本文關(guān)鍵詞： 平衡原理 轉(zhuǎn)子動(dòng)力學(xué) 各向異性 全矢動(dòng)平衡 不平衡響應(yīng) 動(dòng)平衡方法　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)械逐漸地向大型化、高速化、精密化、復(fù)雜化的方向發(fā)展,由于旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)械的主要部件是轉(zhuǎn)子,且旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)械的主要故障類型就是不平衡,所以轉(zhuǎn)子動(dòng)平衡技術(shù)的研究和發(fā)展顯得尤其必要。在實(shí)際工程應(yīng)用中,由于自身結(jié)構(gòu)和長期連續(xù)不間斷運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的原因,轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)必然存在各向異性,這會(huì)導(dǎo)致轉(zhuǎn)子失衡響應(yīng)在不同方向的差異性。傳統(tǒng)的動(dòng)平衡方法僅采用單通道信息,不能夠完全表示出轉(zhuǎn)子的不平衡響應(yīng)。然而,全矢動(dòng)平衡方法是基于影響系數(shù)法和全矢譜技術(shù),能獲得轉(zhuǎn)子完整、全面的信息,彌補(bǔ)了傳統(tǒng)方法的不足�；谕葱畔⑷诤系娜缸V技術(shù),用橢圓的長半軸和相位來表示各諧波下強(qiáng)度的大小,既保證了各諧波下的最大強(qiáng)度,又與傳統(tǒng)方法兼容。本文研究分析各向異性支撐轉(zhuǎn)子的不平衡響應(yīng)和動(dòng)平衡方法,并說明了全矢動(dòng)平衡在動(dòng)平衡應(yīng)用技術(shù)中的優(yōu)越性。研究各向異性支撐轉(zhuǎn)子下的失衡響應(yīng)規(guī)律,首先選取合適的轉(zhuǎn)子模型進(jìn)行模擬仿真,然后對各向剛度異性、各向阻尼異性、交叉剛度阻尼(即x、y方向的差異)和x、y方向的幅值(即幅值比)之間的變化關(guān)系進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,分析研究了幅值比的變化規(guī)律,從而得出結(jié)論:各向剛度或各向阻尼同性時(shí),x、y方向的幅值是一致的;若不同時(shí),隨著兩方向差異性的增大,x、y方向的幅值比趨于穩(wěn)定,但兩方向的幅值是不一致的。為下一步虛擬動(dòng)平衡方法做了基礎(chǔ)。運(yùn)用虛擬平衡方法,選擇合適的轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)模型,以各向異性下的失衡響應(yīng)規(guī)律為基礎(chǔ),然后用單x傳感器、單y傳感器、全矢動(dòng)平衡方法分別對各向異性下失衡響應(yīng)一致和不一致的轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行單、雙面動(dòng)平衡。比較分析傳統(tǒng)動(dòng)平衡和全矢動(dòng)平衡各自使用的條件和場合。最后通過在本特利實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)上的實(shí)驗(yàn)對仿真模擬的結(jié)果進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。首先驗(yàn)證了試驗(yàn)中各向異性的存在,然后分別用傳統(tǒng)動(dòng)平衡方法與全矢動(dòng)平衡方法對其進(jìn)行平衡,比較兩種動(dòng)平衡方法后校正質(zhì)量與原始不平衡質(zhì)量的誤差值,得出全矢動(dòng)平衡的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the development of large scale, high speed, precision and complication of rotating machinery, the main component of rotating machinery is rotor, and the main fault type of rotating machinery is unbalance. Therefore, the research and development of rotor dynamic balancing technology is particularly necessary. In practical engineering applications, the rotor system must have anisotropy due to its own structure and continuous and uninterrupted operation for a long time. This will lead to the difference of rotor imbalance response in different directions. The traditional dynamic balancing method only uses single channel information, and can not completely represent the rotor unbalance response. However, The full vector balancing method is based on the influence coefficient method and the whole vector spectrum technique, which can obtain the complete and comprehensive information of the rotor and make up for the shortcomings of the traditional methods. The long half axis and phase of the ellipse are used to express the intensity of each harmonic wave, which not only guarantees the maximum strength of each harmonic wave, but also is compatible with the traditional method. In this paper, the unbalanced response and the dynamic balance method of the anisotropic supported rotor are studied. The advantages of full vector balancing in the application of dynamic balance are explained. The unbalance response law under anisotropic braced rotor is studied. The appropriate rotor model is first selected for simulation, and then the stiffness and damping in each direction are simulated. The variation relationship between the cross-stiffness damping (i.e. the difference of the XY direction) and the amplitude of the xy direction (i.e. the amplitude ratio) is numerically simulated, and the variation law of the amplitude ratio is analyzed and studied. It is concluded that the amplitudes in the same direction of stiffness or damping are the same, and if not, the amplitude ratio of the direction tends to be stable with the increase of the difference between the two directions. But the amplitudes of the two directions are not the same. This paper makes a foundation for the next virtual dynamic balancing method. By using the virtual balance method, the appropriate rotor system model is selected, based on the unbalance response law under anisotropy, and then the single x sensor is used. The single y sensor and the full vector balancing method are used to single the rotor system with uniform and inconsistent unbalance response under anisotropic conditions, respectively. The conditions and situations of traditional dynamic balance and full vector balance are compared and analyzed. Finally, the simulation results are verified by experiments on Bentley experimental bench. The existence of anisotropy in the experiment is first verified. Then the traditional dynamic balance method and the full vector dynamic balance method are used to balance them, and the difference between the corrected mass and the original unbalanced mass is compared, and the validity of the total vector dynamic balance is obtained by comparing the difference between the corrected mass and the original unbalanced mass of the two dynamic balancing methods.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH113.25

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本文編號：1503621