics of the double pulse signal and the position of the rolling body passing through the defect region is studied.Considering the influence of rolling sliding factors on defect size estimation, the calculation formula of defect size is derived based on the time information of rolling bearing kinematics and double pulse signal representation.The correctness and rationality of the method proposed in this paper for identifying the fault location of rolling bearing and judging the fault degree are verified by a group of experiments on the fault of outer ring at different rotational speeds.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TH133.33

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