本文選題：應(yīng)變強(qiáng)化　切入點(diǎn)：外壓屈曲　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：深冷容器作為低溫液化氣體的常用儲(chǔ)運(yùn)裝備,在化工、機(jī)械、航空航天等領(lǐng)域已得到了廣泛應(yīng)用,需求量也不斷增長。應(yīng)變強(qiáng)化技術(shù)能夠減薄壁厚、降低重容比,實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)能省材、降耗減排的目標(biāo),符合安全與經(jīng)濟(jì)并重、安全與資源節(jié)約并重的發(fā)展理念,已廣泛應(yīng)用于奧氏體不銹鋼應(yīng)變強(qiáng)化深冷容器的制造。然而,應(yīng)變強(qiáng)化對(duì)容器外壓穩(wěn)定性的影響尚不明確。應(yīng)變強(qiáng)化技術(shù)在提高材料強(qiáng)度實(shí)現(xiàn)輕量化的同時(shí),對(duì)外壓穩(wěn)定性的影響也可能會(huì)成為制約其輕量化效果的關(guān)鍵因素。因此,研究應(yīng)變強(qiáng)化對(duì)容器外壓穩(wěn)定性的影響就顯得非常必要。本文在浙江省重點(diǎn)科技創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目(項(xiàng)目編號(hào)2010R50001)、中央高�；究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金(項(xiàng)目編號(hào)2014FZA4024)、中國博士后科學(xué)基金(項(xiàng)目編號(hào)2014M551731)等的支持下,開展應(yīng)變強(qiáng)化壓力容器的外壓屈曲研究,主要完成工作如下：(1)介紹了外壓容器的設(shè)計(jì)方法,闡述了屈曲問題的通用求解策略、有限元中屈曲問題求解的基本理論以及ANSYS中常用的屈曲分析方法,建立了應(yīng)變強(qiáng)化深冷容器的非線性分析模型并模擬應(yīng)變強(qiáng)化過程,通過比較數(shù)值模擬值和產(chǎn)品實(shí)測值,驗(yàn)證了模型的準(zhǔn)確性與方法的合理性,基于此模型分析了強(qiáng)化帶來的影響,確立了適用于分析應(yīng)變強(qiáng)化壓力容器外壓穩(wěn)定性的非線性屈曲分析方法。使用本文建立的模型和方法進(jìn)行了理想容器強(qiáng)化后的屈曲分析,認(rèn)為強(qiáng)化前后容器均呈現(xiàn)不穩(wěn)定的分支屈曲,有必要考慮缺陷的影響。(2)對(duì)比了在無法精確獲得實(shí)際結(jié)構(gòu)真實(shí)完整的缺陷數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)考慮初始幾何缺陷的兩種常用方法,選擇不圓度作為容器的初始幾何缺陷形式,并建立了含初始不圓度容器模型,應(yīng)用本文確立的應(yīng)變強(qiáng)化壓力容器外壓屈曲分析方法求解強(qiáng)化后容器的屈曲載荷,探究了應(yīng)變強(qiáng)化過程對(duì)于含初始不圓度容器不圓度以及屈曲載荷的影響規(guī)律,發(fā)現(xiàn)了強(qiáng)化后容器外壓穩(wěn)定性增強(qiáng),屈曲載荷有穩(wěn)定化趨勢,并從強(qiáng)化對(duì)容器屈曲類型的影響方面分析了原因。(3)基于應(yīng)變強(qiáng)化對(duì)含初始不圓度容器外壓屈曲的綜合影響規(guī)律,分別分析了應(yīng)變強(qiáng)化過程的加載歷史、應(yīng)變強(qiáng)化過程中容器的變形以及強(qiáng)化-卸載后的殘余應(yīng)力三方面因素對(duì)容器屈曲載荷的影響,明確了應(yīng)變強(qiáng)化過程中容器的變形是應(yīng)變強(qiáng)化對(duì)于容器外壓屈曲最主要的影響因素,進(jìn)一步闡明了應(yīng)變強(qiáng)化對(duì)容器外壓屈曲的影響規(guī)律。提出在分析容器強(qiáng)化后的性能時(shí),可考慮只提取應(yīng)變強(qiáng)化過程中產(chǎn)生的變形,以簡化對(duì)于應(yīng)變強(qiáng)化過程影響的考慮。
[Abstract]:Cryogenic vessels, as common storage and transportation equipment for cryogenic liquefied gases, have been widely used in chemical, mechanical, aerospace and other fields, and the demand is increasing.Strain strengthening technology can reduce the thickness of the wall, reduce the ratio of weight to capacity, achieve the goal of saving energy and materials, reduce consumption and reduce emissions, and accord with the development concept of equal emphasis on safety and economy, safety and resource saving.It has been widely used in the manufacture of austenitic stainless steel strain-strengthened cryogenic vessels.However, the effect of strain strengthening on the external pressure stability of the vessel is unclear.Strain strengthening technology can improve the strength of materials to achieve lightweight, at the same time, the influence of external pressure stability may also be a key factor restricting the lightweight effect.Therefore, it is necessary to study the effect of strain strengthening on the external pressure stability of the vessel.This paper is supported by the key scientific and technological innovation team project of Zhejiang Province (project number 2010R50001), the special fund for basic scientific research operating expenses of central colleges and universities (project number 2014FZA4024), the China Post-doctoral Science Foundation (project number 2014M551731), etc.The research on external pressure buckling of strain-strengthened pressure vessel is carried out. The main work is as follows: 1) the design method of external pressure vessel is introduced, and the general solution strategy of buckling problem is expounded.The basic theory of solving buckling problem in finite element method and the buckling analysis method commonly used in ANSYS are established. The nonlinear analysis model of strain-strengthened cryogenic vessel is established and the strain strengthening process is simulated. The numerical simulation value and the product measured value are compared.The accuracy of the model and the reasonableness of the method are verified. Based on the model, the influence of strengthening is analyzed, and a nonlinear buckling analysis method is established to analyze the external pressure stability of pressure vessels strengthened by strain.By using the model and method established in this paper, the buckling analysis of the ideal vessel after strengthening is carried out, and it is concluded that the vessel presents unstable branch buckling before and after reinforcement.It is necessary to consider the effect of defects. (2) comparing the two common methods of considering initial geometric defects when the true and complete defect data of the actual structure can not be obtained accurately, the non-circular degree is chosen as the initial geometric defect form of the vessel.The model of vessel with initial non-roundness is established. The buckling analysis method of strain-strengthened pressure vessel is used to calculate the buckling load of the vessel after strengthening.The influence of strain strengthening process on the unroundness and buckling load of vessel with initial non-roundness is investigated. It is found that the external pressure stability of the vessel is enhanced and the buckling load is stabilized after strengthening.Based on the comprehensive effect of strain strengthening on the buckling of vessels with initial non-roundness, the loading history of the strain strengthening process is analyzed respectively from the point of view of the effect of strengthening on the buckling types of containers.The effect of the deformation of the vessel and the residual stress after strengthening and unloading on the buckling load of the vessel during strain strengthening.It is clear that the deformation of the vessel is the most important factor affecting the external pressure buckling of the vessel during strain strengthening, and the effect of strain strengthening on the buckling of the vessel under external pressure is further clarified.In order to simplify the consideration of the effect of strain strengthening, it is suggested that only the deformation produced in the process of strain strengthening can be taken into account in the analysis of the performance of the vessel after strengthening.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TH49

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