本文選題：電液激振器　切入點(diǎn)：閥芯旋轉(zhuǎn)式激振閥　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在現(xiàn)有的激振方式中,電液激振具有功率密度高、推力大、負(fù)載自適應(yīng)和無級調(diào)幅等優(yōu)點(diǎn),因此獲得了廣泛的應(yīng)用。與傳統(tǒng)伺服閥控電液激振器相比,閥芯旋轉(zhuǎn)式電液激振器可以突破閥芯往復(fù)運(yùn)動結(jié)構(gòu)存在的局限,獲得更高的工作頻率,但是針對振動實(shí)驗(yàn)、地震模擬等場合需要的精準(zhǔn)振動問題,需要進(jìn)一步研究。精準(zhǔn)振動包括兩個方面,一是振動頻率準(zhǔn)確,二是振動波形準(zhǔn)確。閥芯旋轉(zhuǎn)式激振閥是閥芯旋轉(zhuǎn)式電液激振器的核心元件。閥芯旋轉(zhuǎn)式電液激振器的工作頻率由閥芯轉(zhuǎn)速決定,振動波形由閥口形狀和尺寸等幾何特征決定,閥芯轉(zhuǎn)速的穩(wěn)定性以及振動波形和閥口幾何特征的準(zhǔn)確解算是這類激振技術(shù)發(fā)展關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。在國家自然科學(xué)基金"閥芯旋轉(zhuǎn)式大功率電液激振基礎(chǔ)理論和技術(shù)"(51275 499)的資助下對閥芯旋轉(zhuǎn)式激振閥展開研究,針對目前閥芯旋轉(zhuǎn)式電液激振技術(shù)中存在的振動不準(zhǔn)確的問題,提出了以閥芯轉(zhuǎn)速穩(wěn)定為目標(biāo)的液動力矩計(jì)算和補(bǔ)償方法,以及以振動波形準(zhǔn)確為目標(biāo)的基于振動波形的閥口設(shè)計(jì)方法,為閥芯旋轉(zhuǎn)式激振閥的設(shè)計(jì)提供依據(jù)。主要研究工作如下:1.根據(jù)閥芯旋轉(zhuǎn)式激振閥的結(jié)構(gòu)及其工作原理,綜合考慮研究需要與加工難度,設(shè)計(jì)了矩形閥口、三角形閥口和半圓形閥口等三種不同閥口形狀,對不同閥口形狀下的過流面積、面積梯度以及當(dāng)量通徑等閥口面積特征進(jìn)行計(jì)算。建立閥芯旋轉(zhuǎn)式激振閥的壓力一流量特性方程,分析結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對靜態(tài)特性的影響。建立閥芯旋轉(zhuǎn)式激振閥的受力模型,從階躍響應(yīng)和幅頻特性角度研究閥芯旋轉(zhuǎn)式激振閥的動態(tài)特性,分析結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)和液動力矩對動態(tài)特性的影響。2.對閥芯旋轉(zhuǎn)式激振閥的液動力矩進(jìn)行理論分析,分別建立穩(wěn)態(tài)液動力矩和瞬態(tài)液動力矩的理論計(jì)算模型。通過ANSYS ICEM CFD建立閥內(nèi)部流場網(wǎng)格模型,采用AN-SYS/Fluent對閥芯旋轉(zhuǎn)式激振閥的內(nèi)部流場進(jìn)行CFD仿真,分析了液動力矩隨閥口壓差和流量、閥芯轉(zhuǎn)速以及閥芯角位移的變化規(guī)律,研究了結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對液動力矩的影響,在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了液動力矩的補(bǔ)償方法。3.建立閥芯旋轉(zhuǎn)式電液激振器的數(shù)學(xué)模型,通過Matlab/Simulink對電液激振器的數(shù)學(xué)模型進(jìn)行求解,分析了閥口形狀、閥口軸向長度、閥口數(shù)量、系統(tǒng)供油壓力和閥芯轉(zhuǎn)速對電液激振器動態(tài)特性的影響。對振動波形進(jìn)行頻譜分析,分析閥口形狀、閥口軸向長度以及系統(tǒng)供油壓力對振動波形失真度的影響。通過電液激振器的數(shù)學(xué)模型得到閥口過流面積與振動波形的關(guān)系,進(jìn)一步得到閥口軸向長度與振幅的映射關(guān)系,在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了基于振動波形的閥口設(shè)計(jì)方法。4.搭建閥芯旋轉(zhuǎn)式激振閥實(shí)驗(yàn)臺,在實(shí)驗(yàn)臺上分別開展靜態(tài)特性、液動力矩和振動波形實(shí)驗(yàn)。通過實(shí)驗(yàn)對進(jìn)油方向和回油方向單向通油和雙向通油時(shí)穩(wěn)態(tài)液動力矩的耦合情況進(jìn)行研究,對所提出的液動力矩理論計(jì)算模型和補(bǔ)償方法以及基于振動波形的閥口設(shè)計(jì)方法進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:In the excitation mode existing in the electro-hydraulic vibrator has high power density, large thrust, and the advantages of adaptive load stepless amplitude modulation, so it is widely used. Compared with the traditional servo valve controlled electro-hydraulic exciter, spool rotary electro-hydraulic exciter can break the reciprocating motion of the valve structure limited, get the higher frequency, but the vibration experiment, the vibration problem of accurate seismic simulation and other occasions need, need further study. The precise vibration includes two aspects, one is the vibration frequency is two accurate, the vibration waveform accurately. The spool rotating vibrating rotary spool valve is the core component of Electro-hydraulic Vibration Exciter the working frequency. The spool rotating type electro-hydraulic vibration exciter is decided by the spool speed decided by valve vibration wave shape and size of geometric characteristics, stability and speed of the spool valve vibration waveform and the geometric characteristics of the accurate solution Is this kind of development exciting technology. In the National Natural Science Fund "the spool rotating type high power Electro-hydraulic Vibration Theory and technology" (51275499) under the support of the rotary valve spool vibration of vibration of the existing rotary spool Electro-hydraulic Vibration Technology in the problem of inaccurate and put forward torque calculation and compensation method of moving target with spool speed stable solution, and to accurately target the vibration waveform design method based on vibration waveform of valve port, provide the basis for the design of rotary valve spool vibration. The main research work is as follows: 1. according to the structure and working principle of rotary valve vibration considering the need of the valve, and the difficulty of processing, design of rectangular valve, triangle valve port and semicircular valve port three different valve port of the valve port shape, different shapes of the flow area, gradient and equivalent area Through the diameter of the valve orifice area is calculated. A characteristic equation to establish flow characteristics of rotary valve spool vibration pressure, analysis of influence of structural parameters on the static characteristics of the force. To establish the model of rotary valve spool vibration, the dynamic characteristics of valve step response and amplitude frequency characteristics of rotary valve vibration from the angle of order analysis, structure parameters and hydrodynamic torque influence on the dynamic characteristics of the.2. on the spool rotary vibration valve hydraulic torque theory, steady hydrodynamic torque and transient hydrodynamic torque calculation model was established. The establishment of the valve interior flow field grid model by ANSYS ICEM CFD, the internal flow field of AN-SYS/Fluent on the rotary valve the vibration valve of the CFD simulation, analysis of the hydraulic torque with the valve pressure difference and flow rate, rotation speed and angular displacement of the spool valve changes, study the influence of structural parameters on hydraulic torque, on this base Based on the proposed mathematical model of hydrodynamic torque compensation method to establish the.3. spool rotary electro-hydraulic vibration exciter, by solving the mathematical model of Electro-hydraulic Vibration Exciter Matlab/Simulink, analysis of the valve shape, the axial length of the valve port, the valve port number, influence of supply pressure and valve speed of electro hydraulic vibration the dynamic characteristics of the isolator. The spectrum analysis of the vibration waveform, analysis of valve valve shape, axial length and supply pressure distortion effect on the vibration waveform. Relationship between the flow area of the valve port and the vibration waveform by the mathematical model of electro-hydraulic exciter, further mapping relationship between axial length and valve port the amplitude of the vibration wave is proposed based on the design method of.4. valve spool rotary valve vibration to build experimental platform based on static characteristics were carried out on a test rig, hydraulic torque and vibration waveform through the experiment. The coupling between the direction of oil inlet and the direction of oil return and the steady state hydrodynamic torque of two-way oil passing is studied experimentally. The theoretical calculation model and compensation method of the proposed hydrodynamic torque and the design method of valve port based on the vibration waveform are experimentally verified.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TH137.52

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