本文選題：碳刷　切入點(diǎn)：數(shù)據(jù)處理　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：碳刷是由銅和石墨為主要組分制成的一種銅／石墨復(fù)合材料,由于具有良好的導(dǎo)電性和耐磨性在諸多需要導(dǎo)電且耐磨的領(lǐng)域得到了極大的應(yīng)用,結(jié)合碳刷的實(shí)際工作環(huán)境,本文研究了某一特定組分的碳刷在特定速度、水介質(zhì)和不同載荷等工作環(huán)境下的磨損特性及機(jī)理。第一,結(jié)合碳刷的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)對復(fù)合材料的磨損特性做出了理論分析,描述了摩擦副接觸面的微觀接觸情況,預(yù)測了復(fù)合材料的磨損率與載荷的關(guān)系、材料的表面磨損情況和磨損機(jī)理,指出：載荷越大磨損率越大,但是兩者并非線性關(guān)系；材料的表面磨損是不均勻的,與運(yùn)動形式和載荷等有關(guān)；磨損過程中存在有粘著磨損、磨粒磨損和疲勞磨損的綜合作用；第二,簡要闡述了自行研制的碳刷磨損試驗(yàn)機(jī)總體方案及加載原理,針對試樣浸水后增重并膨脹的特點(diǎn)確定了線磨損量的測量方法,并采用自制碳刷磨損試驗(yàn)機(jī)將試樣分為低載荷、中載荷和高載荷三組進(jìn)行磨損試驗(yàn),分別對試樣表面五個點(diǎn)的線磨損量進(jìn)行測量,得出試樣表面在一系列選定時(shí)刻的線磨損量；對實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中可能出現(xiàn)的誤差進(jìn)行分析,確定使用t檢驗(yàn)準(zhǔn)則對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理,得出線磨損量-時(shí)間、磨損率-時(shí)間、線磨損量-載荷以及表面形狀等各種變化曲線及結(jié)果；第三,綜合上述理論分析和試驗(yàn)分析結(jié)果,結(jié)合具體試驗(yàn)條件,并運(yùn)用工具顯微鏡對多種試驗(yàn)條件下的不同組分的碳刷試樣磨損后的表面進(jìn)行觀察分析,首先從試驗(yàn)的加載方式和試樣運(yùn)動方式兩個方面對載荷的影響進(jìn)行綜合分析,驗(yàn)證了理論分析的結(jié)論；然后論述并驗(yàn)證了磨損過程中的石墨潤滑膜的存在；最后對碳刷磨損試驗(yàn)進(jìn)程中不同磨損階段的磨損機(jī)理進(jìn)行了總結(jié)。最后,總結(jié)了本文的研究內(nèi)容及結(jié)論,結(jié)合研究過程中出現(xiàn)的問題對后續(xù)工作進(jìn)行了展望。
[Abstract]:Carbon brush is a kind of copper / graphite composite material made of copper and graphite. Because of its good electrical conductivity and wear resistance, it has been applied in many fields which need electric conduction and wear resistance, and combined with the actual working environment of carbon brush. In this paper, the wear characteristics and mechanism of a certain carbon brush under certain working conditions, such as specific velocity, water medium and different loads, are studied. Firstly, the wear characteristics of the composite are theoretically analyzed in combination with the structural characteristics of the carbon brush. The microcosmic contact of friction pair is described. The relationship between wear rate and load, surface wear and wear mechanism are predicted. It is pointed out that the greater the load is, the greater the wear rate is, but the relationship between them is not linear. The surface wear of the material is uneven, related to the form of movement and load, etc., there are adhesive wear, abrasive wear and fatigue wear in the wear process. The general scheme and loading principle of the self-developed carbon brush wear tester are briefly described. According to the characteristics of weight gain and expansion of the sample after immersion, the measuring method of the linear wear quantity is determined, and the specimen is divided into low loads by the self-made carbon brush wear tester. Three groups of moderate and high load wear tests were carried out to measure the linear wear amount of five points on the surface of the specimen, and the linear wear amount of the sample surface at a series of selected times was obtained, and the possible errors in the process of the experiment were analyzed. It is determined to use t test criterion to process the data and obtain various curves and results of line wear volume, wear rate and time, linear wear rate and load, and surface shape. Thirdly, the above theoretical analysis and experimental analysis results are synthesised. Combined with the specific test conditions and using the tool microscope to observe and analyze the worn surface of carbon brush samples with different components under various test conditions. The influence of loading mode and specimen movement on the load is analyzed synthetically, and the conclusion of theoretical analysis is verified, then the existence of graphite lubricating film in the process of wear is discussed and verified. Finally, the wear mechanism of different wear stages in the process of carbon brush wear test is summarized. Finally, the research contents and conclusions of this paper are summarized, and the future work is prospected in combination with the problems in the research process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TH117.1

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