本文選題：超低溫球閥　切入點：壓力角　出處：《蘭州理工大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：低溫壓力容器在社會生活中越來越常見,超低溫閥門作為重要的配套設備,在該領域的使用數(shù)量也在日益增多。而此類閥門在設計時仍缺乏理論分析和標準依據(jù),且在使用經(jīng)驗較少的情況下,極易出現(xiàn)冷變形及密封泄漏等問題。作為關鍵設備用的超低溫球閥需要通過設計創(chuàng)新和技術研發(fā)來解決產(chǎn)品長期依賴于進口和國產(chǎn)化難的技術問題。在低溫壓力容器領域中,超低溫閥門要承受更為苛刻的工作環(huán)境。在低溫工況下,結構上的溫度分布、密封處的熱應力及低溫下的設計參數(shù)是確保閥門正常使用的必要條件。因為巨大溫差帶來的熱變形,使得主密封副的性能降低,因而必須改善閥門的設計參數(shù),以彌補溫度場所引起的密封不足,避免引發(fā)泄漏。超低溫金屬球閥的主密封副性能是涉及生產(chǎn)制造、操作使用的核心要素。本文以LNG用超低溫固定球閥為研究對象(包括結構參數(shù)、溫度變化和深冷處理等),對主密封結構進行參數(shù)化研究。推導理想光滑接觸面的密封比壓計算公式;基于傳熱學理論和沸騰換熱原理,通過總結前人的經(jīng)驗公式和實驗結果,聯(lián)立求解出奧氏體不銹鋼在液氮中瞬態(tài)對流換熱系數(shù)。采用有限元分析手段建立主密封結構的有限元分析模型,結合數(shù)值模擬的方法對超低溫球閥在低溫下傳熱和密封問題進行研究,獲得閥座密封面上的密封比壓分布規(guī)律,確定影響閥座密封特性的主要設計參數(shù)(包括溫度、壓力角)。模擬深冷處理工藝,研究溫度場瞬態(tài)溫度變化,探索密封面上的熱力耦合作用效果、對比分析密封比壓的分布規(guī)律,對主密封結構的設計和實際使用提出指導性建議。
[Abstract]:Cryogenic pressure vessels are becoming more and more common in social life. As an important auxiliary equipment, the use of ultra-low temperature valves in this field is also increasing day by day. However, there is still a lack of theoretical analysis and standard basis for the design of these valves. And with less experience, Cold deformation and sealing leakage are easy to occur. As a key equipment, ultra-low temperature ball valves need to solve the technical problems of long-term dependence on imports and localization of products through design innovation and technology development. In the field of cryogenic pressure vessels, The ultra-low temperature valve has to withstand more severe working conditions. At low temperature conditions, the temperature distribution on the structure, The thermal stress in the seal and the design parameters at low temperature are necessary to ensure the normal use of the valve. Because of the thermal deformation caused by the huge temperature difference, the performance of the main sealing pair is reduced, and the design parameters of the valve must be improved. In order to make up for the lack of sealing caused by temperature and avoid leakage. The performance of the main sealing pair of the ultra-low temperature metal ball valve is related to production and manufacture. The core elements of operation. In this paper, the ultra-low temperature fixed ball valve used in LNG (including structural parameters) is taken as the research object. The parameterized study of the main seal structure is carried out by temperature variation and cryogenic treatment. The formula for calculating the seal specific pressure of the ideal smooth contact surface is derived. Based on the theory of heat transfer and boiling heat transfer, the previous empirical formulas and experimental results are summarized. The transient convection heat transfer coefficient of austenitic stainless steel in liquid nitrogen was solved simultaneously. The finite element analysis model of the main sealing structure was established by finite element analysis. Combined with numerical simulation method, the heat transfer and sealing problems of ultra-low temperature ball valve at low temperature are studied. The specific pressure distribution on the seat seal surface is obtained, and the main design parameters (including temperature) that affect the sealing characteristics of the valve seat are determined. By simulating the cryogenic treatment process, the transient temperature change of temperature field is studied, the effect of thermal coupling on sealing surface is explored, the distribution law of seal specific pressure is compared and analyzed, and some guiding suggestions are put forward for the design and practical application of main seal structure.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH134

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本文編號：1642133